水绿地以及一些被动技术对于城市历史片区工业建筑改造的影响.docx

水绿地以及一些被动技术对于城市历史片区工业建筑改造的影响.docx

《水绿地以及一些被动技术对于城市历史片区工业建筑改造的影响.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《水绿地以及一些被动技术对于城市历史片区工业建筑改造的影响.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

水绿地以及一些被动技术对于城市历史片区工业建筑改造的影响

外文原文

Theinfluenceofwater,greenandselectedpassivetechniquesontherehabilitationofhistoricalindustrialbuildingsinurbanareas

A．FerranteandG.Mihalakakou

Abstract

ThepresentpaperdescribesanewprocessfordesigningandapplyingselectedpassiveheatingandcoolingtechniquesinalargeurbanareaofLegnano，acityclosetoMilan.Theplanningrestorationprocessisbasedontheintegrationofseveralnaturalandman-madefactorswiththebio-climaticcriteriaofindividualbuildings’design.Thearchitecturalrehabilitationoftwohistoricalindustrialbuildings,selectedasrepresentativeintheoverallurbanrenewaloftheconsideredCantoniurbanarea，hasbeenconsideredasanintegralpartofthewholeurbanplanningprocess.Thebuildings’designisfurtherdevelopedusingsolarpassiveheating/coolingtechniquessuchastheinsertionofanatriumbetweenthebuildingsandtheplacementofgreenroofsonthebuilding’sbarecoverings.Thethermalbehaviorofoneoftheabovementionedbuildingsequippedbypassiveheatingandcoolingtechniquesiscalculatedandanalyzedinthepresentpaperusingatransientbuilding’sperformancesimulationprogram.

THEEFFECTOFNATURALELEMENTSINTHEURBANRENEWALOFTHEAREA‘CANTONI’

Aclimaticconsciousdesignofoutdoorspacesandtheappropriateuseofnaturalcomponentsarekeyelementstoreducetheoutcomeofunsoundevolutionofurbanareaswhereimpermeablesurfacesanddenudedlandscapesdetermineundesirableclimaticeffectsandunhealthylifeconditions.

Thefirststeptoavoidtheseproblemsistoincreasetheamountofopenspacesandpermeablesurfacesasmuchaspossible.Thustheclimaticefficiencyisimprovedbothinopenpublicareasandinsidethebuildings.

Indenseurbanenvironments,characterizedbythelackofopenspacesamongbuildingsaswellasbytherelativeabsenceofnaturalelements,adesignstrategytominimizepollutionimpactshouldprovidespatialseparationofenvironmentallyincompatibleactivities.Thereforethenextstepconsistsofinvestigatinganddesigning,onasmallerscale,thebuildingenvelopeandthepotentialofselectedpassivetechniquessuchasbuildingmaterials,componentsandshadingdevicesinordertominimizethermaldiscomfortbothintheopenspacesandinthebuildings.

ForthisreasonatwofoldrehabilitationprocessisdesignedforfacingtheproblemofspecificrestrictionsencounteredinthecentralCantoniarea.

•Onalargerscale,whereopenspaceisavailable,landscapeplanningandpassivenaturaltechniquesaredevelopedforprovidinganalternativeuseofgreenareas,watersystemsandcourtyards.

•Onasmallerscale,indensely-builturbanzones,passivetechniquesappliedtotheenvelopeofhistoricalbuildingsaredesignedtoimprovethearchitecturalqualityandthepedestrianconnectionamongpublicareas.

Thewholeurbanareaconsistsofahugeamountofhistoricalindustrialbuildingsoverlappinggreenareasandwatersystems（theenvironmentalchannelsubstantiallygeneratedbytheriversystemsOlonaandOlonella）,foratotallengthofabout4km.

TheareaCantoni（Fig.1）isattheheartofthewholearea.Itislocatedatthecrossingpointbetweentheabovementionednaturalchannelandthehistoricalurbancentre.Moreover,itcanberegardedasakindofbarrierbetweenthetwooldhistoricalurbancentersLegnanoandLegnanello,whereuptonowEugenioCantoniStreethasremainedtheonlycentralcrossingroutebetweenthetwopartsofthecity.

Fig.1 Plan-volumetricviewoftheCantoniarea.Insidethecircle:

ontheleft,thebuilding（A）;inthemiddle,theatrium（G）.

ViewWithinArticle

Thelandscapeplanningofthewholeareaismainlycharacterizedbythere-designofgreenandwatercirculationsystems;thesesystemsareselectedasthemostrepresentativeamongthenaturalresourcesoftheareainalargescaleinvestigation.

ThearchitecturalrehabilitationdesignproposesanalternativescenariotoimprovethermalcomfortconditionsandrestorenaturalelementsaswellaspermeablesurfacesintheCantoniarea.Theopenspacesoftheinvestigatedareaactasthemainfactorsfortheidentificationofthebuilding’sexternalsurfacesdesign.Thus,byre-designingthebuilding’ssurfacesandelevationfacades,thestreetlayoutandtheplan-volumetricshapesofexistingbuildings,analternativescenarioisproposed.

Themainobjectivesidentifiedintheurbanplanningandarchitecturalrehabilitationprocessofthecentralareacanbesummarizedasfollows.

•Promotionofallformsofpassivenaturaldevicesaccordingtothepotentialeffectsofminimizinglocalizedpollutionproblemsandenhancingurbanmicroclimate.

•Increaseofpermeablesurfacesintheoutdoorspaces.

