Unit 5 Lesson 1 同步练习 高中英语新教材同步备课北师大版选择性必修第二册.docx
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Unit5Lesson1同步练习高中英语新教材同步备课北师大版选择性必修第二册
Unit5EducationPeriod1TopicTalk&EnlighteningaMind
解析版
一、单句语法填空
1.Yourconductisnot_____(consist)withwhatyousay.
【答案】consistent
【解析】考查词性转换。
该句句意:
你的行为与你所说的不一致。
设空处为表语,表示“一致的”,beconsistentwith:
与某事物一致,故填consistent。
2.Truehappinessdoesnotconsist_________thepossessionofmoney,butthejoyofachievement.
【答案】in
【解析】考查动词短语。
该句句意:
真正的成功不在于你拥有多少钱,而是成功带来的快乐。
consistin在于;故填介词in。
3.Lifeconsists__________notonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes.
【答案】of
【解析】考查动词短语。
该句句意:
生活中不仅有阳光,也有艰难的时刻。
consistof由……组成,故填介词of。
4.His__________(analyse)oftheproblemshowedgreatperception.
【答案】analysis
【解析】考查词性转化。
该句句意:
他对该问题的分析显示了他强大的理解能力。
根据空前的his可知,设空处要填入名词形式作句子的主语,故填analysis。
5.Ihaveabsolutelynosympathy________thestudentswhogetcaughtcheatinginexamseventhoughtheywereseriouslypunished.
【答案】for/with
【解析】考查固定搭配。
句意:
我绝对不同情那些考试作弊被抓的学生,即使他们受到了严厉的惩罚。
sympathyfor/with…:
同情……;故填for/with。
6.Thepainwas_________(bearable),whichalmostdestroyedthestrong-mindedwoman.
【答案】unbearable
【解析】考查形容词。
句意:
这种痛苦难以忍受,几乎摧毁了这个坚强的女人。
故填unbearable。
7.Muchtoour_________(excite),ourmonitormanagedtoovercomehisinjurytogettothefinishingline.
【答案】excitement
【解析】考查词性转换。
该句句意:
让我们感到很激动地是,我们的班长成功克服自己的伤痛到达了终点。
设空处应填名词作介词to的宾语,故填excitement。
8.Whenweputthesuggestiontohim,hethoughthighlyofitandwas___________(enthusiasm)aboutitsimmediateapplication.
【答案】enthusiastic
【解析】考查词性转换。
该句句意:
当我们向他提出建议的时候,他对我们的建议高度评价,对于建议的立刻运用充满了热情。
beenthusiasticabout热衷于,对…充满热情;故填形容词enthusiastic。
9.The___________(disappoint)lookonSam’sfacesuggestedthatthenewsmustbe_____________(disappoint).
【答案】disappointed;disappointing
【解析】考查词性转换。
该句句意:
Sam脸上失望的表情表明消息一定是令人失望的。
disappointed“失望的”、“感到失望的”,一般用以说明“人”自己的感觉;disappointing“令人失望的”,一般用于事物给人的感觉。
故填disappointed;disappointing。
10.Thesoldiersweretrainedtobeabletoadapt_____anydifficultconditions.
【答案】to
【解析】考查动词短语。
该句句意:
士兵们接受训练以能够适应任何困难的条件。
A.adaptto变得习惯于…,适应于……;故填介词to。
二、完成句子
1.工人们坚持要求公司采取有效的措施来改善他们的工作条件。
Theworkersinsistthat__________________________________________________.
【答案】thecompany(should)takeeffectivemeasurestoimprovetheirworkingcondition
【解析】考查虚拟语气。
insist作“坚持(应该)”讲时,宾语从句用虚拟语气——(should)+动词原形。
insist作“坚持(说),强调”讲时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
故填thecompany(should)takeeffectivemeasurestoimprovetheirworkingcondition。
2.她的话虽然说得很温和,但毫无疑问她很不高兴。
________________________________,therewasnomistakingthatshewasdispleased.
【答案】Gentlyasherwordswerespoken
【解析】考查让步状语从句和倒装句。
as“虽然”,引导让步状语从句时,必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面,其结构为:
名词/形容词/副词/动词原形+as+其它。
故填Gentlyasherwordswerespoken。
3.我们中的一些人很自信并渴望参加班级活动;而其他一些人则有些紧张和焦虑。
Someofuswereconfidentandeager____________theclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious.
