高考英语 阅读理解抓分练习精品题7.docx

高考英语 阅读理解抓分练习精品题7.docx

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高考英语阅读理解抓分练习精品题7

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习精品（7）及答案

阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Dutchtreatisalate-nineteenth-centuryterm,anditoriginallyreferstoadinnerwhereeveryoneisexpectedtopayforhisownshareofthefoodanddrink.Ifpeoplego“Dutchtreat”,orsimply“goDutch”,itmeansthattheywillsharetheexpensesofasocialengagement.

Therearemanyother“Dutch”expressionsinEnglish,manyofwhichwereinventedinBritainintheseventeenthcentury,whentheDutchandtheEnglishwerecommercialandmilitaryrivals.TheBritishused“Dutch”torefertosomethingbad,cheapandshameful.A“Dutchbargain”atthattimewasanuneven,one-sideddeal;“Dutchreckoning”wasanunitemizedaccount;and“Dutchwidow”wasslangforprostitute.Latercenturiesbroughtin“Dutchcourage”,forbraveryinducedbydrink;“Dutchconcert”,fordiscordantmusic;“Dutchnightingale”,meaningafrog;and“doubleDutch”,forincomprehensiblelanguage,orunintelligibletalk.

Someoftheexpressionsarestillinusetoday,butsomearenot.Infact,inAmericanEnglish,some“Dutch”expressionshavenothingtodowiththeDutch,butsomethingwiththeGerman.Itwasprobablybecauseofthesimilarspellingandpronunciationthatpeoplemadeamistakeindistinguishingbetween“Dutch”and“Deutsch”（theGermanwordforGerman）,whenGermanimmigrantscametoAmericainthe1700s.Forinstance,“thePennsylvaniaDutch”referstotheGermandescendants,insteadoftheDutchdescendants,livinginPennsylvania.

56.Manyofthe“Dutch”expressionswereinventedwithderogatory（贬义）sense,because.

A.TheDutchwereunderdevelopedpeople.

B.BritainandHollandwerecompetitorsatthattime.

C.TheDutchhadmanybadhabits.

D.TheBritishweresuperiortotheDutch.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。

根据whentheDutchandtheEnglishwerecommercialandmilitaryrivals.英国和荷兰进行商业和军事竞争，故选B。

57.WiththeinformationyougetfromParagraph2,makeaguessatthemeaningofthesentence“YouareinDutch”.Itprobablymeans.

A.YouareinHolland.B.Youarewelcome.

C.Youareintrouble.D.Youarelucky.

【答案】C

【解析】句意猜测题。

根据TheBritishused“Dutch”torefertosomethingbadandshameful.因为Dutch指的是不好可耻的事情，所以这句应该理解为“你有麻烦了”，故选C。

58.Accordingtothepassage,somenativeAmerican“Dutch”expressionswererelatedtotheGermaninsteadoftheDutch,simplybecause.

A.PeoplehatedtheGermanasmuchastheDutch.

B.Peoplemadeamistakeatthebeginning.

C.PeoplemadeajokeabouttheGerman.

D.TheGermanimmigrantsproclaimedthattheywereDutch.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。

根据Itwasprobablybecauseofthesimilarspellingandpronunciationthatpeoplemadeamistakeindistinguishingbetween“Dutch”and“Deutsch”（theGermanwordforGerman）,是因为人们在开始时出现了错误，故选B。

Thehumannosehasgiventothelanguageoftheworldmanyinterestingexpressions.Ofcourse,thisisnotsurprising.Withoutthenosewecouldnotbreatheorsmell.Itisthepartofthefacethatgivesapersonspecialcharacter.CyranodeBergeracsaidthatalargenoseshowedagreatman-brave,polite,manlyandbright.Afamouswomanpoetwishedthatshehadtwonosestosmellarose.BlaisePascal,aFrenchphilosopher（哲学家）madeaninterestingcommentaboutCleopatra'snose.Ifithadbeenshorter,hesaid,itwouldhavechangedthewholefaceoftheworld.Historically,man'snosehasanimportantroleinhisimagination.Manhasreferredtothenoseinmanywaystoexpresshisfeelings.Expressionsaboutnoserefertohumanweakness:

anger,pride,jealousy（嫉妒）andrevenge（报复）.InEnglishthereareanumberofphrasesaboutthenose.Forexample,"toholdupone'snose"expressesabasichumanfeeling-pride.Peoplecanholduptheirnosesatpeople,thingsandplaces.Thephrase"tobeledaroundbythenose"showsman'sweakness.Apersonwhoisledaroundbythenoseletsotherpeoplecontrolhim.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhofollowshisnoseletshisinstinct（本能）guidehim.

