英语专业泛读第四册Unit 1 Science in the Sahara.docx
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英语专业泛读第四册Unit1ScienceintheSahara
Unit1ScienceintheSahara：
ManoftheDesert
Lead-in:
I.Discussion:
1.Haveyoueverbeentoadesert?
Whatisadesertlike?
Fullofsand,dry,waterless,harshgeographicalenvironment;notavailabletolivein.romote,farfromcitylife.
Dangerous.Easyforpeopletolosesenseofdirections.PengJiamuwaslostin1980sinLuobupoinXinjiang.
2.HaveyoueveryreadSanmao’sbook:
StoriesintheSaharaDesert?
Whatdoyouknowaboutthedesert?
Largestoneintheworld.
Itslocation?
InAfrica.
Itsmap:
WhichcountriesareintheSaharaDesert?
撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠.横贯非洲大陆北部,东西长达5600公里,南北宽约1600公里,面积约960万平方公里,约占非洲总面积32%.分布在西撒哈拉、毛里塔尼亚、马里、阿尔及利亚、尼日尔、突尼斯、利比亚、乍得、埃及、苏丹等十多个国家和地区.阿尔及利亚Algeria
3.Areyouinterestedinexplorationinadesertoradventure?
Why?
Exciting;dangerous;challengeyourself.Enlargeyourvision.
OurtextisaboutanexplorerintheeasternSahara.
•1.Haveyoueverbeentoadesert?
Whatisadesertlike?
•2.HaveyoureadSanmao’sbook:
SaharaDesert?
•3Whatdoyouknowaboutit?
Aboutitslocation;countrieslocatedthere;climate;geography;animals;plants;people’slife,etc.
•4.Areyouinterestedinexplorationinadesertoradventure?
Why?
•5.Canyoupredictthemaincontentsofthetext?
•6.Supposeyoulivedinthedesert,howwouldyouplantoarrangeyourlifethere?
II.Dowordpretestbeforegoingtotext.Checkthemeaningofnewwords:
III.Thetext:
Previewingquestions：
Pa1scanning:
StefanKropelin’sfirstresearchtriptotheeasternSaharadidnotstartwell.Why?
Pa2scanning:
WhatisStefanKropelin?
MostdevotedSaharaExplorersnow.nowageologistandclimateresearcherattheUni.OfCologneinGermany.
Whathardshipshadheexperienced?
Pa3skimming:
Hehadachievedalotinhisfieldwork.Whatarethey?
1）hehasmadeinfluencialdiscoveries;
2）hehasrecordedtheSahara’sculturalhsitoryandhastriedtopreserveitsheritagebypersuadingtoprotectscientificandculturalsites.
Pa.4
Skimming:
HowdidhestarthisinterestinhissenseofadventuretotheSaharaDissert?
Pa5
Scan:
Whatisthemeaningof“Inhospitable”inthefirstsentenceofpa.5?
Harshweatherandbadgeographicalcondition.
Howabouthisattitudetohiswork?
Circumspect,hard-drivingleader,goodatknowledgeofgeomorphology,archaelogy,humanpsychologyandmotomomormechanics.
I.Pa.1-5Summary:
IntroductiontoKropelinsandhisresearch:
hisfirstresearchtriptotheeasternSahara.
Hisjobnow;hisdescoveries;whyhestartedhisadventure;hishardworkingenvironmentandhiscarefulattitudetowork.
Pa.6
1.Whatresearchhashedone?
RevealhowtheSaharatransformedfromasavannahmorethan5000yearsagotothedesertitistoday.
2.Whatwasresearchers’ideaabouttheSaharainthepast?
Pa.7
Willthepa.Abouthisdoubttoothers’research?
Pa8
Whatistheconclusionofhisresearch？
II.Pa.6-8Summary:
aboutHisresearch:
hedoubtsaboutothers’researchandhegetshisownresearchresult.
Pa9
KropelinanddeMenocal‘sdebate.Hisideaswereaccepted.
Pa10
翻译句：
他对约阿湖的研究结果给他在这个地区的长期发现画上了一个圆满的句号。
Summary：
HisresearchresultsfromLakeYoa
WhatabouthisresearchresultsfromLakeYoa?
III.pa.9-10Hisdebatewithothersandhissatisfyingdiscoveries.
IV.Pa.11-12Difficultieshemet.
V.Pa.13-14OtherworkshehasdoneandhisplansintheSahara.
Pa.11scanning:
Howhavehistripsplacedhimindifficultsituations?
Pa.12skimming:
whynatureistheenemy?
