学年高考英语阅读理解解析汇编65.docx

学年高考英语阅读理解解析汇编65.docx

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学年高考英语阅读理解解析汇编65

2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（65）

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

体裁：

记叙文　话题：

热点关注　时间：

7分钟

Doesstylereallysell?

Howcantheappearanceofaproductbemoreimportantthanwhatitdoes?

ThebattlebetweenformandfunctionroseagainwhenJamesDyson，BritishinventoroftheDysonvacuum（真空）cleanerthathassoldinmillionsaroundtheworld，resignedaschairmanofLondon'sDesignMuseum.ItiswidelybelievedthatMr.Dysonfeltthatthemuseumputtoomuchstressonstyleattheexpenseofseriousindustrialdesign.

Mr.Dysonaccusedthemuseumofnotkeepingtruetoitself.Hemayberight，butthesedays，museumseverywherecannolongeraffordtobeuniquecentersofscholarshipandlearning.Amongcompetitionforsponsorship，theymustuseexhibitionsofpopulistculture，nicecafesandshopsor，bestofall，anewbuildingbyFrankGehrytoincreasevisitornumbers.

Ontheonehand，someproducerscanbetoooldfashionedandtooconcernedwiththeimportanceofproductengineeringandthefunctionalityoftheirgoods.Ontheotherhand，therearethosewhobelievethathowaproductlooksismoreimportant.Designisindeedabroadterm，involvingbothfunctionandform.Typically，inanygivenproductarea，itchangesfromtheformertothelatter.Clothingisagoodexample.Butsurelyyouwouldhavetobeaveryshallowpersontothinksomething'sappearanceismoreimportantthanwhatitdoes.

Todaynearlyallgoodsatanygivenpricepointdomuchthesamejob.Soalmosttheonlywayproducerscandifferentiatetheirproductsfromthoseoftheircompetitorsistocreatesomesortofemotionalconnectionwiththeconsumer，whichcouldbethroughthevisualappealoftheproductoritspackaging，ortheimagery（意象）createdbyadvertising.AndwhatoftheDysonvacuumcleaner?

Mr.Dysonmaybelievethatpeoplebuythesemachinesbecauseofthegraphsshowingtheirsuperiorsuction，butmostvacuumcleanersdoagoodjob；themainreasonpeoplepayextraforaDysonisthatitisavacuumcleanerwithatrendybrand.Withitsinsideworkingsexposed，itisabitlikeaRichardRogersbuildingwithallitspipesshowninbrightcolorsontheoutsideinsteadofbeinghiddeninside.Functionalitmaybe，butitisabitofatrick，too.

【语篇导读】　英国吸尘器发明家Dyson因强烈反对设计博物馆太过注重外在的风格样式而辞职，他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方。

1．Mr.DysonlefttheDesignMuseumbecausehethoughtthemuseum______.

A．didn'tincreasethenumberofvisitors

B．couldn'tprovidescholarshipsforlearners

C．wasn'tloyaltoitsoriginalpurposeoflearning

D．didn'thavegreatappealforseriousindustrialdesign

解析　推理判断题。

由第一段的最后一句话和第二段的第一句可知，他辞职是因为设计博物馆太注重风格样式。

他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方，他们的做法违背了这个初衷。

答案　C

2．Speakingofclothing，theunderlinedword“latter”refersto“______”．

A．affordingprotection

B．indicatingone'sidentity

C．providingwarmth

D．makingsomeonebeautiful

解析　词义猜测题。

根据文章内容可知，这里的latter指的是前面一句话中的form，即外形。

因此D项正确。

答案　D

3．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?

A．Aproductwithconvenientpackagingsellswell.

B．Themajorityofconsumersprefertobuybrandedgoods.

C．Mostsimilarlypricedproductsareofacomparablestandard.

D．Emotioncontributesmuchtothedevelopmentofadvertisingindustry.

解析　细节理解题。

由第四段的第一句可知，大多数指定价格的产品都做着同样的工作，即大多数相似价格的产品都有可比的标准。

所以C项正确。

答案　C

4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheformofaproduct?