•Improvementofsolarheatingandnaturalcooling,minimizingsolarheatgainsbothintheopenspacesandonthebuilding’sfacades（allowingprotectionforsouth-eastandsouth-westfacadesusingshadingdevicesand‘naturalfilters’）.

•Absorptionbyplantsandurbanpollutantdispersionbynaturalventilationandnightcooling.

Tomeettheaboveobjectives,intheareaswhereadequateopenspaceisavailable,thefollowingstrategiesareproposed.

•Ensureopeningsfrominternalgreencourtyards（wheretheairisfresherandcleaner）towardspublicopenspacesandbuildings’facades.

•Increasepermeablesurfacesonthepavementsthusenhancingthewater–green-climateinteractions.

•Ensureshadingandfilteringforthebuildings’facades（especiallythesouth-westandsouth-eastorientedonesduringthewarmperiodoftheyear）usingvegetation,waterpondsandwaterriverextensioninpoolsequippedwithmacrophysicstreatmentofwastewater.

Toprovidesolutionsagainstthelackofopenfreespacesbetweenbuildings,thefollowingstrategieshavebeenset.

•ProvidespatialseparationbetweenpollutedareasandopenpublicspacesbydesigningapedestrianwalkwayinplaceofthecarcirculationstreetcrossingtheareaCantoni.

•Ensureopeningsfromthepedestrianareastowardsthebuildings’facades.

•Provideshadingandfilteringforthebuildings’facades（especiallyonthesouth-eastorientationinthewarmsummerseasonandnorth-westonesinthecoldwinterseason）usingselectedpassivetechniquessuchaswintergardens,pergolas,deciduoustreesandcurtains.

•Designplantedroofgardensontheexposedroofsofthebuildings.

Theurbanareaselectedforafurtherdefinitionoftherestorationprocess（Fig.1）istransformedandrestoredbydevelopingthefollowingarticulatedesignproposals.

•Partialdemolitionoftheindustrialbuildingssufferingfromdegradationandunhealthyconditions.

•Re-balanceoftheenvironmentalprocessesfortheclimaticimprovementinthefreeopenspaces,suchasmacrophysicsalgaltreatmentandurbangreenrenovation.

•Urbanrehabilitationofthemaincrossingcentralroutebetweenthetwohistoricalcentresbytransformingitasapedestriangallerycrossingthecommercial,socialandpublicactivities.

•Insertionofselectedpassivesystemssuchasanatriumbetweenthetwobuildingsintimatelyconnectedtotheurbanrehabilitationoftheabove-mentionedgallery.

•Re-designofcoveringsusingthetechniqueofgreenroofstoimprovethebuildings’thermalinertiaandtoincreasethesystemcoolingpotentialduringthewarmperiodoftheyear.

AcoupleofbuildingsalongthemainrouteofCantoniareselectedforafurthersolarheatingandcoolingrestoration.Forthisreason,twoprinciplebioclimaticarchitecturaltechniquesareused.

•Theinsertionofanatriumbetweenthetwobuildingsinrelationtotheurbanandpedestrianrestoration.

•There-designofcoveringsandroofsusingtheideaofgreenspacesontheexposedroofofthebuildings.

THEATRIUMASAPASSIVEHEATING/COOLINGSYSTEM

ThetransformationofanareawithalotoftrafficlikeCantoniintoapedestriancommercialgallerycanberegardedasthemainurban-scaleinputinthearchitecturalrehabilitationoftheselectedbuildings.

Theatriummaycontributesignificantlytotheenergybalanceofthebuildingsaswellastothethermalperformanceoftheopenpublicspaceitself（Gouldingetal.,1986）.Theglasscoveringsystemsbetweenthetwobuildingsleadtoathermallycompactbuildingwithreducedheatlossesduringthewinterperiod（Fig.2b）,whilethepassivegainedsolarenergycanbeveryuseful.

Fig.2 （a）Acrosssectionoftheatriumshowingthethermalperformanceofthecompactedbuildingsduringthewarmsummerperiodoftheyear.（b）Acrosssectionoftheatriumshowingthethermalperformanceofthecompactedbuildingsduringthewinterperiod.

ViewWithinArticle

Toachieveanimprovedthermalperformanceinthewinter,thatistogainheatfromsolarradiation,theatriumisconsideredclosedbytwoglazedentrances.However,toavoidundesirableoverheatingduringthesummerperiodoftheyearthefollowingbioclimatictechniquesareused.

•Insertionofcurtainsasadditionalselectedpassivesystemsaddressingthecoolingneedofthebuildingsandtheatriumduringsummer.Theseshadingdevicescouldbeusefulforavoidingtheoverheatingprocess,byreducingdirectsolargain.

Insertionofasecondarygridontheshelloftheatrium,madeupofsteelandwood.Thisgridisdesignedtoprovideadequatestructuralsupporttothedeciduousplantscomingupfromthegreentopofthelowerbuilding,inordertoachieveafurtherimprovementofthermalperformanceduringsummer.

附录2外文翻译

水、绿地以及一些被动技术对于城市历史片区工业建筑改造的影响

A．FerranteandG.Mihalakakou

摘要

本文介绍了一个名叫Legnano的大型城区的全新的规划设计过程，该城区位于意大利城市米兰的附近，并且有选择的使用了被动加热和冷却技术。

设计规划和改造的过程是基于整体的考虑，包括一些自然和人为因素以及生物、气候和个别楼宇的设计标准。

为了保留和修复历史遗留的工业建筑、楼宇，因而选定了整体市区改造重建的代表Cantoni市区，该片区