中考宾语从句讲解与练习.docx
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中考宾语从句讲解与练习
中考宾语从句讲解与练习
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。
根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
1)连接词+谓语。
连接词在从句中作主语。
常见的连接词有:
who,what,which等。
:
Couldyoutellmewhoknowstheanswer,please?
你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
Thesmallchildrendon'tknowwhatisintheirstockings这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语。
连接词在从句中作主语的定语。
常见的连接词有:
whose,what,which,howmany,howmuch等。
如:
Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebestinourclass.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
Theteacheraskedushowmanypeopletherewereintheroom.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3)连接词+主语+谓语。
连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。
常见的连接词有:
who(m),what,which,howmany,howmuch,when,why,how,where,if/whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。
如:
Hehasn'tdecidedifhe'llgoonatriptoWuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
CouldyoutellmewhatIshoulddowiththemoney?
你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。
连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。
常见的连接词有:
what,which,howmany,howmuch,how等。
如:
Doyouknowwhichclassheisin?
你知道他在哪个班吗?
5)在选择疑问句中,或与ornot连用时,必须用whether而不能用if。
变宾语从句需要注意以下几点:
A. 时态变化:
主句是一般现在时,从句可以是任何时态
主句是过去时,从句必须是过去时态的一种
主句是将来时,从句必须是一般现在时。
B.人称变化:
不常用如:
Heaskedme.“Areyouateacher?
”
HeaskedmeifIwasateacher。
C.语序变化:
WhereisMike?
Doyouknow?
DoyouknowwhereMikeis?
6)当动词think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时,其否定通常转移到主语:
Idon'tsupposethatitistrue.我认为那不是真的。
Idon'timaginethathewillcome.我想他不会来的。
Idon'tthinkweneedwastemuchtimeonit.我想我们不必在这上面花太多时间
7)当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时,通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it,而将真正的宾语从句移至句末:
Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.我认为你最好住这儿。
Hehasn’tmadeitknownwhenheisgoingtogetmarried.他还没宣布他何时结婚。
Exercise
1. Hesaid.Theboyisacleverboy
2. Heissure.Histeamcanbeatthem
3. Hewasafraid.Itwillbewindytomorrow.
4. Hesaid.Thelostbookwasfounded.
5. Hehopes Hewillbeabletopasstheexam.
6. HeaskedWhen will thebusarrive?
7. MotheraskedhersonWhosepenareyouusing?
8. Thechildrensaid….. weenjoy ourselvesverymuch.
9. Theboyaskedme…..Haveyouheardanynoisefromoutside?
10. DoyouknowWhichwaymustwetaketo?
11. Idon’tknow…..Whyishelateforthemeeting?
12. Doyouremember…Whendidhedie?
13. Nobodyknows…Whenwillhecomeback?
14. Doyouknow…Whataretheylookingfor?
15. Heaskedme…Howlongdoesittaketowalktoschool?
16. Fatheraskedme…Whatiswrongwithyou?
17. Ididn’tknow…Heisgoingtohaveaboy.
18. Theyneverasked…Willitbeaboyoragirl?
19. Hedidn’tknow…populationisabigproblem.
20. Ithought…Hewillcomebacksoon.
21. Heaskedme…WhichTVprogramwillyouwatch?
22. Idon’tknow…Willitgrowfast?
23. Lilyasked…Canthemanhelpthem
24. Motherasked Dotheyhaveacheaperone?
25. SheaskedLucy…Doyouneedsomemoretea?
26. Theteacheraskedus…Doyouhaveanyquestions?
27. Heasked… WhatdidLucysay?
28. Shedidn’tknow… Whowasintheroom?
29. Theywantedknow…Whatisinthestockings?
30. Heasked… Whatishispresent?
31. Heasked…DidJimhaveagoodjourneyhome?
32. Hewantedtoknow…WasitwarminMoscow?
33. Heasked…WhereisJack?
34. Hewantedtoknow…Whathashappened?
35. Heasked…Isanybodyhurt?
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读理解
Oneyear,acollegeintheUnitedStatesannouncedthatitwouldofferalotofmoneyforthepurewhitemarigold(金盏花).Thehighrewardattractedsomanypeople,butinthenature,besidesgolden,themarigoldisbrown,anditisnoteasytogetthewhiteone.Soaftertheywereexcitedforatime,manypeoplehadforgottentheannouncement.
Onenormaldayafter20years,thecollegereceivedaletterand100seedsofpurewhitemarigold.Itwasanoldwomanofover70yearsold.Someexpertsinthecollegedoubtedit,butinordernottoletherdown,thoseseedsfinallytookroot(根)intheearth.Themiracleappearedafteroneyear;thefieldwascoveredbypurewhitemarigold.
Therefore,theoldwomanwhowasalwaysunknowntothepublicbecameanewfocus.
Theoldwomanwasaflower-lover.Whenshereadtheannouncement20yearsago,shegotveryexcitedlikeothers.Buthereightchildrenweretotallyagainstherdecision.Afterall,awomanwhoneverknewtheseedgenetics(遗传学)couldn'tcompletewhattheexpertscouldneverdo,soherthoughtwasonlyadaydream.
Still,theoldwomandidn'tchangehermindandwentonworking.Sheplantedsomeofthemostcommonseedsandtookgoodcareofthem.Ayearlater,whenthemarigoldcameout,shechoseonefaintest(最暗淡的)fromthosegoldenandbrownflowersandgotthebestseed.Thenextyear,sheagaingrewthemandchose...Dayafterday,yearafteryear,throughmanyseasons,theoldwoman'shusbanddied,herchildrenflewfar,alotofthingshappenedinherlife,butonlythewishtogrowthepurewhitemarigoldtookrootinherheart.