Pa.13skimming:
Whatotherworkshashedone?
Pa.14WhatdoesheplantodointheSahara?
Whydoeshedosuchthings?
Lovefortheland.
I.Pa.1-5Summary:
IntroductiontoKropelinsandhisresearch:
Summary:
Hisjobnow;hisdescoveries;whyhestartedhisadventure;hishardworkingenvironmentandhiscarefulattitudetowork.
Pa.1scanning:
HowaboutStefanKropelin’sfirstresearchtriptotheeasternSahara?
Why?
Mainidea:
hisfirstresearchtriptotheeasternSahara.
Remote:
adj.1）fardistantinplaceortime偏远的，偏僻的.
2）冷漠的;冷淡的;与人疏远的;清高的sbdoesnotwanttobefriendlyorcloselyinvolvedwithotherpeople.
EgShelookedsobeautiful,andatthesametimesoremote.她相貌如此美丽，同时又如此清高不群。
Plateau：
1.N-COUNT高原Aplateauisalargeareaofhighandfairlyflatland.
EgAbroadvalleyopenedupleadingtoahigh,flatplateauofcultivatedland.一条宽阔的山谷展现在眼前，通往一处平整的开垦地高原。
Sediment英[ˈsedɪmənt]n.[地]沉淀物；沉积物，沉渣
复数：
sediments词条标签：
TOEFLIELTSGRE
1.N沉渣;沉淀物Sedimentissolidmaterialthatsettlesatthebottomofaliquid,especiallyearthandpiecesofrockthathavebeencarriedalongandthenleftsomewherebywater,ice,orwind.
EgManyorganismsthatdieintheseaaresoonburiedbysediment.海洋里死亡的许多生物会很快被沉淀物掩埋。
Deposition英[ˌdepəˈzɪʃn]n.沉积（物）
Canyon：
1.Nalong,narrowvalleywithverysteepsides.（陡峭狭长的）峡谷，溪谷
Eg...theGrandCanyon.（美国的）大峡谷
Embark：
英[ɪmˈbɑ:
k]vi.上飞机，上船；着手，从事vt.使…上船或飞机；使从事，使着手；投资于词条标签：
考研IELTS
1.Vstartdoingsomethingdifficult着手；开始做
EgHe'sembarkingonanewcareerasawriter...他即将开始新的职业生涯——当一名作家。
Thegovernmentembarkedonaprogrammeofradicaleconomicreform.政府开始实施一项彻底的经济改革计划。
Oasis：
N可数名词asmallareainadesertwherewaterandplantsarefound.（沙漠中的）绿洲
2.N-COUNTapleasantplaceorsituationasanoasiswhenitissurroundedbyunpleasantones.（恶劣环境中的）宜人之地，乐土；（不愉快情形下的）开心之时，乐事
EgTheimmaculatelytendedgardensareanoasisinthemidstofCairo'surbansprawl.在开罗不断扩张的都市版图内，这些被悉心照料的花园成了一片世外桃源。
Pa2
scanning:
WhatisStefanKropelin?
MostdevotedSaharaExplorersnow.nowageologistandclimateresearcherattheUni.OfCologneinGermany.
Whathardshipshadheexperienced?
Ordeal：
.N-COUNT（常单数）Ifyoudescribeanexperienceorsituationasanordeal,youthinkitisdifficultandunpleasant.煎熬；磨难；折磨
Egthepainfulordealofthelasteightmonths...过去8个月的痛苦煎熬
Shedescribedheragonisingordeal.她描述了自己备受折磨的苦难经历。
Expedition：
N-COUNTanorganizedjourneythatismadeforaparticularpurposesuchasexploration.远征;探险
EgByrd's1928expeditiontoAntarctica.伯德1928年前往南极洲的探险
Bout：
1.N-COUNTaboutofanillnessorofanunpleasantfeeling,youhaveitforashortperiod.（疾病或不愉快情绪的）发作
Aboutof
EgHewasrecoveringfromasevereboutofflu...他患了严重的流感，尚未痊愈。
EgIwassufferingwithaboutofnerves.我感到一阵紧张。
2.N-COUNT可数名词（不愉快之事大量发生的）一阵，一小段时间
Aboutofsomethingthatisunpleasantisashorttimeduringwhichitoccursagreatdeal.【搭配模式】：
usuNofn
EgThelatestboutofviolencehasclaimedtwentyfourlives...最近发生的一起暴力事件造成24人死亡。
Ahalf-hourdailywalkcanbemorebeneficialthanonehardboutofexerciseaweek.每天散步半小时会比一周剧烈运动一次对身体更有益。
3.N-COUNT拳击比赛；摔跤比赛Aboutisaboxingorwrestlingmatch.
