Appendix I Frequently Used Legal Terms of Act2.docx
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AppendixIFrequentlyUsedLegalTermsofAct2
AppendixIFrequentlyUsedLegalTermsofAct
附录1常用法律术语
民事法律英语词汇
（A,B）
按份共有severalpossession
按份之债severalobligation
版权copyright
包办婚姻arrangedmarriage
保证guaranty/guarantee
保证合同contractofguaranty
保证金guarantybond;securitydeposit
保证人guarantor
被代理人（本人）principal
本代理originalagency
本代理人originalagent
次代理subagency
代理权rightofagency
代理行为actofagency
表见代理agencybyestoppel;
apparentagency
不安抗辩权unstablecounter-argumentright
不当得利unjustenrichment
不当履行misfeasance
不可抗力forcemajeure
不可侵犯权inviolability
不要式民事法律行为informalcivillegalact
不要因民事法律行为noncausativecivillegalact
不作为omission
（C）
财产担保propertyguarantee
财产分割partition;dismembermentofproperty
财团法人legalbodyoffinancialgroup
采矿权miningownership
产品瑕疵defectofproduct
撤销权rightofclaimingcancellation
承包经营权righttocontractedmanagement
承认权rightofadmission
诚实信用原则principleofgoodfaith
乘人之危takingadvantageofothers’precariousposition
程序法procedurallaw
驰名商标reputedtrademark
处分权rightofdisposing;jusdispodendi
创造性creativity
创作creation
从民事法律行为accessorycivillegalact
从债accessoryobligation
（D）
大陆法continentallaw
大陆法系civillawsystem
代位继承representation;successionbysubrogation
代位权subrogatedright
单独继承singlesuccession
单方民事法律行为unilateralcivillegalact
单一之债singleobligation
担保物权realrightforsecurity
盗版VCDpiratedVCD
等价有偿原则principleofequalvalueexchange
抵销setoff
抵押标的物collateral;estateundermortgage
抵押权hypothec;righttomortgage
抵押权的次序sequenceofrighttomortgage
抵押权的抛弃abandonmentofrighttomortgage
抵押权的让与alienationofrighttomortgage
抵押权的设定creationofrighttomortgage
抵押权的实现materializationofrighttomortgage
抵押权的消灭extinctionofrighttomortgage
抵押权的效力defectofrighttomortgage
抵押权人mortgagee
抵押人mortgagor
抵押物登记registrationofestateundermortgage
抵押优先权priorityofmortgage
地上权superficies
地役权servitude;easement
第一顺序继承人successorfirstinorder
佃权tenantright
定金earnestmoney;deposit
独生子女onlychild
多方民事法律行为jointactcivillegalact
（E,F）
恶意占有maliciouspossession
发表权rightofpublication
发明创造inventionandcreation
发明权rightofinvention
发现权rightofdiscovery
法定代理人statutoryagent;legalagent
法定继承legalsuccession
法定违约金liquidateddamagesbylaw
法定之债legalobligation
法定孳息legalfruits
法律婚legalmarriage
法律渊源sourceoflaw
法人legalperson
法人合伙partnershipoflegalperson
法人型联营associationoflegalpersons
防卫行为actofdefense
非婚生子女illegitimatechild
非专属权non-exclusiveright
否认权rightofclaimingcancellation
夫妻分居divorceamensaetthoro;divorcefrombedandboard
夫妻共同财产communityproperty
夫妻关系conjugalrelationship
服务商标servicetrademark
抚恤金pension
附期限民事法律行为civillegalactwithterm
复婚resumptionofmarriage
（G）
感情破裂incompatibility
个人独资企业individualbusinessestablishment
个人合伙partnership
个体工商户individualbusiness
给付give;pay
工业产权industrialproperty
公法publiclaw
公力救济publicprotection
公民citizen
公平原则principleofjustice
公序良俗publicorderandmoral
共同共有jointpossession
共同继承jointsuccession
固有法nativelaw;indigenouslaw
关联企业affiliateenterprise
广告商标advertisementtrademark