Finally,after20yearsonthedayweallknow,inthegardenshesawamarigold,whichwasnearlywhite,butaswhiteassilverorsnow.
Aproblemevenexpertscouldn'tdealwithwassolvedbyanoldwomanwhodidn'tunderstandgenetics.Wasitamiracle (奇迹)?
Totakerootintheheart,eventhemostcommonseed,cangrowintoamiracle!
(1)Accordingtothepassage,_____marigoldisunusual.
A. white
B. purple
C. brown
D. golden
(2)Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat___________.
A. thechildrendidn'tagreeontheirmother'sdecision
B. thewomanneededthegreatrewardforherbigfamily
C. theexpertsalsosucceededingrowingthewhitemarigold
D. thewomantookgoodcareoftheflowersinsteadofherfamily
(3)Thewomansuccessfullygrewthewhitemarigoldatlastbecauseshe______
A. wasluckierthanexperts
B. putherheartintoflowers
C. gotsupportfromherfamily D. studiedtheseedgeneticswell
(4)Thepassagemainlytalksabout_______.
A. thedifficultiesofgettingthewhitemarigold
B. thepossibilityofgoingbeyondexperts
C. theunforgettabledevelopmentofmarigold
D. theimportanceofholdingontodreams
【答案】
(1)A
(2)A
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了关于金盏花的故事。
介绍了老妇人坚持梦想的重要性。
(1)A细节理解题。
根据Oneyear,acollegeintheUnitedStatesannouncedthatitwouldofferalotofmoneyforthepurewhitemarigold(金盏花).可知白色的金盏花是不寻常的,故选A。
(2)A细节理解题。
根据Buthereightchildrenweretotallyagainstherdecision.可知老妇人的八个孩子反对老妇人的决定。
根据句意,故选A。
(3)B细节理解题。
根据Finally,after20yearsonthedayweallknow,inthegardenshesawamarigold,whichwasnearlywhite,butaswhiteassilverorsnow.可知最后,20年后的一天我们都知道,在花园里,她看到了一个金盏花,这几乎是白色的,但白色或雪。
因为她用心地种植这些种子,故选B。
(4)D综合理解题。
此篇文章主要是为了说明坚持梦想的重要性。
故选D。
2.根据表格所提供的信息选择最佳答案。
TheVolunteersfortheIceandSnowFestival
Name
Item
Jack
DuYue
Mike
ZhangNa
Age
25
28
31
28
Nationality
American
Chinese
English
Chinese
Job
Coach
Nurse
Singer
Tourguide
Personality
Friendly
Quiet
Humorous
Outgoing
Volunteeringexperience(s)
HelpingduringtheCityAtFestivalin2016
Volunteeringatananimalhospitalin2013and2015
Teachingchildrenmusicatschoolinthecountryside
Workingatananimalcarecentretwice
WordBox:
item项目;personality性格
(1)JackhelpedduringtheCityArtFestival .
A. in2013
B. in2015
C. in2016
(2)Mikeis ZhangNa.
A. threeyearsolderthan
B. asoldas
C. threeyearsyoungerthan
(3)DuYueandZhangNa .
A. havesimilarvolunteeringexperiences
B. comefromdifferentcountries
C. havethesamepersonality
(4)IfsomeoneishurtduringtheIceandSnowFestival, maybethemostsuitabletohelp.
A. Jack
B. DuYue
C. Mike
(5)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheform(表格)above?
A. Mikewhotaughtchildrenmusicishumorous.
B. ThetwogirlsvolunteeredattheOlympics.
C. JackfromEnglandisatourguide.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)A
(4)B
(5)A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了冰雪节的一些志愿者信息。
(1)细节题。
根据Jack这一竖排中HelpingduringtheCityArtFestivalin2016,可知在2016年帮助常识艺术家,故选C。
(2)细节题。
根据Age这一横排中可知Mike年龄是31岁,ZhangNa年龄是28岁,Mike比ZhangNa大3岁,故选A。
(3)细节题。
根据Volunteeringexperience(s)这一横排中可知DuYue和ZhangNa可知她们都在宠物医院工作过,所以她们有相似的工作经验,故选A。
(4)细节题。
根据Job这一栏可知DuYue工作是护士,所以在冰雪节有人受伤时她可以帮助,故选B。
(5)细节题。
根据Mike这一竖排Teachingchildrenmusicatschoolinthecountryside和Humorous可知Mike在学校教孩子音乐,并且性格是幽默的,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
3.阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Meiyu,bornin1995,isfromTurkey(土耳其).Sheistheyoungestchildofherfamily.Afterhighschool,manypeoplelearnedEnglishorJapanese,butMeiyudecidedtolearnChineseinuniversity.ShelearnedChineseforfouryearsinAnkaraUniversityinTurkey,andgothernameMeiyuthere.
MeiyufellinlovewithChineseaftergoingtouniversity.ShebecamemoreinterestedaftersheknewmoreaboutChinesehistory.Shegraduated(毕业)fromAnkaraUniversityin2017.Sincethen,moreChinesehavebeenvisitingTurkey.ThetradebetweenthetwocountriesalsoneedsChinese-speakingpeople."SpeakingChinesemeansmorejobopportunities"saidMeiyu.
NowMeiyuhasbeeninWuhan,Chinaforabouttwoyears.BesidesgoingonstudyingChinese,sheshowsgreatinterestinChinesekungfuaswell,soshespendsherfreetimeonkungfutrainingwithhercoaches.Notonlycankungfuhelpimprove(改善)herhealth,butsheisalsointerestedinthehistoryandculturebehindit.Meiyusaid,"ThemoreIknowaboutChina,theluckierIfeeltohavebeenhere.Butthetruthisthatfunandpa