八级范文.docx
《八级范文.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《八级范文.docx(17页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
八级范文
Unit9Argumentation(6)
FurtherPractice
TEM8-2006(45MIN)
JosephEpstein,afamousAmericanwriter,oncesaid,“Wedecidewhatisimportantandwhatistrivialinlife;wedecide(so)thatwhatmakesussignificantiseitherwhatwedoorwhatwerefusetodo.Butnomatterhowindifferenttheuniversemaybetoourchoicesanddecisions,thesechoicesanddecisionsareourstomake.Wedecide.Wechoose.Andaswedecideandchoose,soareourlivesformed.Intheend,formingourowndestinyiswhatambitionisabout.”
Doyouagreeordisagreewithhim?
Writeanessayofabout400wordsentitled:
OnAmbition.
Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.
Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.
HowtoWrite
I.Understandingtheinstructionoftheassignment
ReadthepassagequotedintheinstructionandboildownitsMAINPROPORSITION(andMINORPROPORSITIONSifpossible).
II.Organizingtheideas
A.TheMAINPROPORSITIONinthethesisstatement
TheMAINPROPORSITIONoftheargumentativeessaytobewrittenistheresponsetotheMAINPROPORSITIONofthequotedpassage,e.g.:
Iagree(disagree)withJosephEpsteinandbelievethat....
B.TwoorthreeMINORPROPORSITIONSinthetopicsentences
TheMINORPROPORSITIONSshouldbebuiltonthebasisoftheMAINPROPORSITION.SometimestheyaretheresponsetotheMINORPROPORSITIONSofthequotedpassage.
C.Refertothefollowingpattern:
I.Introduction
Hereyougive:
a)thetitleofthequotedpassage,
b)thenameoftheauthorand/orthesourceofthequotedpassage,(ifthereare,)
c)themainideaofthequotedpassage(averybriefsummary)and
d)YOURmainproposition(thethesisstatement)
II.Body
Ineachparagraph,yougive:
a)Thepointyouaretoanalyze,
b)NESSARYdetailsordirectquotesdemonstratingthatthepointismadeintheoriginal(optional),
c)Yourresponsetothispoint(i.e.theTOPICSENTENCE),whichstatesyouragreementordisagreementwithit,and
d)ThesupportforYOURresponsefromdetailsorexamples.
III.Conclusion:
Yourefertothequotedpassageandpointouttheessenceoftheoriginalmainargumentforemphasis.Youbringupanideayouhaveprovedinyouressay,onethatyouressayleadsto,ortheonethatdeepensyourmainidea.
TestSample
Agreement
OnAmbition
NowhereisthewordambitionsovividlyandaccuratelydefinedthaninJosephEpstein'scommentthat"Intheend,formingourowndestinyiswhatambitionisabout."Acosmeticdefinitionasitseems,however,Epstein'swordscan,onthewhole,beinterpretedandsummarizedintoonesentence:
tobeambitiousistostriveforourownpersonalgoalssetuponourownvaluesregardlessofthepossibleoutcomeandcontroversy.Inotherwords,thetwoindispensablepartsofambitioninclude;firstly,makingyourownuniquetargets;secondly,persistinginachievingtheseaimswithoutbeingdistractedbyothers'ridiculeandscorn.
Tobeginwith,visualizingyourpersonalgoalsinsteadofdriftingamongthemassis,undoubtedly,theveryprerequisiteofthefulfillmentofyouraims.Thereasonforthisissimple.Weourselvesarethebestjudgesofourcapabilitiesandpotentials.AndthesamevoiceisechoedinEpsteinswordsthat"wedecide,whatisimportantandwhatistrivialinlife."MadamCurriecouldneverhaveachievedsomanyhonorsandbreakthroughsinscienceandthediscoveryofRadiumifshetookthesamepathasmajorityofthewomeninhertime.Itwasherdecisiontodevotehertimeandenergytosciencenothouseholdchoresthatmadeherstandoutsoprominently.Ontheotherhand,shemighthavebeenjustasplainandmundaneasotherwomenifshedidnotmatchherselfwithherpersonalaspirationsandgoals.Therefore,havingyourowngoalsisessentialtotherealizationofambition.
Thenthereistheissueofhowoneshouldpursuethesegoals.AgainEpsteingaveaperfectexplanationthat"Butnomatterhowindifferenttheuniversemaybetoourchoicesanddecisions,thesedecisionsandchoicesareourstomake."Anexcellentstatement.Therearetimeswhenwegiveupourbeliefsandaimssimplybecauseofadifferentperspectiveofsomeoneelse,andtherearedefinitelydayswhenwefeelfrustratedandbeateninfaceofscathingscornfromtheworld.YetEpsteinshowsusahigherpathonwhichweareencouragedtosticktoourwaysandendureinspiteofallpossiblecriticismandindifference.Andhistoryhasprovedsomanytimesthatpersistenceregardlessofhardshipandridiculewinsusvictory.Thusitissafetosaythatpersistenceandafirmbeliefofselfisanintegralpartofambition.