【答案】totakepartin
【解析】考查固定短语。
beeagertodo…:
渴望做……。
参加某个活动并起到积极作用:
takepartin,故填totakepartin。
4.遵循以下建议,会使你的问题得到解决。
(get/havesth.done)
FollowthefollowingadviceIgiveyou,andyoumay_____________________________.
【答案】get/haveyourproblemsettled
【解析】考查固定结构。
get/havesth.done:
使得某事被做。
故填get/haveyourproblemsettled。
5.虽然这是第一次在会议上提出这个计划,但它已经引起了很大的关注。
Althoughthisisthefirsttimethat___________________________,ithascausedmuchconcern.
【答案】theplanhascomeupatthemeeting
【解析】考查固定句式。
It/This/Thatis/wasthefirsttimethatsb.has(have)/haddonesth.“这/那是某人第一次做某事”,因为该句中的is可知,从句该用现在完成时,故填theplanhascomeupatthemeeting。
三、阅读理解
A
Recentstudieshaveshownthatchallengingyourbrain,byspurring(刺激)thebraintocreatenewpatterns,isveryimportanttokeepyourbrainactiveandhealthyasyouage.Lifelonglearningisahealthclubforourminds,bodiesandspirits.Thisiswhyweparentsshouldalsoteachourchildrentobelifelonglearners.Dr.MarilynPrice-Mitchell,anAmericanpsychologist,andyouthdevelopmentexpert, sharessomewaysforustodothis.
1.Askquestions.
Whenyourchildasksyouaquestion,don'tansweritstraightaway.Instead,helphimorherbringup“questionsthatpiquetheircuriosity.”Thisway,wehelpchildrenmakeconnectionsbetweenwhatthey'relearningatschoolandtheworldbeyondtheirclassroom.Wealsoshowthemthatlearningdoesnot,andshouldnot,endwhenoneis“donewithschool”—it'sactuallyalifelongprocess!
2.Letthemfail.
Ourkidslovelearningaboutdifferentscientificconcepts(概念)via TheMagicSchoolBus videosonYouTube.Andoneofthecharacters,MissFrizzle(thescienceteacher)alwayssaysthisphrase:
“Takechances,makemistakes,andgetmessy.”Ialwaysquote(引述)herwhenthekidssaythey'reafraidtodoorlearnsomethingbecausetheymightdoitwrongormakeamistake.Ifwedon'tallowourkidstofail,theywon'tbeabletolearnto“usemistakesandfailurestomakelifelonglearningeasier,”asDr.Price-Mitchellsays.
3.Learnthroughexperience.
Thisisverytrueforallofus,especiallychildren.InthewordsofDr.Price-Mitchell,“Learningthroughexperience,notjustfrombooks,isoneofthebestwaystogivetheyouththeskillstheyneedforlifelonglearning,living,andworkinginthe21stcentury.”
Ofcourse,weshouldalsosetanexampleforourchildren—bylearningcontinuously,andexpandingourknowledgeandexperiences.
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文,文章第一段告诉我们终生学习是非常重要的,接着介绍了促进孩子形成终生学习习惯的三个建议。
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pique”inthetextprobablymean?
A.Change.B.Awaken.C.Balance.D.Prevent.
【答案】B
【解析】猜测词义题。
根据划线词后句“Thisway,wehelpchildrenmakeconnectionsbetweenwhatthey'relearningatschoolandtheworldbeyondtheirclassroom.”可知,通过提问可以把学校所学的知识和外面的世界联系在一起,也就是说提问可以唤醒激发人们的好奇心。
由此推知,划线词的意思为“唤醒”,与awaken同义。
故选B项。
2.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowhatMissFrizzlealwayssays?
A.Worried.B.Doubtful.C.Uncaring.D.Supportive.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。
根据第三段第三句“Ialwaysquote(引述)herwhenthekidssaythey'reafraidtodoorlearnsomethingbecausetheymightdoitwrongormakeamistake.”(当孩子们说因为害怕做错或者犯错而不敢去做或者学习一些东西时,我总是引用她的话)可知,作者经常引述MissFrizzle的话。
由此推知,他赞成MissFrizzle的观点。
故选D项。
3.Whichofthefollowingshowstheimportanceoflearningthroughexperience?