Forthehumanemotionofrejection,thephrase"tohaveone'snoseputoutofjoint"isverydescriptive.Theexpressionappliestopersonswhohavebeenturnedasidebecauseofacompetitor.Theirprideishurtandtheyfeelrejected.Thisexpressionisnotnew.ItwasusedbyErasmusin1542.

ThisisonlyasamplingofexpressionsinEnglishdealingwiththenose.Thereareanumberofothers.However,itshouldbeasplainasthenoseonyourfacethatthenoseismorethananorgan（器官）forbreathingandsmelling!

46.Thispassageisabout_______.

A.thehumannose,anorganforbreathingandsmelling

B.thenosegivingvariousexpressions

C.awomanpoet'swishtohavetwonoses

D.interestingcommentsmadeonCleopatra'snose

47.AccordingtoBlaisePascal,"Cleopatra'snose"________.

A.didchangethewholefaceoftheworld

B.shouldbeshorter

C.representsherpowerfulcharacter

D.hadbeencutshorter

48."Toholdupone'snose"isanexpressionof_______.

A.contemptB.revengeC.angerD.jealousy

49.Amanwhoisdescribedas"tohaveone'snoseputoutofjoint"________.

A.ishappy

B.wantstosmellaflower

C.isill

D.feelshurtandrejected

50.Whenyousayitis"asplainasthenoseonyourface",youmean_______.

A.itiseasytosolve

B.itisahardnuttocrack

C.itissomethingquiteeasytounderstand

D.thereisaplain-lookingnoseonyourface

参考答案46-50BCADC

*********************************************************结束

Wemightbesurprisedattheprogressmadeineveryfieldofstudy,butthemethodsoftestingaperson'sknowledgeandabilityremainasbefore.Itreallyisextraordinary（特别的）thatafteralltheseyears,educatorshavestillfailedtodevise（设计出）anythingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations.Fortheentireclaim（声称）thatexaminationstestwhatyouknow,itiscommonknowledgethattheymoreoftendotheexactopposite.Theymaybeagoodmeansoftestingmemory,ortheskillsofworkingrapidlyunderextremepressure,buttheycantellyounothingaboutaperson'strueability.

Asanxiety-makers,examinationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonthem.Theyarethemarkofsuccessorfailureinoursociety.Yourwholefuturemaybedecidedinonefateful（决定性的）day.Itdoesn'tmatterthatyouweren'tfeelingverywell,orthatyourmotherdied.Littlethingslikethatdon'tcount:

theexamgoeson.Noonecangiveofhisbestwhenheisinmortalterror,orafterasleeplessnight,yetthisiswhattheexaminationsystemexpectshimtodo.Themomentachildbeginsschool,heentersaworldofharmfulcompetitionwheresuccessandfailureareclearlydefined（界定）andmeasured.Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberof"drop-outs":

youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasfailuresbeforetheyhaveevenbegunacareer?

Canwebesurprisedattherisingsuicide（自杀）rateamongstudents?

51.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.

A.educatorstrytodevisemorereliabletestsbutinvain（徒劳）

B.examinationsexplainthefailureofmanystudents

C.examinationsmakeaharmfulinfluenceontheschoolsystem

D.theexaminationsystemshouldremainunquestioned

52.Examinationsaregenerallybelievedtobe_______.

A.areflection（反映）ofanexaminee'sknowledgeandability

B.extremelyanxiety-making

C.averyunfaircompetitionamongstudents

D.inefficientandunreliable

53.Accordingtotheauthor,examinations________.

A.areawonderfulmemorytestingmethod

B.makemanystudentskillthemselves

C.usuallyfailtoevaluate（评价）students'schoolperformance

D.maydetermineastudent'sfuture

54.Inthispassage,what'sthemeaningoftheword"drop-outs"?

A.Thosewhofailintheexaminations.

B.Thosewholeaveschoolwithoutfinishingtheircourses.

C.Thosewhodonottaketheexamination.

D.Thosewhodonottakepartinanyactivities.

55.Fromthepassage,weknowtheauthor________.

A.recommends（推荐）themarkofsuccessandfailureinoursociety

B.arguesagainsttheassessment（判断）ofstudents'abilityaccordingtotheirtestscores

C.offerseducatorsadviceonthedesignofsomemorereliabletests

D.emphasizes（强调）theimportanceofdiscipline（纪律）onstudents

参考答案

51-55CACBB

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