100所名校学年福建省宁德市一级达标中学高二下学期期中英语试题解析版.docx
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100所名校学年福建省宁德市一级达标中学高二下学期期中英语试题解析版
2017-2018学年宁德市一级达标中学高二下学期期中
英语
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第I卷(选择题)
评卷人
得分
一、阅读理解
A
BOOTSANDHEARTS2018
TICKETINFORMATION
AfterapurchaseyouwillreceiveaconfirmationemailfromEventbriteonbehalfofBootsandHearts.
NoelectronicticketswillbeissuedforBootsandHearts.Alladmissionticketpurchaserswillreceivetheirfestivalwristbandsandcampingcertificatesbypost.
Ifyouarehavinganyothertechnicalissuewithyourorder,clickwww.bootsandhearts.comtocontactEventbrite.
Orderscannotbeseparatedoncepurchased-theentireorderwillbeprovidedtotheaccountholder.
Ifyouarecurrentlyundertheageofl8,youwouldneedyourparentsorsomeoneovertheageof18topurchasethetickets.
NOTES
AllBootsandHeartsticketpurchasesarefinalsales,norefundsorexchanges.
DON’Tdamage,stretch,cutorchangeyourwristbandinanyway.Alteredwristbandswillbeofnouseandthebearerwillbelikelytobeforcedout.
Fulleventwristbandscannotbeshared(i.e.differentpeopleusingthemondifferentdays).Performersandtheprogramschedulearesubjecttochangewithoutnotice.Thefestivaltakesplacerainorshine.
TENTCANPSITERULES
CampingopensWednesday,August8that12:
00p.m.Anyvehiclearrivingbeforethegateopentimeswillbeturnedaway.
Tentcampsitesarestrictlyfortents.TenttrailersofsimilarmustpurchaseanRVcampsite.Eachcampsiteoffersparkingforoneregularsizedvehicle(smallerthana12-passengervan).
Campsiteswillcomfortablyaccommodate4-6people,withmaximumof8peoplepersite.CampsitepricesarepercampsitefortheentireeventandNOTperperson.
Petsandotheranimalsarenotallowedonthefestivalgroundsandinthecampingareas.STILLHAVEANYQUESTION?
PleasevisitourFAQpageorcontactBootsandHearts.
1.Thepassagesuggeststhatwristbands.
A.maybeboughtatadiscount
B.canbesharedwithothers
C.shouldbewellprotected
D.willbereturnedtosellers
2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Alltheticketswillbesenttobuyersbyemail.
B.Eachcampsitecanbeaccommodatedfor8peopleatleast.
C.Thefestivalwillnotbeheldasscheduledunlessthefineweather.
D.Vehiclesarenotallowedtoenterthecampsiteuntil12:
00p.m,August8th.
3.Whatisthetypeofthewriting?
A.Anadvertisement
B.Aneventnotice
C.Anewsreport
D.Aprogramlist
B
Weoftenthinkthatouraffairs,greatorsmall,mustbetendedcontinuouslyandindetail,orourworldwillbreakapart,andwewillloseourplacesinheuniverse.Thatis.nottrue,orifitistrue,thenoursituationsweresotemporarythattheywouldhavecollapsed(崩溃}anyway..
Onceayearorsolgetawayforaday.Ontheeveofmydayofabsence,Iinformhousemates,myfamilyandclosefriendsthatIwillnotbereachablefortwenty-fourhours;thenIdisconnectthetelephone.Isitforatleastanhourinaveryhotbathtub;thenIlayoutmyclothesinpreparationformymorningescape,andknowingthatnothingwilldisturbme,Isleepwell.
OnthemorningIwakenaturally,forIwillhavesetnoclock,norinformedmybodytimepiecewhenitshouldalarm.Idressincomfortableshoesandcasualclothesandleavemyhousegoingnoplace.IfIamlivinginacity,Iwanderstreets,window-shop,orstareatbuildings.Ienterandleavepublicparks,libraries,andtheatres.Istayinnoplaceforverylong.
Everypersonneedstotakeonedayaway.Adayinwhichoneconsciously,separatesthepastfromthefuture.Jobs,familyandfriendscanexistonedaywithoutanyoneofus.Eachpersondeservesthedayinwhichnoproblemsarefacedupto,nosolutionssearchedfor,Weneedhoursofaimlesswanderingorsittingonparkbenches,observingthemysteriousworldofants.
Ifwestepawayforatime,wearenot,asmany.maythink,beingirresponsible,butratherwearepreparingourselvestomoreablyperformourduties.WhenIreturnhome,JamalwayssurprisedtofindsomequestionsIsoughttoevadehadbeenansweredandsomeentanglements(瓜葛)Ihadhopedtofleehadbecomeseparatedoutinmyabsence.Adayawaycanhelpdriveawaythebitterness,transformhesitation,andrenewthespirit.
4.Whydoestheauthorlayouthisclothesthenightbeforehisdayaway?
A.Hewillnotforgetwhatheshouldwear.
B.Heisabletosleeplateinthemorning.
C.Hecanbedressedasstylishlyaspossible.
D.Hegetsreadyforthejourneyinthemorning.
5.Thewordscasual,wander,andstareinParagraph3suggestafeelingof.
