河南省郑州市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

河南省郑州市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

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河南省郑州市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

河南省郑州市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

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一、阅读选择

It'stimeforfunoutside!

Takeyourbathingsuitandsunscreenandheadtothesesunnyspotsthatofferthebestgetawaysforeveryinterest!

SanJuan,PuertoRico

HeadtothehotcitynightlifeofSanJuan.Topchefs,stylishhotels,bars,clubsandshopsarealljuststepsawayfromthetropicalbeaches.AndsincePuertoRicoisaUnitedStatesCommonwealth,it'soneoftheeasiestislandsintheCaribbeantovisitsinceyouwon'tneedapassport,havetochangemoney,orevenworryaboutyourcellphoneworking.PuertoRicoisalsooneofthebesttropicalvacationsyoucantakewithoutleavingtheUnitedStates.

RivieraMaya,Mexico

What'sbetterthandivingintothesaltysea?

Goingintotheclearandsalt-freewatersofthenaturallyoccurringlimestonecenotes（石灰岩沼穴）oftheRivieraMayaandYucatanPeninsula.Spendasunnydayexploringthesenaturalcavepoolsfilledwithcoolwaterthatspringsfromthegroundbelowandthethickpalmforeststhatsurroundthem.ThenheadbacktotheperfectlylocatedFairmontMayakobaforcomfortableroomsandmodemMexicancuisine.

NewOrleans,Louisiana

NewOrleans'livelynightlifeandlive-musicscenesmake''theBigEasy''agreatgirls'getaway.Andevenifyourcrewisn'tonetoseekouttheboozyBourbonStreetcrawl,there'splentyofamazingfoodintheFrenchQuarter，plentyofshoppingandstrollingintheGardenDistrict.

Clearwater,Florida

Ifyouwanttomeetarealmoviestarwhilealsoenjoyingthesunbath,headtotheGulfshoresofClearwater,Florida.HereyoucanmeetthestarsofDolphinTaleandDolphinTale2,WinterandHope,whoareinresidencefull-timeattheClearwaterMarineAquarium.

1．WhatmakesPuertoRicoaneasytouristspottovisit?

A．ItliesintheCaribbean.B．Nopassportisneeded.

C．It’snearthetropicalbeaches.D．Manytravelservicesareoffered.

2．WhatcanyoudoifyoutraveltoRivieraMaya?

A．Tastevariousfoods.B．Meetsomefamousstars.

C．Diveintothesaltywaters.D．Explorenaturalcavepools.

3．Whichplacewillyouchooseifyouareafilmfan?

A．Clearwater,Florida.B．RivieraMaya,Mexico.

C．SanJuan,PuertoRico.D．NewOrleans,Louisiana.

HarperLeewasanAmericannovelistwidelyknownforToKillaMockingbird,publishedin1960,whichwonthe1961PulitzerPrizeandhasbecomeaclassicofmodernAmericanliterature.The1962filmadaptationstarringGregoryPeckwonthreeAcademyAwards.

Fordecades,thebookwasLee’sonlymajorworkofpublishedfiction,butitwashugelyinfluentialforgenerationsofUSreaders.Ithassoldmorethan10millioncopies,andisoneofthemostwidelytaughtnovelsintheUSschools.In2007shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomforhercontributionstoliterature.

Leewantedtoliveasimplelifeandwasnevercomfortablewiththeattentionthenovelwonher,andshepracticallydisappearedfrompubliclifeafteritappeared.Theworld,however,continuedwaitingforanewnovelfromher,andonoccasionshesuggestedthatshehadastoryinprogress.

In2015,abookdidcomeout.GoSetaWatchmanwasmoreofafirstdraft,featuringScout,theyounggirlwhowasthemaincharacterofToKillaMockingbird.GoSetaWatchmantellsastoryofScoutasanadult.Accusationsarosethatthe89-year-oldLeewasnotabletoagreetothemanuscript’srelease，andthatvariouspartieshadsignedonherbehalf.

ThoughLeemovedtoNewYorkin1949,shespentmanyyearsguardingherprivacy（隐私）inMonroeville,whichservedastheclearinspirationforthesettinginToKillaMockingbird.

In2007,Leesufferedastroke（中风）,butrecoveredandlatersettledinMonroevillepermanentlytocareforhersister,Alice,whodiedin2014.Shewassaidtoeatbreakfasteverymorningatthesamefast-foodspot,andwasfriendlywithherneighbors.ThecountlessAmericansknewheronlythroughherworks，andtheywillundoubtedlymissher.

4．WhatcanbelearnedaboutHarperLeefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A．ShewasregardedthegreatestwriterinAmerica.

B．ShemadegreatcontributionstoAmericanliterature.

C．Sheoncestarredinafilmadaptedfromherownnovel.

D．ShegothernovelswellacceptedinmostAmericanschools.

5．WhydidHarperLeedisappearfrompubliclifeafterherfirstnovelcameout?

A．Shetriedtogetoutofaccusations.

B．Shewantedtowriteanothernovel.

C．Sheintendedtoavoidbeingbothered.

D．Shewasn’tcomfortablewithhernovel’sinfluence.

6．WhatcanwelearnaboutHarperLee’sGoSetaWatchman?

A．Ittellsherownlifestory.

B．Itisadaptedintoafamousfilm.

C．Itwonherlotsofhonorsandawards.

D．Itcontinuesthestoryofherearlierone.

7．WhatcanbeinferredaboutHarperLeefromthelastparagraph?

