轮机英语会话评估问答题翻译 3.docx
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轮机英语会话评估问答题翻译3
D轮机英语会话评估问答题参考答案
第一章
1带过.Howlonghaveyouworkedonboard?
(你在船上工作多长时间了?
)
(For5years.)五年了
2带过.Whichcertificatedoyouhavenow?
(你现在持有什么证书?
)
(2ndEngineercertificate.)大管证书
3带过.Whatisyourmaritalstatus?
(你的婚姻状况是什么?
)
Howmanydepartmentsarethereonboard?
(船上有多少个部门?
)
(Iamunmarried.Therearethreedepartmentsonboard.Suchas
engine,deckandservicedepartments.)我未婚。
船上有三个部门,即甲板部、轮机部和服务部。
4带过.Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?
Areyoumarried?
(你家里有几口人?
你结婚了吗?
)
(Three.No,I’mnotmarried.)三口,未婚
5带过.Howmanycountrieshaveyoueverbeento?
(你曾经去过多少个国家?
)
(Four.SuchasJapan,America,Canada......)四个,例如日本,美国,加拿大等等
6.带过Whendidyoubegintoworkonboard?
Whatkindofshiphaveyouworkedon?
(你什么时候开始上船工作的?
你在哪些类型的船上工作过?
)
(In1999.Cargoship.)1999年,货船
7.带过Howmanyimportantcanalsarethereallovertheworld?
(世界上有几大重要的运河?
)
(Two.thePanamaandSuez.)两大运河,巴拿马和苏伊士运河
8.带过Canyoutellmewhatisthemostimportantthingforaseafarer?
(能不能告诉我对于一个船员来说最重要的事情是什么吗?
)
(Safety.Safetyfirst)安全,安全第一
9.Whatkindsofmainengineandgeneratorenginehaveyouworkedon?
(你工作过的主机和发电机是什么类型的?
)
(Mainengine:
Sulzer,ManB&Wenginesandsoon.Generatorengine:
Yama,WatsilaDieselandsoon.)主机:
苏尔寿,ManB&W主机等等,辅机:
雅玛,瓦锡兰等等
10.带过Whichclassificationsocietyisyourshipregisteredwith?
你们的船在哪个船级社登记注册的?
)
(CCS.)中国船级社
11.Haveyouworkedanyshipthatcauseddamageincriticalequipment?
(你工作过的船发生过重大机损吗?
)
No,ihaven,tIservedmyjobcautiously.是的,我工作过的货船主机损坏过
12.Howdoyoumakeyourmaintenanceschedules?
(如何制定你们的维修保养计划?
)
(Itisbasedonship’splanedmaintenancesystemandthemachineryrunninghoursrecords.)(它基于船舶计划维护保养体系和机器机械的运转时间记录)
13.带过Couldyoulistinternationalconventionsconcerningmarineshipping?
(你能列举有关海运的国际公约吗?
)
(STCW,SOLAS,MARPOL,ISMCodeandsoon.)
14.CouldyoutelltheusagesoftheSTCWconvention?
(你能谈谈STCW公约的用途吗?
)
(Toprovidestandardsoftraining,certificationandwatchkeepingforseafarers.)(提供船员培训、发证和值班标准的国际公约。
)
15.WhatisthepurposeofClassificationSociety?
Couldyoulistsomeofthem?
(船级社的目的是什么?
能不能列举一些船级社?
)
(Toensuresafetyofshipandhumanlife,andpreventpollutionoftheenvironment.CCS,ABS,NK,DNVandsoon.)(确保船舶以及人命安全,防止环境污染)
16.Couldyoulistdifferentkindsofship'ssurveys?
(你能列举不同种类的船舶检验吗?
)
(Annualsurvey,dockingsurvey,specialsurvey,etc.)(年检,坞检,特别检验等等)
17带过.WhatdoesUMSstandfor?
HaveyouservedUMS?
(UMS代表什么?
你在UMS船上干过吗?
)
(UnattendedMachinerySpace.Yes.)(无人机舱)
18.HaveyouevenexperiencedPSCinspection?
Whereandwhenwasyourlastinspection?
(你经历过PSC检查吗?
上次检查在哪里什么时候检查的?
)
NOIHavent
19.Whatshouldbepaidattentiontointheoverhaulofacylinder?
(在气缸大修过程中应该注意什么?
)
(EveryoperationmustbecompliedwiththeprecautionmeasuresregulatedintheSMS.)(每次操作必须符合SMS规定的预防措施)
20.Beforeenteringanenclosedspacesuchasballasttank,whatactionwillyoutake?
(进入封闭空间例如压载舱之前,将要采取什么措施?
)
(Checkthecontentofoxygenandventilation.)(检查氧气含量和通风情况)
21.Pleasetellmetheminimumsafeoxygenpercentageforthesafetyoftheworkersinanenclosedspace.(为了在封闭空间工人的安全,请告诉我最低安全氧气百分比是多少?