EgThiswillbehiseighthtitleboutin19months.这将是他19个月里的第8次卫冕赛。
4.（当about的第一个音节不发音时，有些作家以’bout或bout替代about）Somewritersuse'boutorbouttorepresentaboutwhenthefirstsyllableisnotpronounced.
How'boutsomecoffee?
...来点儿咖啡吗？
EgIjustfelttheneedtowriteboutit,Iguess.我想我就是觉得有必要对此写点儿什么。
回合；较量；局；一场比赛
Roam：
Vwanderortravelarounditwithouthavingaparticularpurpose.漫步;漫游;游荡;闲逛
synonym：
roll，wander，swan，stray，tramp，cast，ramble，rove，range，drift，vagabondgadmeander
EGBarefootchildrenroamedthestreets...光脚丫的孩子们在街上游荡。
They'reroamingaroundthecountryshootingatanythingthatmoves...他们在乡下到处转悠，看到活动的东西就开枪。
Farmerswereencouragedtokeeptheirlivestockinpensratherthanlettingthemroamfreely.鼓励农民们把家畜关进栏圈，而不是让它们到处乱跑。
1.moveaboutaimlesslyorwithoutanydestination,ofteninsearchoffoodoremployment;
"Thegypsiesroamedthewoods"
"rovingvagabonds"
"thewanderingJew"
"Thecattleroamacrosstheprairie"
"thelaborersdriftfromonetowntothenext"
"Theyrolledfromtowntotown"
seminal：
1.ADJ正式thingssuchasbooks,works,events,andexperiencesthathaveagreatinfluenceinaparticularfield.（书、作品等在某一领域）有重大影响的，影响深
eg.theauthoroftheseminalbook'AnimalLiberation'...有着巨大影响的《动物解放》一书的作者
EgThereformshavebeenaseminaleventinthehistoryoftheNHS.这些改革已成为英国国民保健制度史上影响深远的一件大事。
Pa3
skimming:
Hehadachievedalotinhisfieldwork.Whatarethey?
hehasmadeinfluencialdiscoveries;
hehasrecordedtheSahara’sculturalhsitoryandhastriedtopreserveitsheritagebypersuadingtoprotectscientificandculturalsites.
Lobby：
n.大厅；大堂；前厅
复数：
lobbies过去式：
lobbied过去分词：
lobbied现在分词：
lobbying第三人称单数：
lobbies
词条标签：
CET6考研TOEFLIELTSGRE
1.VERB向（政府官员、委员会委员等）进行游说（或疏通）topersuadethemthataparticularlawshouldbechangedorthataparticularthingshouldbedone.
Vfor/againstn
EgCarersfromallovertheUKlobbiedParliamentlastweektodemandabetterfinancialdeal...英国各地的家庭看护人员上周向议会游说，要求改善经济待遇。
Guncontroladvocatesarelobbyinghardfornewlaws...枪械管制支持者正努力游说通过新法。
Theunionhasattackedtheplanandthreatenedtolobbyagainstit...
翻译：
他对撒哈拉气候的历史作出了重大发现，这些发现正在挑战人们关于世界在变暖的将来可能面临的临界点的假设。
Pa4Skimming:
HowdidhestarthisinterestinhissenseofadventuretotheSaharaDissert?
Pa5
Scanning:
1.Whatisthemeaningof“Inhospitable”inthefirstsentenceofpa.5?
Harshweatherandbadgeographicalcondition.
2Howabouthisattitudetohiswork?
Circumspect,hard-drivingleader,goodatknowledgeofgeomorphology,archaelogy,humanpsychologyandmotomomormechanics.
3What’sthemainideaofpa.5?
circumspect英[ˈsɜ:
kəmspekt]adj.FORMAL谨慎小心的，周到的
慎重的；小心谨慎；周到的；小心的
1.ADJ-GRADED小心的;谨慎的;谨言慎行的cautiousinwhatyoudoandsayanddonottakerisks.
EgThebanksshouldhavebeenmorecircumspectintheirdealings...那些银行在交易中本该更加谨慎的。
EgYouseemtobeimplying,inyourusualcircumspectmanner,thatperhapsitmightnotbeawonderfulidea.你好像正以你一贯谨言慎行的方式暗示，那个主意也许不怎么样。
Advcircumspectly
EgIwouldsuggestthatforthetimebeingyoubehaveascircumspectlyaspossibleinpolitical
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