A．Optimistic.B．Sceptical.

C．Disapproving.D．Objective.

解析　态度推断题。

由最后两段的内容可知，作者认为产品的外形还是很重要的，但也是个小花招，因此作者对产品外形持客观的态度。

选D。

答案　D

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

体裁：

记叙文　话题：

人物介绍　时间：

7分钟

（2014·宁夏银川一中高三月考）SamWalton，thefounderofWalMart，wasborninKingfish，OklahomaonMarch29,1918.HewasraisedinMissouriwhereheworkedinhisfather'sstorewhileattendingschool.Thiswashisfirstretailing（零售业）experienceandhereallyenjoyedit.Aftergraduation，hebeganhisowncareerasaretailmerchant.

HesoonopenedhisfirstWalMartstorein1962inRogers，Arkansas.WalMartspecializedinnamebrandsatlowpricesandSamWaltonwassurprisedatthesuccess.SoonachainofWalMartstoressprangupacrossruralAmerica.

Walton'smanagementstylewaspopularwithemployeesandhefoundedsomeofthebasicconceptsofmanagementthatarestillinusetoday.

Aftertakingthecompanypublicin1970，Waltonintroducedhis“profitsharingplan”．TheprofitsharingplanwasaplanforWalMartemployeestoimprovetheirincomedependentontheprofitsofthestore.SamWaltonbelievedthat“individualsdon'twin，whileteamsdo”．EmployeesatWalMartstoreswereofferedstockoptions（认股选择权）andstorediscounts.Thesebenefitsarecommonplacetoday，butWaltonwasamongthefirsttoimplement（实施）them.Waltonbelievedthatahappyemployeemeanthappycustomersandmoresales.Healsobelievedthatbygivingemployeesapartofthecompanyandmakingtheirsuccessdependentonthecompany'ssuccess，theywouldcareaboutthecompany.

Bythe1980s，WalMarthadsalesofoveronebilliondollarsandoverthreehundredstoresacrossNorthAmerica.WalMart'suniquedecentralized（分散的）distributionsystem，alsoWalton'sidea，createdtheedgeneededtofurtherencouragegrowthinthe1980sduringgrowingcomplaintsthatthe“superstore”wasstoppingsmallerandtraditionalstoresfromdeveloping.By1991，WalMartwasthelargestUSretailerwith1,700stores.Waltonremainedactiveinmanagingthecompany，aspresidentandCEOuntil1988andchairmanuntilhisdeath.HewasawardedtheMedalofFreedomshortlybeforehisdeath.

【语篇导读】　本文介绍了沃尔玛公司的创始人山姆·沃尔顿。

1962年，他开办了第一家沃尔玛百货商店。

经过几十年的奋斗，他使沃尔玛公司成为全球最大的连锁零售王国。

他的经营理念现在仍然适用。

1．SamWaltonfirstmadeahitinretailingwhen______.

A．heworkedinhisfather'sstore

B．hecreatedWalton'smanagementstyle

C．achainofWalMartstoressprangupacrossruralAmerica

D．hespecializedinnamebrandsatlowprices

解析　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“WalMartspecializedinnamebrandsatlowpricesandSamWaltonwassurprisedatthesuccess.”可知，沃尔玛在低价销售名牌产品时取得了意想不到的成功，因此选D。

答案　D

2．WhatisthepurposeofWalton'scarryingout“profitsharingplan”？

A．Tomakesurealltheemployeeshadtheirownshares.

B．Toencouragetheemployeestoworkhardandmakejointefforts.

C．Toselectexcellentemployeesforhisstores.

D．Tomakemoreprofitforhimself.

解析　细节理解题。

根据第四段的第二句“TheprofitsharingplanwasaplanforWalMartemployeestoimprovetheirincomedependentontheprofitsofthestore.”可知，雇员的收入与商店的利润挂钩，这个计划就是为了鼓励员工努力工作。

答案　B

3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A．WithWalton'smanagementstyle，employeestreatedthestoresastheirown.

B．Waltonwasn'toneofthemerchantswhofirstimplementedstockoptions.

