奥鹏北京语言大学21春《阅读IV》作业3doc.docx

奥鹏北京语言大学21春《阅读IV》作业3doc.docx

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奥鹏北京语言大学21春《阅读IV》作业3doc

1.We'relate.Iexpectthefilm____bythetimewegettothecinema.

A.hadalreadystarted  B.havealreaystarted  C.willalreadyhavestarted  D.havealreadybeenstarted  

【参考答案】:

C

2.____wasnotthewaytheeventhappened.

A.Whichthepressreported  B.Thatthepressreported  C.Whatdidthepressreport  D.Whatthepressreported  

【参考答案】:

D

3.Thestorywassaidtohavebeenbasedontheinformationfromareliable____.

A.source  B.foundation  C.origin  D.basis  

【参考答案】:

A

4.AlsoservingtoproduceadistinctiveusagewasthepracticeofdistinguishingasonfromafatherbytheuseofJunior.ThistypicallyAmericanpracticebeganinthemiddleoftheeighteenthcenturywhenmostgentlemenhadsomeknowledgeofLatinandwerefamiliarwiththeuseofthetermJunior,translatedoftenintoEnglishas"theyounger,"asappliedtosuchLatinworthiesasCatoandPliny.Thepracticewassowellestablishedby1776thatthreesignersoftheDeclarationaddedtheJr.Agai.Britishcustomhasbeendifferent;thesecondofapairofgreatstatesmenisknownasWilliamPitt,theyounger.Stillanotherimportantmovementbeginningaround1750wastheriseofthenameCharles.Earlier,CharlesishardlyfoundatallinNewEngland,andisrareintheothercolonies.Afterthatitsgrowthwasnotonlysteadybutevenspectacular.By1850ithadbecomeoneofthecommonestnames,andithasremainedclosetothetopsincethattime.Itscuriousnickname,Chuck,istypicallyAmerican.AlmostatanequalpacewiththeriseofCharles,theuseofBiblicalnames,eveninNewEngland,begantofalloff.Ebenezer,andevenSamuelandBenjamin,cametohaveaboutthemanold-fashionedaura.Thefactsareclearenough;thecausesremainobscure.Immigrationprobablyhadlittletodowithsuchchanges.Englishinfluence,attheideallevel,mayhavehelpedthegrowthofCharles.Duringthesesamedecadesthenamewasincreasinginpopularitythere,whereSirCharlesGrandisonwasamuchreadnovelandBoniePrinceCharliehadgiventhenamearenewedvogueamongthosewhostillheldsentimentallytotheStuarts.ButmostoftheothernewdevelopmentsseemtobewhollynativeandeventoruncountertoBritishpractice.Question:

TheuseofnameofCharles________.

A.waspopularbeforethemiddleoftheeighteenthcentury  B.begantobenoticeableinNewEnglandintheearlyeighteenthcentury  C.wasspectacularlypopularbythemiddleofthenineteenthcentury  D.islesspopularnowthanbefore  

【参考答案】:

C

5.Smithistostudymedicineassoonashe____militaryservice.

A.willfinish  B.hasfinished  C.finishes  D.wouldfinish  

【参考答案】:

C

6.Itisnoteasy____theanswertothedifficultmathproblem.

A.tofigureout  B.figuringout  C.figureout  D.beingfiguredout  

【参考答案】:

A

7.Hiscarelessness____herfailureintheexams.

A.resultedfrom  B.resulted  C.resultedin  D.resultedto  

【参考答案】:

C

8.Youmighthave____theaccidentifyouhadhadyourheadlightson.

A.missed  B.avoided  C.escaped  D.dismissed  

【参考答案】:

B

9.You____abletospeakEnglishsowellifyouhadn'tbeenpractisinghard.

A.arenot  B.cannotbe  C.wouldn'tbe  D.wouldhavebeen  

【参考答案】:

C

10.Ifthesun____inthewest,Iwouldfollowyou.

A.weretorise  B.wastorise  C.hadrisen  D.wouldrise  

【参考答案】:

A

11.Tocreateasupercell,takeastormwherewindspeedincreaseswithheight,whilewinddirectionveers;asituationinwhichupdraughtsanddowndraughtswithinthethunderstormcansupporteachother'sexistenceratherthancanceleachotherout.Itisaswindsblowintothisturbulentregionfromthreetofivekilometersupthatalow-pressuresectionofthestormmaybegintorotate.Therotationofthispartofthestorm（knownasamesocyclone）causestheairpressuretofallsomemore,promptingwindlowerdowntoflowintothestormandspeedupupwards.Thiscreatesaspinningupdraughtwhichhigh-levelwindsinthestormcanboostinthesamewaythatwindblowingacrossthetopofachimneydoeswondersfordrawingupanopenfire.You'renotyetlookingatatornado,thoughifyou'rewatchingthisparticularstormdevelopyoumightstartlookingforagetawaycar—especiallyifthestormbeginstochangeshape.Whenmid-toupper-levelwindsupwindofthestormencounterthesupercell,someareforcedtodetourroundit.Theyconvergeagaindownwind,mouldingthestormcloudsintoanominousanvil-shapeintheprocess.Butwhilesomewindgoesroundthemesocyclone,somerunsfullsquareintothismeteorologicalbrickwallandisforceddownward,creatinga"rearflankdowndraught"（RFD）whichmanyexpertsbelieveiswhatmakesorbreaksatornadicstorm.It'swhenanRFDtriestoswingaroundthebaseofthestorm,narrowingtheareaofwindflowingintotheupdraughtandincreasingitsspin（inthesamewayfigureskaterswhentheirarmsarepulledin）thatyoumightwanttogetintoyourgetawaycar.Ifyou'reanywherebeneathwhirlingpieceofmeteorologicalgiveandtake—afunnelcloud—youareinabad,dangerousplaceknowntostormchasersas"thebearcage".It'swhere,ifthefunnelcloudsticksaroundlongenoughfortheupdraughttotouchdownonterrafirma,youwillfindyourselfontheinsideofatornado.Question:

Whenthestormrotates,________.

A.airpressurewillgoonincreasing  B.itstartsfromthelow-pressuresection  C.windwilljointhestorminsettinganopenfire  D.anupdraughtwillbereplacedbyadowndraught  

【参考答案】:

B

12.Americansarepoundoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,whetheritistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?

Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian（百姓的）clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsuniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentity（身份）thantostepoutofuniform?

Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.Theyaretax-deductible（可减税的）.Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendtothink,speak,andactsimilarly,onthejobatleast.Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitialexpenseisgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.Question:

Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe____.

A.UniformsandSociety  B.TheImportanceofWearingaUniform  C.PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniform  D.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniforms  

【参考答案】:

D

13.Thenoticewaswritteninseverallanguages____foreigntouristsshouldmisunderstandit.

A.sothat  B.lest  C.if  D.otherwise  

【参考答案】:

B

14.Afterthisfirstburstofcreativeenergy,theAmericanswentalong,NorthandSouth,foraboutacenturywithlittlechangeintheirnaming-habits.BiblicalnamescontinuedtogivecolorinNewEngland,butelsewhereitwasparticularlytruewithwomen'snames,inthemiddleandsoutherncolonies,andtheexcessiveuseofElizabeth,Ann,Mary,andSarahwasonlysavedbythealsoliberaluseofvariationssuchasBetsy,Sally,Nanny,Nancy,andMolly.ThegreatGermanimmigrationoftheearlyeighteenthcenturyhadsomeinfluence.Johann,oftenshortenedtoHans,wasbyfarthecommonestnameamongtheseGermans,withJocobandHeinrichfollowing.ExceptwherepeoplecontinuedtotalkGerman,thesenameswererapidlyAnglicized,andsoincreasedthepopularityofJohn,Jocob,andHenry.TheScotch-IrishimmigrationalsoexertedaninfluencebybuildingupthealreadypopularJames,andaddingAlexanderandArchibald.About1740theuseofmiddlenamesbegantogrow.ProbablytheGermanshadsomeinfluencehere,fortheygenerally,evenasimmigrants,boretwogivennames,ofwhichthefirstwasusuallyJohann.Anotherstronginfluencewasfamilypride,whichledtothedesiretopreservethemother'sfamilyname.Purelypractical,asthetownsgrewlarger,wastheneedtodistinguishamanmoreclearlyfromothersbearingthesamenames.Oncestarted,thecustomgrewsteadilytopopularityuntilby1850themanwithoutamiddlenamewasinasmallminority,ashehassinceremained.TheuseofthemiddlenamesoonproducedanothertypicalAmericanhabit.Sincethefullsignatureofthreenameswastoolongforpracticalpurposes,menbegantousemerelythemiddleinitial,andeventuallythetypicalAmericanwasJohnQ.Public.InEngland,ontheotherhand,suchaformisnotused.AnEnglishmanhastobeJ.Q.Public,J.QincyPublic,orJohnQuicyPublic.Question:

WhichofthefollowingnameswaspreferredbytheScotch-Irishimmigrantsatfirst?

A.Alexander  B.Archibald  C.James  D.Anglicize  

【参考答案】:

C

15.Butforwater,people____notliveontheearth.

A.can  B.willbeableto  C.make  D.could  

【参考答案】:

D

16.Youngpeopleshouldhavetherighttocontrolanddirecttheirownlearning,thatis,todecidewhattheywanttolearn,andwhen,where,how,howmuch,howfast,andwithwhathe