国民待遇原则doctrineofnationaltreatment
国有独资企业solelystate-ownedenterprise
（H）
合法行为lawfulact
合伙财产propertyofpartnership
合伙人partner
合伙协议partnershipagreement
合伙型联营coordinatedmanagementinpartnership
合伙债务debtofpartnership
合同之债contractualobligation
合作社cooperative
衡平法equity;lawofequity
户籍censusregister
婚后财产公证notarizationofpostnuptialproperties
婚生子女legitimatechild
婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage,family,inheritance,adoption
婚姻登记marriageregistration
婚姻法maritallaw;marriagelaw
货币currency
获得报酬权righttogetpayment/remuneration
（J,K）
计划生育birthcontrol
技术诀窍know-how
继承参与人successionparticipant
继承法inheritancelaw;lawofsuccession
继承人heir;successor
间接继承indirectsuccession
监护guardianship
简单之债simpleobligation
教会法ecclesiasticallaw
解除权rightofrenouncement
紧急避险actofrescue;necessity
近似商标similartrademark
禁止规范forbiddingnorm
经常居住地frequentlydwellingplace
经营权managerialauthority;powerofmanagement
精神损害moral/mental/spiritualdamage
救济权rightofrelief
居所residence
绝对权absoluteright
抗辩权rightofdefense
可撤销民事行为revocablecivilact
（L,M）
离婚divorce
利用权righttomakeuseof
例外法exceptionlaw
连带之债jointobligation
联营jointventure
林权forestownership
留置权lien
录制权rightoffixation
律师代理agencybylawyer
罗马法RomanLaw
罗马法系Romanlawsystem
埋藏物fortuna;hiddenproperty
买卖婚姻mercenarymarriage
民法法律规范normofcivillaw
民法法系civillawsystem
民法基本原则fundamentalprinciplesofcivillaw
民事法律行为civillegalact
民事合伙civilpartnership
民事权利能力civilrightcapacity
民事行为civilact
名称权rightofname
名誉权rightofreputation
明示保证expressguaranty
命令性规范commandingnorm
默示保证impliedguaranty
（N,P）
拟制血亲bloodrelationsinfictionoflaw
农村承包经营户leaseholdingruralhousehold
诺成性民事法律行为consentingcivillegalact
判例法caselaw;precedent
旁系血亲collateralbloodrelation
配偶spouse
剽窃plagiary;plagiarism
漂流物driftingobject
平等原则principleofequality
普通代理generalagency
普通法commonlaw
普通合伙generalpartnership
期待权expectantright
欺诈fraud
（Q）
企业法人legalbodyofenterprise
企业集团groupofenterprise
亲权parentalright
亲属权rightofrelative
侵权行为tort
侵权行为之债tortobligation
清偿discharge;satisfaction
情事变更原则doctrineofchangeofcircumstances
请求权rightofclaim
全权代理generalagency
全权代理委托书generalpowerofattorney
权利本位standardofright
权利的保护protectionofright
（R）
让与担保alienationguarantee
人格权rightofpersonality
人权humanright
人身权利personalright
人身损害damagetoperson
人役权servituspersonarum;personalservitude
任意之债voluntaryobligation
日尔曼法Germaniclaw
荣誉权rightofhonor
入伙joinpartnership
（S）
善意占有possessioningoodfaith
商标代理trademarkagency
商标公告trademarkgazette
商标国际注册internationalregistrationoftrademark
商标评审委员会tradereviewandappraisalboard
商标侵权trademarkinfringement
商标权trademarkright
商标审查trademarkexamination
商标使用许可协议trademarklicensingagreement
商标事务所trademarkoffice
商标注册trademarkregister
商品商标commoditytrademark
社会本位standardofsociety
社团法人legalbodyofmassorganization
涉外婚姻marriagewithforeignelements
涉外收养adoptionwithforeignelements
申请在先原则priorapplicationrule
身份权rightofstatus
生命健康权rightoflifeandhealth
生前民事法律行为civillegalactbeforedeath
实际履行原则doctrineofspecificperformance
实践性民事法律行为practicalcivillegalact
