届高中英语语法复习专题讲练第119讲汇编全集含答案.docx

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届高中英语语法复习专题讲练第119讲汇编全集含答案.docx

届高中英语语法复习专题讲练第119讲汇编全集含答案

一时态

语法精讲1.一般现在时:

①经常性、习惯性的动作②现在的特征状态③普遍真理,客观存在,谚语格言,新闻标题,介绍说明,人物、作品评价等.④现在瞬间(多用于体育报道)

1)Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

2)ItneversnowsinGuangzhou.

3)Theteachersaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

4)Herecomesthebus.

⑤表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的情况(句中常有表未来的时间状语)即按时刻表规定或难于改变,但限于少数动词begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等。

eg.Thetrainleavesat10a.m.SchoolbeginsnextMonday.

⑥在时间或条件状语从句中,多用一般现在时表示将来时。

eg.HewillcometoseeyoubeforeheleavesChina.

注意:

有时从句中有情态动词will,不是指将来,而是一种意愿或客套话。

eg.Ifyouwillwait(=pleasewait)amoment,I’llgoandtellthemanagerthatyouarehere.

⑦表示状态、感觉、感情、从属、心理活动的动词,如be,exist,remain,stay,obtain;hear,see,seem,appear,smell(闻起来),taste,look,sound,feel;love,like,hate,hope,prefer,refuse,want,wish;belongto,contain,have,own,form;believe,doubt,know,remember,think等常用于一般现在时。

eg.

1)YouseewhatImean?

2)Iwantabook.3)Ithinkyouareright.

2.一般过去时:

1)表示过去某时发生的动作,存在的状态(包括习惯性动作);2)在谈到死者的情况时;3)表示过去经常发生的动作,可用usedto或would4)虚拟语气中。

eg.Asweallknow,LuXunwasagreatwriter.

It’shightimethatIwent.

I’dratheryoustayedhere.

IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tgo.

Heusedtocatchfishintheriver,buthedoesn’tnow.

(过去常做,暗含现在不做了)

Theoldmanwouldsitunderthetreeforseveralhours.(过去常做)

3.一般将来时:

表示将要发生的动作或情况。

构成:

(1)will(shall)+do/be意图,想要做(事先未考虑)

(2)begoingto+do/be:

计划好打算做;某事即将发生。

(3)beaboutto+do,(when从句):

正要做某事,(这时某事发生了)。

(4)beto+do/be:

约定好/决定了一定要做或要发生的事。

(5)come,go,arrive,leave,move,start等动词可用进行时表示将来时。

eg.MumiscomingbackformBeijing;Iwillbemeetingheratthestationthisafternoon.

过去将来时:

should+动词原形(第一人称);would+动词原形,等。

4.现在进行时/过去进行时:

Itsmellsterrible;Ithinksomethingisburning.(现在正在进行的动作)

I’mjusthelpingoutbeforethenewsecretarycomeshere.(现阶段正在进行)

Thenaughtyboyisbeingquitequiettoday.(表示一时的状态)

Wearemeetinghimafterthat.(计划安排将来的动作)

Wearewonderingifyoucanlendusahand.(委婉语气)

Iwashopingyou’dcomebacksoon.(委婉语气)

Mumisalwayscomplainingaboutmystudies.(感情色彩)

Thebridgeisunderconstruction/repair.

5.现在完成时:

①动作在说话之前已完成,且对现在有影响(句中无具体时间状语)

eg.HehasgonetotheUnitedStates.HehasbeentotheUSAtwice.

②动作始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去。

常用时间状语如forawhile,since,sofar,now,today,thisweek/month等。

eg.Hehasstudiedfor5years.Hehasstudiedsince1995.NowIhavefinishedmywork.

③用于时间或条件状语从句,强调动作先完成:

I’llgotoyourhomewhenIhavefinishedmyhomework.

Ifithasstoppedsnowinginthemorning,we’llgotothepark.

④短暂性动词如come,go,die,marry,buy,join等的完成时在肯定句中不能与一段

时间连用,但否定句可以。

“他参军3年了”:

Hejoinedthearmyin2001.→Itisthreeyearssincehejoined

thearmy.→Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.→Hehasservedinthearmyforthreeyears.→Hehasbeenanarmymanforthreeyears.