Ofcourse,JosephEpstein'squotationisdefinitelyricherincontentandintendedmessagesthanwhatIhaveillustratedanddevelopedabove,however,theessenceofhissaying,thatambitionisofourownchoosingandthatweoughttoholdfasttoitwillmakeitswaythroughclosescrutinyandprevail.
(457words)
Score20
此文被八级阅卷组评为满分,并有如下评语:
遣词造句准确,词汇句式丰富,结构合理。
文章的开头开门见山,起首第一句就表明了作者的观点,并从分析JosephEpstein的原话人手,导出下文论述的内容,显得非常自然。
第二、三段的正文论述中,作者在恰当的地方顺势插入JosephEpstein的原话,文章的结尾再次归结到JosephEpstein,以此来点题,从而使得文章紧紧围绕着题解的内容展开。
文章的逻辑结构非常清晰,这表明作者充分理解了题解中说的JosephEpstein那段话的含义。
本文的语言运用尤其值得称道,不仅词汇句式丰富,而且行文流畅自然,显示出作者有着深厚的语言功底。
这篇作文实属少见的优秀作文,值得大家学习和借鉴。
AStudent’sSample
Disagreement
OnAmbition
Onsayingthatourambitiondecidesourdestiny,JosephEpsteinisjusttryingtoestablishanotherdefinitionofAmericanDreamthatthosewillingenoughtochoosetheirdestinywillaccomplishit.Maybepeopleasambitiousandinnocentas“greatGatsby”willbelievethis,butonexaminingthisbeliefcarefullyandcheckingthefatefinallyfellonthosepeople,weareprompttosaythatitisnottrue,simplyforthefactthatlifedoesnotnaturallyfollowone’swillandthereisanothermightyhandformingourdestiny:
theenvironment.
Firstly,therealityoflifeandhistorytellusthathowoftenourdestinyhasrepelledagainstourambitionandhowitdespisesourambition.Inhistory,itisreasonabletoassumethatmorethanhundredsofkingsorconquerors,orotherdistinguishedmembersofhumanbeingshavetheambitiontoconquerthewholeworldandletthatconquestlastforever,butinreality,onlyCaesar,AlexanderandNapoleonhavepartlyaccomplishedthefirstpartofthisambitionandastothesecondpart,ithasyetbeen,untilnow,a“missionimpossible”.Noonewilldenythisambitionisstrong,greatandinspiringenough,butstillmanyamongthosewhopossessthisambitionhasendedupaslosers,tyrantsortheworst,beggars.IwonderhowqueerwouldJosephEpsteinfound,thatthesamewonderfulambitioncouldhaveproducedsoamazinglydifferentdestinies.
Ontheotherhand,noonewillbeasdaringasMr.JosephSteintoignoreanotherdecisivefactorformingourdestiny,ourenvironment.Ifourambitionisthebeacon,thenourenvironmentistheoceanwesailon.Onlybystaringatthebeaconbutignoringandtheroofsaroundourboat,wecanhardlyreachourdestination,wherethebeaconstands.AmbitiousNapoleoncouldconquertheEuropeofhistime,butifplacedinthesameenvironmentoftoday,hecouldhardlyforcethepeopletheretoacceptsimplyanEldconstitution.SohereMr.JosephSteinhastobe,again,disappointed.
FeelingdeeplyinsultedmaybeSirJosephSteinwillgiveouthislastpresumptivelyfatalstrike:
wherethereisanambition,thereisaway;withoutambition,onecanhardlyfindhisway.Undersuchcircumstances,Ihavetogivemyown“anti-presumptively-fatal-strike”Thereisalwaysaway,butwhetheritleadstolifeordeath,nononeknows;“Theway”doesnotusuallymeanthestraightlinecollectingyourambitionandyourpresentlocation,andyourambitionisnotachievedbystaringatitanddecidingtoreachit,norisyourdestiny.
Soherecomesourconclusionthatourdestinydoesnotcomebeforeusaswehaveplannedittobe,forthereisanotherunignorableelementirresistiblyformingourlife,whichistheenvironmentwelivein.Tobe,ortobewhat,thatisaquestion;yethowtobe,orwhatitis,thatisanotherquestion,whichisnotonlydecidedbyourselves,butalsobyenvironment.
After-ClassAssignments(45Mins)
I.Inhisfamous“Autobiography,”BenjaminFranklinprescribed“industry”as“losenotime;bealwaysemployedinsomethinguseful;cutoffallunnecessaryactions.”Hewentontosaythatindustry“freeingmefrommyremainingdebt,andproducingaffluenceandindependence,wouldmakemoreeasythepracticeof”othervirtues.
WouldFranklin’spreceptofindustrystillworktoday?
Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewithhim?
Writeanessayofabout400wordsandelaborateyourpointbyusingyourownorother’sexperiencesasevidence.
Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.
Youshouldsupplyatitletoyouressay.
Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.
II.Inhisessay“Nature”,RalphW.Emersonclaimedhisage“retrospective”andsaid:
“TheforegoinggenerationsbeheldGodandnaturefacetoface;we,throughtheireyes.Whyshouldnotwealsoenjoyanoriginalrelationtotheuniverse?
Whyshouldnotwehaveapoetryandphilosophyofinsightandnotoftradi