实体法substantiallaw
实用新型utilitymodel
实用性practicability
使用权rightofuse;righttouseof
使用收益分享权righttoshareusufruct
使用在先priorityofuse
世袭继承hereditarysuccession
市民法juscivile
事实婚defactomarriage
收回权rightofrecall;rightofretrieval
收养法adoptionlaw
收养人adoptiveparent/adopter
收养协议adoptionagreement
收益权righttoearnings;righttoyields
受托人trustee
授权规范authorizationnorm
授权委托书powerofattorney
授权行为actofauthorization
署名权rightofauthorship;rightofpaternity
司法解释judicialinterpretation
私法privatelaw
私力救济self-protection
私生活秘密权rightofprivacy
私营企业privateenterprise;proprietorship
寺院法canonlaw
送养人personorinstitutionplacingoutachildforadoption
诉讼离婚divorcebylitigation
损害赔偿之债obligationofcompensationforinjury;obligationofdamages
所有权dominium;ownership;title
所有权凭证documentoftitle;titleofownership
（T）
他物权jusinrealiena
探视权visitationright
特别法speciallaw
特别合伙specialpartnership
特别留置权speciallien
特定之债certainobligation
特许权使用费royalties
提存debtor’ssubmissionofthesubjectmatterofobligationtocompetentauthority
天然孳息naturalfruits
同居cohabitation
同时履行抗辩权defenserightofsimultaneousperformance
土地使用权righttotheuseofland
退伙withdrawalfrompartnership
（W）
外观设计design;industrialdesign
完全行为能力perfectcapacityforact
完整性保持权righttomaintainintegrity
晚婚latemarriage
万民法jusgentium
违法行为illegalact;unlawfulact
违约金liquidateddamages
伪造forge
委托代理agencybymandate
慰问金consolationmoney
无偿民事法律行为civillegalactwithoutconsideration;civillegalactwithoutaward
无效婚姻voidmarriage
无效行为ineffectiveact
无行为能力incapacityforact
无因管理voluntaryservice
无责任行为irresponsibleright
无主物bonavacatia;vacantgoods;ownerlessgoods
物的担保securityforthing
物的瑕疵担保warrantyagainstdefectofathing
物权分类classificationofrightinrem/realright
物上请求权rightofclaimforrealthing
误传misrepresentation
（X）
习惯法customarylaw
先买权preemption
显失公平obviousunjust
限制行为能力restrictivecapacityforact
相对权relativeright
相对人counterpart;offeree
相邻权neighboringright;relatedright
肖像权rightofportraiture
协议离婚divorcebyagreement
协作型联营cooperation-typecoordinatedmanagement
胁迫duress
新颖性novelty
信用担保creditguarantee
行为能力capacityforact
形成权rightofformation
姓名权rightofname
修改权rightofmodification;rightofrevision
选择之债alternativeobligation
（Y）
押金deposit;foregift
要式民事法律行为formalcivillegalact
要因民事法律行为causativecivillegalact
一夫一妻制monogamy
伊斯兰法Islamiclaw
医疗费medicalcharge
医药费hospitaltreatmentexpense
遗产inheritance;heritage
遗产继承人heirtoproperty;inheritor
遗失物lostproperty
遗书lastwords
遗言lastwillandtestament
遗赠bequest;legacy;devise（不动产）
遗赠抚养协议legacy-supportagreement
遗赠继承successionbydevise
遗嘱继承intestatesuccession
以合法形式掩盖非法目的legalformconcealingillegalintention
义务性规范obligatorynorm
意思表示declarationofintention
意思表示一致meetingofminds;consensus
意思能力capacityofwill
意外事件accident
隐名合伙sleepingpartnership;dormantpartnership
隐私权rightofprivacy
英吉利法Englishlaw
英美法系systemofAnglo-Americanlaw
永久性抗辩权permanentcounter-argumentright
用益物权realrightforusufruct
优先权日prioritydate
优先权原则doctrineofpriorityright
有权代理authorizedagency
有限合伙limitedpartnership
预付款advancedpayment
约定违约金liquid
升级会员 