A．Shediedofastrokein2014.

B．Shewillberememberedforever.

C．Shecaredmuchforherneighbors.

D．Sheledalonelylifeinherlaterlife.

Scientistshavecreatedtheworld'sfirstliving,self-healingrobotsusingstemcells（干细胞）fromfrogs.NamedxenobotsaftertheAfricanclawedfrogfromwhichtheytaketheirstemcells,the''machines''arelessthanamillimeterwide—smallenoughtotravelinsidehumanbodies.Theycanwalkandswim,surviveforweekswithoutfood,andworktogetheringroups.''Theseareentirelynewlifeforms,''saidtheUniversityofVermont,whichconductedtheresearchwithTuftsUniversity'sAllenDiscoveryCenter.

Theresearchersremovedlivingstemcellsfromfrogembryos（胚胎）,andleftthemtohatch.Then,thecellswerecutandreshapedintospecific''bodyforms''designedbyasupercomputer—forms''neverseeninnature''，accordingtoanewsreleasefromtheUniversityofVermont.

Xenobotsevenhaveregenerativeabilities.Whenthescientistsslicedintoonerobot,ithealedbyitselfandkeptmoving.Theydon’tlookliketraditionalrobots-theyhavenoshinyclothingorroboticarms.Instead,theylookmorelikeatinydropofmovingpinkflesh.Theresearcherssaythisisdeliberate—this''biologicalmachine''canachievethingstypicalrobotsofsteelandplasticcannot.''Traditionalrobotsdegradeovertimeandcanproduceharmfulecologicalandhealthsideeffects,''researcherssaidinthestudy.''Asbiologicalmachines,xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferforhumanhealth.''

Accordingtotheresearchers,theserobotscouldbeusedtocleanupradioactivewaste,collectmicroplasticsintheoceans,orevencarrymedicineinsidehumanbodies.Asidefromtheseimmediatepracticaltasks,theycouldalsohelpresearcherstolearnmoreaboutcellbiology-openingthedoorstofutureadvancementinhumanhealthandlongevity.Thissoundslikesomethingfromasci-fimovie.Somepeopleevenvoicedtheirconcernthathumansmightbetakencontrolofbythosexenobots.However,theresearchersinthestudysaythereisnoneedforalarm.Theycan'treproduceorevolve（进化）.

8．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A．Theadvantagesofamedicalrobot.

B．Theapplicationofrobotsinbiology.

C．Thegeneralintroductionofalivingrobot.

D．ThemedicalvalueofAfricanclawedfrogs.

9．Theunderlinedword''regenerative''inParagraph3probablymeans''________''.

A．livinglongerB．growingagain

C．replacingoldcellsD．defendingagainstattacks

10．Whatcanweknowaboutxenobots?

A．Theycandoeverythingthattraditionalrobotscan.

B．Theycanbreakupsteelandplasticwhiledegrading.

C．Theyareabletocurepeopleofallkindsofdiseases.

D．Theyareharmlesstotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.

11．Whatistheresearchers'attitudetothedevelopmentofxenobots?

A．Doubtful.B．Positive.

C．Cautious.D．Casual.

Theremainsofanancientape（猿）foundinBavariasuggestthathumans'ancestorsbeganstandinguprightmillionsofyearsearlierthanpreviouslythought.

Aninternationalteamofresearcherssaidthefossilizedskeleton（化石骨骼）ofamaleapethatlivedinthewarmanddampforestsofwhatisnowsouthernGermanywasquitesimilartomodemhumanbones.InapaperpublishedbythejournalNature,theyconcludedthatthepreviouslyunknownspecies—namedDanuviusguggenmosi—couldwalkontwolegsbutalsoclimblikeanape.

''Thefindingsraisefundamentalquestionsaboutourpreviousunderstandingoftheevolutionofthegreatapesandhumans,''saidMadelaineBoehme,wholedtheresearch.

ThequestionofwhenapescouldwalkontwolegshasfascinatedscientistssinceCharlesDarwinfirstarguedthattheyweretheancestorsofhumans.Previousfossilrecordsofapeswithanuprightmove—foundinCreteandKenya—datedonlyasfarbackas6millionyears.TheseapesarecalledToumai.

Boehme,alongwithresearchersfromBulgaria,CanadaandtheUnitedStates,examinedmorethan15,000bonesrecoveredfromthearchaeologicalremainsfound.Amongtheremainstheywereabletopiecetogetherwereprimate（灵长目动物）fossilsbelongingto4individualsthatlived11.62millionyearsago.Themostcomplete,anadultmale,likelystoodabout1metertall,weighed31kilogramsandlookedsimilartomodern-daybonobos,aspeciesofchimp.

Likehumans,DanuviushadanS-shapedbackbonetoholditsbodyuprightwhilestanding.Unlikehumans,though,ithadapowerfulbigtoethatwouldhaveallowedittograbbrancheswithitsfooteasily.

FredSpoor,abiologistattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,calledthefossilfinds''fantastic'',butsaidtheywouldlikelybedeniedorsuspectedbyothers,especiallybecausetheycouldchallengemanyexistingideasaboutevolution.

12．Wheredidthescientistsfindthefossilizedapeskeleton?

A．Germany.B．Canada.

C．Bulgaria.D．Kenya.

13．WhatcanweinferaboutDanuviusguggenmosi?

A．Itwasaspeciesofchimp.

B．ItlivedinCreteandKenya.

C．