A.determination
B.mystery
C.confusion
D.relaxation
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"evade"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
A.Consider
B.Avoid
C.Decide
D.Raise
7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Topersuadereaderstotakesometimeforthemselves.
B.Toentertainreaderswithastoryofanunusualday.
C.Toshowhowtospendadayawayfromhome.
D.Todescribewhatitisliketorediscoveracity.
C
Greenspaceswithinandaroundcityschoolsimprovethementaldevelopmentofyoungchildren,astudyhasfound.The.findingsmaypartlybeexplainedbyreducedexposuretotrafficpollution,expertsbelieve.Otherinfluencescouldincludethepsychologicaleffectofhavingviewsoffieldsandtreesratherthanroadsandbuildings.
TheSpanishresearchersfoundeachdegreeofincreaseinsurroundinggreennessledtoa5%improvementinthedevelopmentofshort-term,orworkingmemoryoveraperiodofoneyear.Italsoimprovedtheprogressof"superiorworkingmemory”—theabilitytoupdatememories.withchanginginformation—by6%,andreducedinattentiveness.Computeranalysissuggestedthatcarbonfromtrafficmightaccountforupto65%ofthetrend.
Theresearcherscarriedoutmentalperformancetestson2,593childrenattending36primaryschoolsinBarcelonaeverythreemonthsforayear.Overthestudyperiod,participants’workingmemoryincreasedbyanaverageof22.8%,andsuperiorworkingmemoryby15.2%,whileinattentivenessdecreasedby18.9%.
Theresearcherswrote,"Approximatelyonehalfoftheworldpopulationlivesincities,andby2030,threeinfivepersonswillliveinurbanareasworldwide,Urbanareasareanetworkofnon-naturalbuilt-upstructureswithincreasedpollutantlevelsandlessgreenenvironments.Children’sexposuretothesepollutantshasbeenassociatedwithharmfulimpactsontheirmentaldevelopment.Ourfindingssuggestabeneficialimpactofgreenspacesexposureonmentaldevelopment."
Britishexpertssaidthestudywasinteresting,butpointedoutsomelimitations.ProfessorAndyJones,fromNorwichmedicalschool,said,“Themeasureofgreenspaceusedwasthenumberofplantsintheneighborhoodsofthechildrenandtheirschools.Itwasnotadirectmeasureofusablegreenspaces,likepublicparks,althoughtheywillbeincluded."DrRossCameron,attheUniversityofSheffield,said,“Theauthorssuggestacausallinkbetweenairqualityandgreenspace.Theyadmit,however,thatthisfactoronlyseemstoexplainpartoftheircorrelations(相互关系),”
8.TheSpanishresearchers’studyshowsthattheincreaseinsurroundinggreenness
A.madestudentsbecomefondofstudying.
B.developedstudents’levelofintelligence
C.couldchangestudents’habitofmemorizing
D.developedstudents’abilitytoupdateinformation
9.Whatismostrelatedtothefindingsaccordingtothecomputeranalysis?
A.Architecturaldesign.
B.Lessexposuretotrafficpollution.
C.Psychologicaleffectofseeinggreenfields.
D.Adecreaseinthenumberofbuildingsandroads.
10.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,theresearchersstressed.
A.thevarietyoffuturecities
B.theuncertaintyofthecitypopulation
C.theimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment
D.thenecessityofincreasinggreenspacesincities
11.Britishexperts’attitudetowardsthestudyis
A.positive
B.objective
C.doubtful
D.uncaring
D
Self-drivingcarsarejustaroundthecorner.Suchvehicleswillmakegettingfromoneplacetoanothersaferandlessstressful.Theyalsocouldcutdownontraffic,reducepollutionandlimitaccidents.Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandleemergencies?
Peopledisagreeontheanswer.
Tounderstandthechallenge,imagineacarsuddenlymeetssomepedestriansintheroad.It’stoolatetoavoidacrash.Sothecar’sartificialintelligencemustdecidewhethertoswerve(急转弯),Tosavethepedestrians,shouldthecarswerveofftheroadorswerveintooncomingtraffic:
?
Whatifsuchoptions:
wouldlikelykillthecar’sdriver?
Researchersusedonlinesurveytostudypeople’sattitudesaboutsuchsituationswithdriverlesscars.Surveyparticipantsmostlyagreedautomatedcarsshouldbedesignedtoprotectthemostpeople.Thatincludedswervingintowallstosavealargernumberofpedestrians.However,thosesamesurveyedwanttorideincarsthatprotectpassengersatallcosts-evenifthepedestrianswouldnowendupdying.Jean-FrancoisBonnefon,apsychologistattheToulouseSchoolofEconomics,andhiscolleaguesreportedtheirfindingsinScience.
“Automatedcarscanrevolutionizetransportation,saysstudycoauthorIyadRahwan.Butheadds,thisnewtechnologycreatesamoral(道德的)dilemmathatcouldslowitsacceptance.
Makersofcomputerizedcarsareatalossforwhattodonext.Mostbuyerswouldwanttheircarstobeprogrammedtoprotecttheminpreferencetootherpeople.However,regulationsmightonedayinstructthatcarsmustactforthegreatergood.Butthescientiststhinkruleslikethiscoulddriveawaybuyers,Ifso,allt