)
MoreThen(18%.)EITINGPERSENTandnomorethen23
第二章
1.Pleaseintroduceonetypeofthemainengine.请介绍一种主机类型
(Themainengineislargeboretwo-strokecrossheadtypewithturbochargingsystem.)大缸径二冲程十字头型带有涡轮增压系统的主机
2.Pleaseintroducefuelinjectionprocessofelectronicallycontrolledmainengine.(请介绍电控主机的燃油喷射过程。
)
(Theelectronics’controloffuelinjectionimproveslow-loadoperationenginespeedingup,givingbetterenginebalanceandloadcontrol.)电控主机的燃油喷射提高了发动机低负载运行时的加速,更好地平衡发动机和负载控制。
3.Pleaseintroducedualfueltechnologyofmainengine.(请介绍主机的双燃料技术。
)
(Thiskindofmainenginecanburnbothnaturalgasandfueloil)这种主机可以燃烧用在大型中速柴油机上的天然气和燃油。
4.Whyisthetwo-strokeenginewidelyusedonboardship?
(为什么二冲程柴油机广泛应用于船上?
)
2(Becauseofitslonglife,lowercostandreliability.)因为它寿命长、费用低、和可靠性好
5.Whyistheairexchangingqualityoffour-strokeenginemorethanthatoftwo-strokeengine?
(为什么四冲程柴油机的换气质量比二冲程的要好?
)
(Four-strokeenginehasanenoughoverlapbetweeninletv/vopeningandexhaustv/vclosing.)(四冲程柴油机中,进气阀打开和排气阀关闭之间有足够的气阀重叠期。
)
6.带过Pleaseintroducethreemovingpartsofmarinedieselengine.(请介绍船用主机的3个运动部件。
)
(Piston,crankshaft,connectingrod.)活塞,曲轴,连杆
7.带过What'sthesequenceofthefourstrokes?
(四个冲程的顺序依次是什么?
)
(Suction,compression,expansionandexhaust.)吸气,压缩,膨胀和排气
8.Pleaseintroducefourfixingpartsofmarinedieselengine.(请介绍船用主机的4个固定部件。
)
(Bedplate,cylinderblock,cylindercoverandframe.)机座,气缸体,气缸盖和机架
9.Whatiscalledaworkingcycleofdieselengine?
(什么称为柴油机的一个工作循环?
)
(Theoperationbetweentwoinjections.)两次喷射之间的操作叫做一个工作循环
10.Whatisthefoundationofdieselengine?
(柴油机的底座是什么?
)
(Bedplate.)机座
11.Whatarethefunctionandfeatureofthetierods?
(贯穿螺栓的作用和特点是什么?
)
(Toholdthebedplate,framesandcylinderblocktogether.Longandgoodtensioningstrength.)作用是把机座,机架和气缸体三者连接在一起。
特点是具有长并且好的张力
12.Whatisthefunctionofthegovernor?
(调速器的作用是什么?
)
(Tocontroltheenginespeed.)控制发动机的速度
13.Whatisthefeatureofthegovernor?
(调速器的特点是什么?
)
Isautomaticallymanitainingthecostentspeedorderdbytheoperatorofengine
14.Whatisusedforconnectingthepistonrodandconnectingrod?
(什么用来连接活塞杆和连杆?
)
(Crosshead.)十字头
15.Whatisusedforsealingbetweenthecrankcaseandscavengingairbox?
(曲柄箱和扫气箱之间的密封是通过什么实现的?
)
(stuffingbox.)填料函
16.Whatarethetwotypesofthecoolingsystem?
(冷却系统地两种类型是什么?
)
(Theclosedcoolingsystemandtheopencoolingsystem.)闭式冷却系统和开式冷却系统
17.What'sthefunctionoftheheadtankinthecoolingwatersystem?
(冷却系统中高置水箱的作用是什么?
)
(Forexpansionofwaterandwatermake-up.)膨胀和补水
18.Pleaseintroducetheopencoolingsystem.(请介绍一下开式冷却系统。
)
(Opencoolingsystemusesimilarelementswithclosedsystemexceptthatadraintankisusedinsteadofaheadtank.Andthecoollentofopencoolingsystemisseawatertheclosecoolingsystenisfreshwater)开式冷却系统与闭式冷却系统使用相似的元件,但是开式冷却系统用泄放柜代替了高置水柜
19.Pleaseintroducetheclosecoolingsystem.(请介绍一下闭式冷却系统。
)
(Closedcoolingsystemmakestheenginejacketheatexchangerandcirculatingpumptoformacontinuouscircuitwithaheadtankopentoatmosphere.)闭式冷却系统让缸套热交换器和循环泵形成了一个连续的回路,同时还带有一个通向大气的高置水柜
20.Pleaseintroducethecentralcoolingsystem.(请介绍一下中央冷却系统。
)
(Centralcoolingsystemisbasedonsamedesignprincipleswithconventionalseawatercoolingsystembutwithacentralcoolerandoneadditionalsetofpump)中央冷却系统与传统的冷却系统基于相同的设计原理,除了带有中央冷却器和一套额外的泵
21.What'stheadvantageofthecentralcoolingwatersystem?
