英语专业泛读第四册Unit 1 Science in the Sahara.docx

1、英语专业泛读第四册Unit 1 Science in the SaharaUnit 1 Science in the Sahara：Man of the DesertLead-in:I. Discussion:1.Have you ever been to a desert? What is a desert like?Full of sand, dry, waterless, harsh geographical environment; not available to live in. romote, far from city life.Dangerous. Easy for peop

2、le to lose sense of directions. Peng Jiamu was lost in 1980s in Luobupo in Xinjiang.2.Have you everyread Sanmaos book: Stories in the Sahara Desert?What do you know about the desert? Largest one in the world.Its location? In Africa.Its map:Which countries are in the Sahara Desert?撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠.横贯非洲

3、大陆北部,东西长达5600公里,南北宽约1600公里,面积约960万平方公里,约占非洲总面积32%.分布在西撒哈拉、毛里塔尼亚、马里、阿尔及利亚、尼日尔、突尼斯、利比亚、乍得、埃及、苏丹等十多个国家和地区.阿尔及利亚 Algeria3.Are you interested in exploration in a desert or adventure? Why?Exciting; dangerous; challenge yourself. Enlarge your vision.Our text is about an explorer in the eastern Sahara.1. Ha

4、ve you ever been to a desert? What is a desert like?2. Have you read Sanmaos book: Sahara Desert?3 What do you know about it? About its location; countries located there; climate; geography;animals; plants; peoples life, etc.4. Are you interested in exploration in a desert or adventure? Why?5. Can y

5、ou predict the main contents of the text?6. Suppose you lived in the desert, how would you plan to arrange your life there?II. Do word pretest before going to text. Check the meaning of new words:III. The text:Previewing questions：Pa 1 scanning: Stefan Kropelins first research trip to the eastern Sa

6、hara did not start well. Why?Pa 2 scanning: What is Stefan Kropelin? Most devoted Sahara Explorers now. now a geologist and climate researcher at the Uni. Of Cologne in Germany.What hardships had he experienced?Pa 3 skimming: He had achieved a lot in his field work. What are they?1)he has made influ

7、encial discoveries;2)he has recorded the Saharas cultural hsitory and has tried to preserve its heritage by persuading to protect scientific and cultural sites.Pa.4Skimming: How did he start his interest in his sense of adventure to the Sahara Dissert?Pa 5Scan: What is the meaning of “Inhospitable”

8、in the first sentence of pa.5?Harsh weather and bad geographical condition.How about his attitude to his work?Circumspect, hard-driving leader, good at knowledge of geomorphology, archaelogy, human psychology and motomomor mechanics.I.Pa.1-5 Summary: Introduction to Kropelins and his research: his f

9、irst research trip to the eastern Sahara.His job now; his descoveries; why he started his adventure; his hard working environment and his careful attitude to work.Pa.6 1. What research has he done?Reveal how the Sahara transformed from a savannah more than 5000 years ago to the desert it is today.2.

10、 What was researchers idea about the Sahara in the past?Pa.7Will the pa. About his doubt to others research?Pa 8What is the conclusion of his research？II. Pa. 6-8 Summary: about His research: he doubts about others research and he gets his own research result. Pa 9Kropelin and deMenocals debate. His

11、 ideas were accepted. Pa 10 翻译句：他对约阿湖的研究结果给他在这个地区的长期发现画上了一个圆满的句号。Summary：His research results from Lake Yoa What about his research results from Lake Yoa?III. pa. 9-10 His debate with others and his satisfying discoveries.IV. Pa.11-12 Difficulties he met. V. Pa. 13-14 Other works he has done and his

12、 plans in the Sahara.Pa.11 scanning: How have his trips placed him in difficult situations? Pa.12 skimming: why nature is the enemy?Pa.13 skimming: What other works has he done?Pa.14 What does he plan to do in the Sahara?Why does he do such things? Love for the land.I.Pa.1-5 Summary: Introduction to

13、 Kropelins and his research:Summary: His job now; his descoveries; why he started his adventure; his hard working environment and his careful attitude to work.Pa. 1 scanning: How about Stefan Kropelins first research trip to the eastern Sahara? Why? Main idea: his first research trip to the eastern

14、Sahara.Remote: adj. 1）far distant in place or time偏远的，偏僻的.2）冷漠的;冷淡的;与人疏远的;清高的sb does not want to be friendly or closely involved with other people. Eg She looked so beautiful, and at the same time so remote. 她相貌如此美丽，同时又如此清高不群。Plateau：1. N-COUNT 高原 A plateau is a large area of high and fairly flat la

15、nd. Eg A broad valley opened up leading to a high, flat plateau of cultivated land. 一条宽阔的山谷展现在眼前，通往一处平整的开垦地高原。Sediment 英 sedmnt n. 地沉淀物；沉积物，沉渣 复数：sediments 词条标签：TOEFL IELTS GRE 1. N沉渣;沉淀物 Sediment is solid material that settles at the bottom of a liquid, especially earth and pieces of rock that have

16、 been carried along and then left somewhere by water, ice, or wind. Eg Many organisms that die in the sea are soon buried by sediment. 海洋里死亡的许多生物会很快被沉淀物掩埋。Deposition 英 depzn n. 沉积（物）Canyon：1. N a long, narrow valley with very steep sides. (陡峭狭长的)峡谷，溪谷Eg .the Grand Canyon. (美国的)大峡谷Embark：英 mb:k vi. 上

17、飞机，上船；着手，从事 vt. 使上船或飞机；使从事，使着手；投资于 词条标签：考研 IELTS 1.V start doing something difficult 着手；开始做Eg Hes embarking on a new career as a writer. 他即将开始新的职业生涯当一名作家。The government embarked on a programme of radical economic reform. 政府开始实施一项彻底的经济改革计划。Oasis：N可数名词 a small area in a desert where water and plants a

