自学考试自考英语二复习资料.docx

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自学考试自考英语二复习资料.docx

自学考试自考英语二复习资料

自学考试自考英语二复习资料

(一)

-4-113:

55:

00  来源:

环球网校  频道:

自学考试

  Keywordsandphrases

  1.efficiency:

n效率,其她同根词:

efficient:

a高效率;inefficient:

a效率低;inefficiency:

n;effective:

a有效果

  1).Hehasdonemuchtoincreasethe____ofEnglishteaching.

  2).Sheisvery_____inreducingwaste.

  3).His____studymethodcausedhisfailure.

  4).Thecitygovernmenttooksome_____measurestoreduceunemployment.

  Answers:

efficiency,efficient;inefficient,effective

  2.increasingly:

ad不断增长地,由此可以联想到:

  increase:

v增长;increasing:

a不断增长;decrease:

v减少;

  1).Drinkingandsmokingamongyoungpeople_____toanalarmingextent.

  2).Thetruthisbecoming______apparent.

  3).The____friendlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountriesstrengthentheculturalexchangesbetweenthem.

  3.prevalent:

a流行,普通=popular

  4.calculator:

n计算者,计算器,calculate:

v计算;calculation:

n计算;calculating:

a诡计多端

  5.expose:

v使暴露,揭露,揭发,exposure:

n;exposesbtosth让某人接触。

  6.completion:

n完毕、结束,由此可以联想到:

  complete:

v完毕,a完整,completeness:

n完整;incomplete:

a不完整

  1).He____deniedtheexistenceofgod.

  2).Hehasnever____aprojectontime.

  3).Moneywillbepaidhalfinadvanceandhalfon_______.

  4).Whenwillthenewrailway________?

  7).intensity:

n强烈、激烈,由此可以联想到:

  intense=strong:

a强烈,intensive:

a密集,加强;intensify:

v加强;intension:

n强烈、紧张。

  1).Weshould____thestruggleforpeace.

  2).Therearefewstrongsituationsormomentsofdramatic______.

  3).Theyhavebeenreceivingafour-day____trainingcourse.

  4).Theykeptworkinginthe____heat.

  Answers:

intensify,intensity,intensive,intense

  8.defective:

a有缺陷,defect:

n缺陷

  9.assemble:

v集合、装配;assembly:

n装配

  10.exposesth/sbtosth:

暴露,面临、遭受

  1).Peopleoftenexposetheirskintothesuninsummer.

  2).Iwon’texposemysoldierstosuchunnecessaryrisks.

  11.inthat:

在于,由于

  1).Ilikethecountrybetterinthatitisclosertonature.

12.inquestion:

正被谈论,正被考虑(普通放在被修饰名词背面)

  Weknownothingabouttheplaninquestion.

  Analyzethedifficultsentences

  1.Mostoftoday’srobotsareemployedintheautomotiveindustry,wheretheyareprogrammedtotakeoversuchjobsasweldingandspraypaintingautomobileandtruckbodies.(p2)

  翻译:

今天大多数机器人用于汽车工业,它们按照编好程序接任了汽车和卡车车身焊接和喷漆这一类工作。

  分析:

该句考点是where引导非限定性定语从句,修饰intheautomotiveindustry。

此外请注意几种词用法:

employ:

v雇佣,使用,相称于use;program:

v编写程序;takeover:

接管、接受、接任,如:

Doyouwantmetotakeoverthedrivingifyouaretired?

  such...as例如,weldingandspraypainting是动名词,做宾语。

  2.Robots,alreadytakingoverhumantasksintheautomotivefield,arebeginningtobeseen,althoughtoalesserdegree,inotherindustriesaswell.(p3)

  翻译:

除了在汽车生产领域代替人工劳动外,机器人也开始在别工业部门应用,虽然应用限度低某些。

  分析:

该句考点如下:

alreadytakingoverhumantasksintheautomotivefield是当前分词短语做定语;tobeseen不定式被动概念;althoughtoalesserdegree让步状语,toalesserdegree是表达:

在更小限度上,反义词:

toalargerdegree.

  3.Therobotsusedinnuclearpantshandletheradioactivematerials,preventinghumanpersonnelfrombeingexposedtoradiation.(p3)

  翻译:

核电站里使用机器人解决辐射材料,避免人员接触放射性物质。

  分析:

主语:

Therobots;谓语:

handle;宾语:

theradioactivematerials;usedinnuclearpantshandletheradioactivematerials是过去分词短语做定语;preventinghumanpersonnelfrombeingexposedtoradiation是当前分词短语做随着状语。

beingexposedto动名词被动语态;preventsbfromdoing制止某人做某事。

  4.Robotsdifferformautomaticmachinesinthataftercompletionofonespecifictask,theycanbereprogrammedbyacomputertodoanotherone.(p4)

  翻译:

机器人与自动化装置区别在于它们完毕一项特定任务后可以由计算机重新编程去执行另一项任务。

  分析:

该句重要考点:

inthat,相称于because,所引导从句表因素。

如:

  Menaredifferentfromotheranimalsinthattheformercancreateandusetoolswhilethelattercannot.