Hehasn’tcomebackhomeforthreeyears.

区别:

Itistwomonthssincehefellill.(短暂性动词。

他病了两个月了。

Itistwomonthssincehewasill.(延续性动词。

他病愈已有两个月了。

6.过去完成时:

“过去的过去”;句中常用bythen,bytheendoflastyear,before,when等引导的时间状语。

7.现在完成进行时:

某一动作从过去开始,一直进行到现在,可能已经完成;也可能继续下去。

eg.--Sorrytohavecomelate.–-Ihaven’tbeenwaitinglong.(可能已完成)

WehavebeenstudyingEnglishforalmostsixyears.(可能未完成)

二语态

语法精讲1.当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语(vi.Vt.)的形式叫主动语态;当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语(vt.)用被动语态。

被动语态的结构:

1)一般现在时:

Youarerequiredtodothis.

2)一般过去时:

Thestorywastoldbyher.

3)一般将来时:

Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.

4)现在进行时:

Theroadisbeingwidened.

5)过去进行时:

Thenewtoolwasbeingmade.

6)过去完成时:

Hesaidthatworkhadbeenfinished.

7)现在完成时:

Thenovelhasbeenread.

2.一些特殊的被动结构:

1)情态动词的被动结构:

Theproblemmustbesolvedsoon.

2)带非谓语的被动结构:

Theroomisgoingtobepainted.Ihatebeingmadefunof.

3)短语动词的被动结构:

①(不及物)动词+介词:

agreeto,askfor,callfor,laughat,listento,lookafter,operateon,sendfor,talkabout,thinkof.etc.

②(及物)动词+副词:

bringabout,carryout,findout,giveup,handin,makeout,pointout,putaway,turndown,workout,etc.

③动词+副词/名词+介词:

doawaywith,faceupto,giveinto,lookdownupon,makeupfor,putupwith,takecareof,catchsightof,takenoticeof,payattentionto,putanendto,setfire/lightto,takeholdof,keepaneyeon,makeuseof,makeafoolof,etc.

Thebabyislookedaftercarefully.Closeattentionmustbepaidtoit.

Theywillbetaken(good)careof.Goodcarewillbetakenofthem.

4)复合宾语的被动结构:

Tomwasfoundill/lyinginbed/injured/ofgreatvalue/outside.(宾补变为主补)

5)“getdone”结构通常表示①动作的结果②未曾料到的事态③“最后终于”出现的某

种事态:

getburnt,getpaid,getdressed,getmarried,getinjured,getwounded,getrobbed,getfrightened,getexcited,getinterested,etc.

3.系表结构与被动结构的区别:

Theglassisbrokennow.Thebookiswellwritten.(状态。

无动作执行时间或执行者)

TheglasswasbrokenbyTomjustnow.(动作。

有动作时间或执行者)

Thehomeworkremainsuntouched/undone.

4.主动形式表示被动意义:

1)某些动词作谓语:

sell,read,feel,write,wear,wash,open,clean,cook,keep,cut,fill,blow,measure,lock,run,record,begin,shut,etc.

Thebookssellwell.Themachinerunswell.Yourpoemreadswell.

Thiscoatwearslong.Theclothwasheseasily.Thepenwritessmoothly.

2)表示状态特征的连系动词:

look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear等。

Goodmedicinetastesbitter.Whatyousaidprovedtobecorrect.

3)动词want,need,require等当“需要”讲时:

Thepatientneedsoperatingon/tobeoperatedonwithoutdelay.

4)beworthdoing=beworthytobedone=beworthyofbeingdone

Theplaceisworthasecondvisit.=Theplaceisworthvisitingagain.

5)不定式的主动形式表被动意义:

①句中不定式的逻辑主语是句中的主语或宾语时:

Ihavealotofworktodo.I’llgivehimsomethingtoread.

②“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构中,不定式与主语构成动宾关系:

Histelephonenumberiseasytoremember.Themanisdifficulttodealwith.

③在“There+be+名词+不定式”结构中,不定式用主动或被动皆可;

在“This/That+be+名词+不定式”中,不定式用主动:

Therearemanyquestionstodiscuss(tobediscussed).