18、re found. （沙漠中的）绿洲2. N-COUNT a pleasant place or situation as an oasis when it is surrounded by unpleasant ones. （恶劣环境中的）宜人之地，乐土；（不愉快情形下的）开心之时，乐事Eg The immaculately tended gardens are an oasis in the midst of Cairos urban sprawl. 在开罗不断扩张的都市版图内，这些被悉心照料的花园成了一片世外桃源。Pa 2 scanning: What is Stefan Kropeli

19、n? Most devoted Sahara Explorers now. now a geologist and climate researcher at the Uni. Of Cologne in Germany.What hardships had he experienced?Ordeal：. N-COUNT (常单数) If you describe an experience or situation as an ordeal, you think it is difficult and unpleasant. 煎熬；磨难；折磨Eg the painful ordeal of

20、the last eight months. 过去8个月的痛苦煎熬She described her agonising ordeal. 她描述了自己备受折磨的苦难经历。Expedition：N-COUNT an organized journey that is made for a particular purpose such as exploration. 远征;探险 Eg Byrds 1928 expedition to Antarctica. 伯德1928年前往南极洲的探险Bout：1. N-COUNT a bout of an illness or of an unpleasan

21、t feeling, you have it for a short period. （疾病或不愉快情绪的）发作A bout of Eg He was recovering from a severe bout of flu. 他患了严重的流感，尚未痊愈。Eg I was suffering with a bout of nerves. 我感到一阵紧张。2. N-COUNT 可数名词（不愉快之事大量发生的）一阵，一小段时间 A bout of something that is unpleasant is a short time during which it occurs a great

22、deal. 【搭配模式】：usu N of nEg The latest bout of violence has claimed twenty four lives. 最近发生的一起暴力事件造成24人死亡。A half-hour daily walk can be more beneficial than one hard bout of exercise a week. 每天散步半小时会比一周剧烈运动一次对身体更有益。3. N-COUNT拳击比赛；摔跤比赛 A bout is a boxing or wrestling match. Eg This will be his eighth t

23、itle bout in 19 months. 这将是他19个月里的第8次卫冕赛。4. （当about的第一个音节不发音时，有些作家以bout或bout替代about） Some writers use bout or bout to represent about when the first syllable is not pronounced. How bout some coffee?. 来点儿咖啡吗？Eg I just felt the need to write bout it, I guess. 我想我就是觉得有必要对此写点儿什么。回合；较量；局；一场比赛Roam：V wande

24、r or travel around it without having a particular purpose. 漫步;漫游;游荡;闲逛synonym： roll，wander，swan，stray，tramp，cast，ramble，rove，range，drift，vagabond gad meanderEG Barefoot children roamed the streets. 光脚丫的孩子们在街上游荡。Theyre roaming around the country shooting at anything that moves. 他们在乡下到处转悠，看到活动的东西就开枪。F

25、armers were encouraged to keep their livestock in pens rather than letting them roam freely. 鼓励农民们把家畜关进栏圈，而不是让它们到处乱跑。1. move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment;The gypsies roamed the woods roving vagabonds the wandering Jew The cattle roam across the pr

26、airie the laborers drift from one town to the next They rolled from town to town seminal：1. ADJ正式 things such as books, works, events, and experiences that have a great influence in a particular field. (书、作品等在某一领域)有重大影响的，影响深eg .the author of the seminal book Animal Liberation. 有着巨大影响的动物解放一书的作者Eg The

27、 reforms have been a seminal event in the history of the NHS. 这些改革已成为英国国民保健制度史上影响深远的一件大事。Pa 3skimming: He had achieved a lot in his field work. What are they?he has made influencial discoveries;he has recorded the Saharas cultural hsitory and has tried to preserve its heritage by persuading to prote

28、ct scientific and cultural sites.Lobby：n. 大厅； 大堂； 前厅 复数：lobbies 过去式：lobbied 过去分词：lobbied 现在分词：lobbying 第三人称单数：lobbies 词条标签：CET6 考研 TOEFL IELTS GRE 1. VERB 向（政府官员、委员会委员等）进行游说（或疏通）to persuade them that a particular law should be changed or that a particular thing should be done. V for/against nEg Care

29、rs from all over the UK lobbied Parliament last week to demand a better financial deal. 英国各地的家庭看护人员上周向议会游说，要求改善经济待遇。Gun control advocates are lobbying hard for new laws. 枪械管制支持者正努力游说通过新法。The union has attacked the plan and threatened to lobby against it.翻译：他对撒哈拉气候的历史作出了重大发现，这些发现正在挑战人们关于世界在变暖的将来可能面临的

30、临界点的假设。Pa 4 Skimming: How did he start his interest in his sense of adventure to the Sahara Dissert?Pa5Scanning: 1.What is the meaning of “Inhospitable” in the first sentence of pa.5?Harsh weather and bad geographical condition.2 How about his attitude to his work?Circumspect, hard-driving leader, g

31、ood at knowledge of geomorphology, archaelogy, human psychology and motomomor mechanics.3 Whats the main idea of pa.5?circumspect英 s:kmspekt adj. FORMAL 谨慎小心的，周到的 慎重的； 小心谨慎； 周到的； 小心的 1.ADJ-GRADED 小心的;谨慎的;谨言慎行的 cautious in what you do and say and do not take risks. Eg The banks should have been more circumspect in their dealings. 那些银行在交易中本该更加谨慎的。Eg You seem to be implying, in your usual circumspect manner, that perhaps it might not be a wonderful idea. 你好像正以你一贯谨言慎行的方式暗示，那个主意也许不怎么样。Adv circumspectly Eg I would suggest that for the time being you behave as circumspectly as possible in political