  5.Itisnotyetknownwhetherrobotswillonedayhavevisionasgoodashumanvision.(p5)

  翻译:

人们不懂得与否有一天机器人能具备像人类同样好视觉。

  分析:

该句主语是whether引导主语从句。

(关于知识请见课后补充语法。

),it是形式主语;asgoodashumanvision是后置定语修饰vision;

  6.Engineersworkingonotheradvancesaredesigningandexperimentingwithnewtypesofmetalhandsandfingers,givingrobotsasenseoftouch.(p6)

  翻译:

在其她方面努力获得进展工程人员正在设计和实验新金属手臂和手指,使机器人具备触觉。

  分析:

请注意该句中几种-ing区别:

workingonotheradvances是非谓语动词中当前分词;aredesigningandexperimenting是谓语动词进行时态;givingrobotsasenseoftouch是非谓语动词当前分词做成果状语。

词组:

experimentwithsth实验。

  7.Thesefuturerobots,assembledwithasenseoftouchandtheabilitytoseeandmakedecisions,willhaveplentyofworktodo.(p7)

  翻译:

将来具备触觉、视觉并能决策机器人将可以做诸多工作。

  分析:

主语:

Thesefuturerobots;谓语:

willhave;宾语:

plentyofworktodo。

  assembledwithasenseoftouchandtheabilitytoseeandmakedecisions是过去分词短语做定语,修饰主语,其中动词不定式toseeandmakedecisions是此外一种定语,修饰theability.

  词组:

beassembledwithsth=beequippedwthsth装备有。

;asenseoftouch触觉,同样短语尚有:

asenseofsight/hearing/smell/taste:

视觉,听觉,嗅觉,味觉;asenseofhumor/direction:

幽默感/方向感。

makedecisions做出决定;plentyofsth充分,足够

  8.Anyonewantingtounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillhavetoknowaboutrobotics.(p7)

  翻译:

任何但愿理解将来工业人必要懂机器人。

  分析:

这句话是国考题目中常考。

考点:

wantingtounderstandtheindustryofthefuture,是当前分词短语做定语,修饰anyone.词组:

knowaboutsth理解。

,懂得。

自学考试公共英语

(二)课程不规则动词表

-3-1014:

45:

00  来源:

环球网校  频道:

自学考试

  

中文 

原形动词 

过去式 

过去分词 

1 

浮现,升起 

arise 

arose 

arisen 

2 

开始 

begin 

began 

begun 

3 

吹 

blow 

blew 

blown 

4 

打断 

break 

broke 

broken 

5 

选取 

choose 

chose 

chosen 

6 

做 

do 

did 

done 

7 

画 

draw 

drew 

drawn 

8 

喝 

drink 

drank 

drunk 

9 

开车,驾驶 

drive 

drove 

driven 

10 

吃 

eat 

ate 

eaten 

11 

落下 

fall 

fell 

fallen 

12 

飞 

fly 

flew 

flown 

13 

冻结 

freeze 

froze 

frozen 

14 

给 

give 

gave 

given 

15 

去 

go 

went 

gone 

16 

长大 

grow 

grew 

grown 

17 

懂得 

know 

knew 

known 

18 

误解,弄错 

mistake 

mistook 

mistaken 

19 

成长速度超 

outgrow 

outgrew 

outgrown 

20 

骑 

ride 

rode 

ridden 

21 

响铃 

ring 

rang 

rung 

22 

上升 

rise 

rose 

risen 

23 

看 

see 

saw 

seen 

24 

摇 

shake 

shook 

shaken 

25 

唱 

sing 

sang 

sung 

26 

下沉,沉没 

sink 

sank 

sunk 

27 

说 

speak 

spoke 

spoken 

28 

偷 

steal 

stole 

stolen 

29 

发誓 

swear 

swore 

sworn 

30 

游泳 

swim 

swam 

swum 

31 

拿 

take 

took 

taken 

32 

撕,扯破 

tear 

tore 

torn 

33 

扔 

throw 

threw 

thrown 

34 

穿 

wear 

wore 

worn 

35 

写 

write 

wrote 

written 

当前分词为:

writing 

如下各词过去式与过去分词相似 

36 

弯曲 

bend 

bent 

bent 

37 

捆 

bind 

bound 

bound 

38 

带来 

bring 

brought 

brought 

39 

建造 

build 

built 

built 

40 

买 

buy 

bought 

bought 

41 

抓住 

catch 

caught 

caught 

42 

挖 

dig 

dug 

dug 

43 

喂 

feed 

fed 

fed 

44 

觉得 

feel 

felt 

felt 

45 

找到 

find 

found 

found 

46 

打仗 

fight 

fought 

fought 

47 

有 

have 

had 

had 

48 

听 

hear 

heard 

heard 

49 

抓拿 

hold 

held 

held 

50 

保持 

keep 

kept 

kept 

51 

放 

lay 

laid 

laid 

52 

领导 

lead 

led 

led 

53 

离开 

leave 

left 

left 

54 

借出 

lend 

lent 

lent 

55 

丢失 

lose 

lost 

lost 

56 

制做 

make 

made 

made 

57 

意思是 

mean 

meant 

meant 

58 

碰见 

meet 

met 

met 

59 

误解,误会 

misunderstand 

misunderstood 

misunderstood 

60 

恐慌 

panic 

panicked 

panicked 

61 

付钱 

pay 

paid 

paid 

62 

说 

say 

said 

said 

63 

谋求 

seek 

sought 

sought 

64 

卖 

sell 

sold 

sold 

65 

送 

send 

sent 

sent 

66 

射击 

shoot 

shot 

shot 

67 

坐 

sit 

sat 

sat 

68 

睡 

sleep 

slept 

slept 

69 

耗费 

spend 

spent 

spent 

70 

站 

stand 

stood 

stood 

71 

扫 

sweep 

swept 

swept 

72 

教 

teach 

taught 

taught 

73 

告诉 

tell 

told 

told 

74 

想 

think 

thought 

thought 

75 

懂得 

understand 

understood 

understood 

76 

哭泣 

weep 

wept 

wept 

77 

赢 

win 

won 

won 

78 

吹风,绕 

wind 

wound 

wound 

下列各词原形、过去式、过去分词都同样 

79 

爆炸 

burst 

burst 

burst 

80 

投扔 

cast 

cast 

cast 

81 

价值耗费 

cost 

cost 

cost 

82 

切 

cut 

cut 

cut 

83 

打击 

hit 

hit 

hit 

84 

伤害 

hurt 

hurt 

hurt 

85 

让 

let 

let 

let 

86 

放 

put 

put 

put 

87 

读 

read 

read 

read 

88 

流出 

shed 

shed 

shed 

89 

关闭 

shut 

shut 

shut 

90 

分离 

split 

split 

split 

91 

伸开 

spread 

spread 

spread 

92 

插刺 

thrust 

thrust 

thrust 

93 

弄翻心烦 

upset 

upset 

upset 

下列各词原形和过去分词相似 

94 

变得成为 

become 

became 

become 

95 

来 

come 

came 

come 

96 

跑 

run 

ran 

run 

97、98是特殊变化 

97 

击打 

beat 

beat 

beaten 

98 

忍受出生 

bear 

bore 

born/borne 

98后来各词过去式或过去分词为两可型 

99 

咬 

bite 

bit 

bit/bitten 

100 

忘掉 

forget 

forgot 

forgot/forgotten 

101 

得到 

get 

got 

got/gotten 

102 

躲藏 

hide 

hid 

hid/hidden 

103 

证明 

prove 

proved 

proved/proven 

104 

缝 

sew 

sewed 

sewed/sewn 

105 

出示展示 

show 

showed 

showed/shown 

106 

打击 

strike 

struck 

struck/stricken 

107 

唤醒 

awake 

awoke/awaked 

awoke/awaked 

108 

打赌 

bet 

bet/betted 

bet/betted 

109 

广播 

broadcast 

broadcast/broadcasted 

broadcast/broadcasted 

110 

燃烧 

burn 

burnt/burned 

burnt/burned 

111 

做梦 

dream 

dreamt/dreamed 

dreamt/dreamed 

112 

适合 

fit 

fit/fitted 

fit/fitted 

113 

*处死 

hang 

hanged 

hanged 

113 

悬挂 

hang 

hung 

hung 

114 

倾斜 

lean 

leant/leaned 

leant/leaned 

115 

学习 

learn 

learnt/learned 

learnt/learned 

116 

*撒谎 

lie 

lied 

lied 

116 

躺 

lie 

lay 

lain 

117 

挣脱 

rid 

rid/ridded 

rid/ridded 

118 

发光 

shine 

shined/shone 

shined/shone 

119 

嗅,闻 

smell 

smelled/smelt 

smelled/smelt 

120 

加速 

speed 

sped/speeded 

sped/speeded 

121 

拼写 

spell 

spelt/spelled 

spelt/spelled 

122 

溢出 

spill 

spilt/spilled 

spilt/spilled 

123 

醒 

wake 

woke/waked 

woke/waked/woken 

124 

弄湿 

wet 

wet/wetted 

wet/wetted 

自考英语

(二)常考词组汇总

-2-1813:

44:

00  来源:

环球网校  频道:

自学考试

  1.intheway

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