A.Learningisnotchild'splay;wecannotlearnwithoutpain.
B.ItisnotthatI'msosmart.ButIstaywiththequestionsmuchlonger.
C.Ifyoudon'tlearntothinkwhenyouareyoung,youmayneverlearn.
D.TellmeandIforget,teachmeandImayremember,involvemeandIlearn.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。
根据文章第四段的““Learningthroughexperience,notjustfrombooks,isoneofthebestwaystogivetheyouththeskillstheyneedforlifelonglearning,living,andworkinginthe21stcentury.””(从亲身经历,而非仅仅从书本上学习,是让年轻人在21世纪终生学习、生活和工作的最佳途径之一)可推知,通过亲身经历学到的知识是难以忘记的,会非常有用。
D项“TellmeandIforget,teachmeandImayremember,involvemeandIlearn.”(告诉我,我会忘记;教我,我可能会记住;参与其中,我就学会了)中involvemeandIlearn正是通过亲身经历的学习。
故选D项。
4.Inwhichpartofanewspaperwillthetextmostprobablyappear?
A.Health.B.Culture.C.Education.D.Popularscience.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。
文章第一段告诉我们终生学习是非常重要的,接着介绍了促进孩子形成终生学习习惯的三个建议,属于与教育相关的内容。
由此推知,这一内容应该出现在报纸上的教育专栏。
故选C项。
B
PhilosophyofEducationisalabelappliedtothestudyofthepurpose,process,natureandidealsofeducation.Itcanbeconsideredabranchofbothphilosophyandeducation.Educationcanbedefinedastheteachingandlearningofspecificskills,andtheimpartingofknowledge,judgmentandwisdom,andissomethingbroaderthanthesocietalinstitutionofeducationweoftenspeakof.
Manyeducationalistsconsideritaweakandimprecisefield,toofarremovedfromthepracticalapplicationsoftherealworldtobeuseful.ButphilosophersdatingbacktoPlatoandtheAncientGreekshavegiventheareamuchthoughtandemphasis,andthereislittledoubtthattheirworkhashelpedshapethepracticeofeducationoverthemillennia.
Platoistheearliestimportanteducationalthinker,andeducationisanessentialelementin“TheRepublic”(hismostimportantworkonphilosophyandpoliticaltheory,writtenaround360B.C.).Init,headvocatessomeratherextrememethods:
removingchildrenfromtheirmothers’careandraisingthemaswardsofthestate,anddifferentiatingchildrensuitabletothevariouscastes(社会等级),thehighestreceivingthemosteducation,sothattheycouldactasguardiansofthecityandcareforthelessable.Hebelievedthateducationshouldbeholistic(全面的),includingfacts,skills,physicaldiscipline,musicandart.Platobelievedthattalentandintelligenceisnotdistributedgeneticallyandthusistobefoundinchildrenborntoallclasses,althoughhisproposedsystemofselectivepubliceducationforaneducatedminorityofthepopulationdoesnotreallyfollowademocraticmodel.
Aristotleconsideredhumannature,habitandreasontobeequallyimportantforcestobecultivatedineducation,theultimateaimofwhichshouldbetoproducegoodandvirtuouscitizens.Heproposedthatteachersleadtheirstudentssystematically,andthatrepetitionbeusedasakeytooltodevelopgoodhabits,unlikeSocrates’emphasisonquestioninghislistenerstobringouttheirownideas.Heemphasizedthebalancingofthetheoreticalandpracticalaspectsofsubjectstaught,amongwhichheclearlymentionsreading,writing,mathematics,music,physicaleducation,literature,history,andawiderangeofsciences,aswellasplay,whichhealsoconsideredimportant.
DuringtheperiodofMiddleAge,theideaofPerennialismwasfirstformulatedbySt.ThomasAquinasinhiswork“DeMagistro”.Perennialismholdsthatoneshouldteachthosethingsdeemedtobeofeverlastingimportancetoallpeopleeverywhere,namelyprinciplesandreasoning,notjustfacts(whichareapttochangeovertime),andthatoneshouldteachfirstaboutpeople,notmachinesortechniques.Itwasoriginallyreligiousinnature,anditwasonlymuchlaterthatatheoryofworldlyPerennialismdeveloped.
DuringtheRenaissance(文