This/Thatisahardquestiontoanswer.Thatisaniceplacetovisit.

④不定式tolet,toblame,toseek等,常用主动:

Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident.Thecaristolet.

5.汉语主动,英语被动形式:

Itissaidthat…(=Peoplesaythat…)据说;Itishopedthat…(=Peoplehopethat…)希望;Itissupposedthat…根据推测说;Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认;itmustbepointedoutthat…必须指出;Itiswellknownthat…众所周知;Itwillbesaidthat…有人会说;Itwillgenerallybeconsideredthat…大家认为;Itisbelievedthat…有人相信

6.主动句不能变为被动句的情况:

1)谓语是及物动词leave,enter,reach,suit,benefit,lack等。

2)谓语是不可拆开的短语动词takeplace,loseheart,belongto,consistof等。

3)宾语是同源宾语、不定式、动名词、从句等。

语法精练:

1.--Howareyoutoday?

--Oh,I_______asillasIdonowforaverylongtime.

A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeelingC.don’tfeelD.haven’tfelt

2.–I’dliketogotothecinemawithyou,Dad?

–Sorry,mydarling,butthefilm_____foradultsonly.

A.intendsB.isintendedC.isbeingintendedD.isintending

3.–Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?

--I’msorryI_____anythingabutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’saprettyonyou.

A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay

4.Theantswerebusycarryingearthintheirmouthstogettheentrancetotheirnest_____.

A.beingstoppedupB.stoppedupC.tobestoppedD.stoppingup

5.–Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?

–I_____,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.

A.hasB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did

6.–-Areyougoingtothemeeting?

–-No.Themeeting_____untilnextMonday.

A.willbeputoffB.isbeingputoffC.hasbeenputoffD.hasputoff

7.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatwater_____at100degreescentigrade.

A.boilsB.boiledC.wasboilingD.isboiling

8.Thewaterwillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures______.

A.willbetakenB.aretakenC.weretakenD.havetaken

9.He_____togetmeataxi,butI_____thebusdowntoOxfordStreet.

A.offered;hastakenB.hadoffered;wastaking

C.hasoffered;tookD.wouldoffer;took

10.Peopleoftenwanttoknowwhatmyjobis.OftenI_____thatquestion.

A.askB.amaskingC.getaskedD.getasking

11.Theworkers____thecarbusilywhenMrs.Brownwenttogetatoolhe_______there.

A.wererepairing;hadleftB.wererepairing;left

C.hasrepaired;hadleftD.hadrepaired;left

12.Allthepreparationsforthetask______,andwe’rereadytostart.

A.completedB.complete

C.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted

13.---ShallIsendthisreporttothemanager?

---Yes,please.AndI______flytoLondonnextTuesday.

A.gottoB.gettoC.willgettoD.havegotto

14.Shirley___abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.

A.haswrittenB.waswritingC.hadwrittenD.wrote

15.Visitors_______nottotouchtheexhibits.

A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested

16.---Whydon’tyourideyourbike?

---I_____iteverydaythisweek.I’mtiredofridingnow.

A.rodeB.haveriddenC.havebeenriddingD.doride

17.It_____morethan100yearsbeforethewholearea_____tolookasitdid.

A.willbe;beginsB.is;beginsC.is;beganD.was;begins

18.---Wehavesentouttwobestplayerstothesportsmeet.Whataboutyou?

---Well,notyet.Wehavefew______,I’dsay.

A.tochooseB.tochoosefromC.chosenD.tobechosen

19.Theboxofcoinswassaid_______byaChineseinthelate19thcentury.

A.tobeburiedB.tohavebeenburiedC.beingburiedD.tobury

20.We_____toseeher,butfoundshewasout.

A.wantedB.hadwantedC.wouldwantD.waswanting

21.–Doyoulikethematerial?

–Yes,it______verysoft.

A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

22.Iwouldrathergotoworkasusualthan_____inhospital.

A.gettingtreatedB.togettreatedC.gettreatedD.treated

23.IwonderwhyJenny____usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.

A.hasn’twrittenB.doesn’twriteC.won’twriteD.hadn’twritten

24.She_______th

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