C．ThesmallerandtraditionalstoreswerewellaffectedbyWalton'sstores.

D．Inhisoldage，Waltongaveallthemanagementtohismen.

解析　细节理解题。

根据第四段的最后一句“Healsobelievedthatbygivingemployeesapartofthecompanyandmakingtheirsuccessdependentonthecompany'ssuccess，theywouldcareaboutthecompany.”可知，沃尔顿的经营理念就是让员工把公司当成自己的一样去关心。

答案　A

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“edge”inthelastparagraphmeanhere?

A．Danger.B．Disadvantage.

C．Advantage.D．System.

解析　词义猜测题。

根据上下文内容可知，沃尔顿的想法是让沃尔玛独特的分散配送体系创造优势以进一步鼓励发展，因此edge表示“优势”，故答案为C。

答案　C

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

体裁：

议论文　话题：

积极人生　时间：

7分钟

（2014·河南新乡许昌平顶山高三调研）GretchenAlexanderissightless.Butsherefusestoallowherblindnesstolimitherlifeactivities.Sheenjoysarchery，golf，softball，sailingandwaterskiing，aswellasanumberofotheractivitiesthatthoseofuswhoaresightedhaveyettolearn.Shealsospeakstogroupsaboutlivinglifefully.Whenspeakingtoagroupofhighschoolstudents，shewasonceaskediftherewasanythingshewouldn'ttry.“I'vedecidedtoneverskydive，”sheanswered.“Itwouldscaretheheckoutofmydog.”

Whydosomepeopleriseabovetheirproblemsandlivelifefully，whileothersbecomedefeated?

MerleShainexplainsitthisway：

“Thereareonlytwowaystoapproachlife:

asavictimorasagallantfighter.Andyoumustdecidewhetheryouwanttoactortoreact...”

Whendiscouraged，avictimreacts，perhapsinpainorselfpity.Butafighterwillact.Afighterwillmakeadecisiontochangethatsetofcircumstancesthatlefthimorherdiscouraged.Orafighterwilldecidetoacceptthosecircumstanceswithgraceandmoveaheadanyway.Afighterwilldecidetoactwithcourage.Afighterwilltakeresponsibilityforhisorherhappiness.Nomatterhowafraid，afighterwillrefusetogiveintothemostdefeatingofallhumanemotions—helplessness.Avictimreacts.Afighteracts.It'syourdecision.It'sadecisionaboutwhetheryouwillliveyourlifefullywithcourage，oryouwillbeforeverdefeatedbyharshcircumstances.Makeitwell，foritmaybeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsyouevermake.

Willyoubeavictimoragallantfighter?

【语篇导读】　这是一篇议论文。

文章以GretchenAlexander为例，论述了在生活中当你遇到不愉快的事情时，你应该做一名受害者还是做一名勇敢的战士。

1．Thebesttitleforthisarticlewouldbe______.

A．GretchenAlexander'sLife

B．MerleShain'sAttitudetoLife

C．VictimsandFighters

D．TheWayofLife

解析　标题归纳题。

文章的最后一段“Willyoubeavictimoragallantfighter？

”点出了文章主题。

故C项最适合作为文章标题。

答案　C

2．WhatcanwelearnaboutGretchenAlexanderfromthispassage?

A．Sheismoreathleticthanthoseofuswhoaresighted.

B．Sheisdiscouragedwhenherdogisscared.

C．Thereisnolimitationtoherlifeactivities.

D．Sheisabravefighter.

解析　推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“GretchenAlexanderissightless.Butsherefusestoallowherblindnesstolimitherlifeactivities.”和“Shealsospeakstogroupsaboutlivinglifefully.”可知，GretchenAlexander在生活中是一位勇敢的战士。

答案　D

3．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“______”．

A．lifeB．choice

C．courageD．circumstance

解析　词义猜测题。

从下文的“foritmaybeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsyouevermake”可知，画线词的含义是“选择”。

答案　B

4．Thethirdparagraphmainlytalksabout______.

A．thedifferencebetweenavictimandafighter

B．thereactionstohelplessness

C．decisionmaking

D．afigh