(中央冷却系统的优点是什么?
)
(Thecorrosionproblemsaregreatlyreduced.)腐蚀问题被大大地降低
22.带过Howtocontrolfueloilviscosityofmainengine?
(如何控制燃油的粘度?
)
(Bycontrollingtheoiltemperature.)通过控制燃油的温度
23.Pleaseintroducetwosub-systemsofthefueloilsystem.(请介绍一下燃油系统的两个子系统)
(Theyarefuelsupplyandfuelinjectionsystems.)燃油供应和燃油喷射系统
24.Pleasespeakoutthefunctionofthefueloilviscosityregulator.(请说出燃油粘度调节器的作用)
(Controllingtheoiltemperature.)控制燃油的温度
25.Howdoesthefueloilviscosityregulatorwork?
(燃油粘度调节器是如何工作的?
)
(Bycontrollingandadjustingthefueloil’stemperature.)通过控制和调节燃油的温度
26.Pleasetellatleastthreecompositionoffueloil.(说出燃油至少3种成分)
(Sulphur,carbon,sodiumandsoon)硫,碳,氢,钠等等
27.Pleasenameatleastthreeofmainfactorstoselectafueloil.(请列举出选择燃油时应考虑的至少3个主要因素)
(Viscosity,watercontent,flashpoint,settingpointandsoon.)粘度,水分,闪点,凝点,热值等等
28.Whatistheusualcoolantinthemarinedieselengine?
(船舶柴油机最常用的冷却剂是什么?
)
(Freshwater.)淡水
29.Whyseawaterisnotuseddirectlyasacoolantindieselengine?
(为什么海水不能直接做为柴油机的冷却剂?
)
(Becauseitiscorrosive.)因为它有腐蚀性
30.What'stheadvantageofoil-coolingpiston?
(油冷活塞的优点是什么?
)
(Leakingintocrankcasewillnotcauseproblems.)泄漏到曲柄箱不会引起污染问题
31.What'sthedisadvantageofwater-coolingpiston?
(水冷活塞的缺点是什么?
)
(Coolingwaterleakagecanpollutethelubeoil.)冷却水泄漏能污染滑油
32.What'sthefunctionofthelubricatingoilinmainengine?
(主机中的滑油的作用是什么?
)
(Toreducefriction,removeheat,neutralizeacidconditions,andsoon.)减少摩擦,移除热量,中和酸性状况,冲走磨屑等等
33.Howdoyoucleanthelubeoilfilters?
(你怎样清洁滑油滤器?
)
(Bywashingwithdieseloilandblowitwithcompressair)用柴油清洗
34.Whendoyoucleanthefueloilfilters?
(你什么时候清洗燃油滤器?
)
(Whenthefilterisdirty.)当滤器被杂质堵住的时候
35.Whymustthecylinderoilhavealkalinity?
(为什么气缸油必须具有碱性?
)
(Toneutralizeacidconditions.)中和酸性状况
36.What’sthefunctionofthecylinderoil?
(气缸油的作用是什么?
)
(Lubrication,sealingandremovingheat.)润滑,密封和移除热量
37.Howdoyoustarttheaircompressor?
(你怎样启动空压机?
)
(checkthelubeoilleverturnitandmakesurethatitcanturnsmoothlythenstartit
38.Whatdoyoupayattentiontowhenyoustandbyengine?
(备车的时候你应该注意什么?
)
(Checkvariouspressureandtemperatures,warmuptheengine,turntheenginewithturninggearandsoon.)检查各种各样的压力和温度,暖机,用盘车机盘车等等
39.Doyouknowthereasonswhytheenginedoesnotstartonair?
(你知道发动机空气启动失败的原因是什么吗?
)
(Toolowstartingairpressure,incorrecttimingofstartingairvalve,andsoon.)起动空气压力太低,起动空气阀定时错误等等
40.Whatshouldyouperiodicallydofortheairreservoir?
(你定期对空气瓶做哪些保养?
)
(Drainoilywater.)泄放油污水
41.What’sthefunctionofgasexchangeindieselengine?
(柴油机换气的作用是什么?
)
(Supplyingfreshairandremovingexhaustgases.)提供新鲜空气移除废气
42.What’sthefunctionofsuperchargingindieselengine?
(柴油机增压的作用是什么?
)
(Toincreaseoutputpower.)增加输出功率
43.Howdoyouoperatethemainengineincoldweather?
(在寒冷天气下你如何操作主机?
)
(Towarmupthemainenginefirst.)首先暖机
44.Howdoyouheatthemainengine?
(你如何对主机暖机?
)
(Bycirculatingthecoolingwaterwhichisheatedtopropertemperature.)通过循环加热到合适温度的冷却水来暖机
45.Howdoyouchangedieseloilintofueloil?
(如何把柴油换到燃油?
)
(heatingfueloiltopropertemperatureandopenthefueloilvalve.gradurlly)柴油加热到合适的温度,打开燃油