华中科技大学英语双学位论文.docx

华中科技大学英语双学位论文.docx

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华中科技大学英语双学位论文

翻译实践及翻译心得—简论翻译技巧与方法

摘要

本次翻译实践正文的第一部分是一篇自己通过本次翻译实践所收获的心得体会，心得体会的内容主要包括两个方面，第一个方面是自己的在这次翻译实践中所运用的翻译技巧和翻译方法，这些翻译技巧和方法也是我在本次翻译实践中不断总结和升华的。

翻译心得的第二个方面是我对于这次翻译实践所得到的收获，主要从翻者必备的素质、翻译的标准、翻译的要领等等反面进行了全面的阐述。

翻译实践正文的第二部分，包含两篇待译文章：

一篇标题为“TriptoRussia”的英译汉文章；一篇标题为“岁时节日的民俗特点”的汉译英文章。

“TriptoRussia”是一篇围绕俄罗斯的简要概况、旅游事项、旅行安全等方面的商务旅游型文章，主要以介绍者的身份向游客介绍俄罗斯的基本情况和旅游中应该注意的一些基本问题及安全问题。

“岁时节日的民俗特点”则是一篇中国学术期刊上的文章，它从中国岁时节日出发，从深层次讨论了岁时文化的特点及发展规律，进而揭示中国传统文化的内涵及缺憾。

经过对这两篇文章的翻译过程，自己收获良多，对翻译这项语言工作有了更深刻的了解，也让自己的翻译能力有了一定的提高。

关键词：

翻译文化旅游心得技巧

TranslationPracticeandGainsfromIt---ABriefRemarkontheSkillsandMethodsinTranslation

Abstract

Thefirstpartofthisthesisconcerningaboutmygainsfromthistranslationpractice,whichillustratedfromtwoaspect.Foronehand,IstatedthetranslationskillsIusedinthispractice,suchasamplification,repetition,omission,inversion,division,literaltranslationandfreetranslationetc.,whichwasgainedandenhancedfrommytranslation.Foranotherhand,Iillustratedmygainsfromthework,regardtowhataperfecttranslatormustbelike,thecertaincriteriaintranslatingandthenecessaryrequirementintranslating,whichwasofvitalimportancetomygainsandtranslationwork.Whatismore,onethispartIalsotalksaboutthedifficultiesImetinthetranslationpractice,forinstance,thelongsentencesinEnglishandshortidiomsinChinese,sincelongEnglishsentencesareverycomplicatedinstructure,involvingvariouslogicalandgrammaticalrelationships.Itisnoteasytodistinguishalongsentence’sstructureataglance.Then,IstatedhowdidIovercomethemandmadethetranslationperfectandconciseThesecondpartofthisthesis,withrespecttotwopiecesofmaterialsformetotranslate.TheEnglish-Chinesetranslationversion,whichistitledas“TriptoRussia”,providesanintroductiontoRussiaandhowtotravelaroundRussia.Theother,aChinese-Englishtranslatedversion,isasectionofthe“FolkFeaturesofSeasonalFestivals”,whichtalksaboutthefolkfeaturesofChineseseasonalfestivals.ItreferstothetraditionalseasonalfestivalsofChinawhichcanbetracedbacktothousandsofyearsagoAfterthetranslationofthesetwoarticles,IrealizedthatIhavelearnedalotfromthetranslationpractice.Itrequiresaprofoundknowledgeaboutthesourcelanguageandagoodmasteryofthetargetlanguage.Fromthetranslation,IhavelearnedalotaboutRussiaandancientChina,andmyEnglishabilitiesareimprovedgreatlyinthetranslationprocess.

KeyWords:

translationculturetravelinggainsskills

Contents

摘要i

Abstractii

1.GainsFromtheTranslationPractice1

1.1TranslationSkillsIUsed1

1.2GainsfromtheWork3

2.FestivalsinChina9

2.1FolkFeaturesofSeasonalFestivals9

2.2ModernFestivals13

3.去俄罗斯旅行16

3.1简介16

3.1.1位置16

3.1.2地形和气候16

3.1.3地理区域16

3.1.4时区16

3.2写在赴旅之前17

3.2.1要带的东西17

3.2.2旅游信息服务17

3.2.3什么时候去17

3.2.4护照及签证17

3.2.5签证的类型17

3.2.6健康和旅行保险18

3.2.7电力18

3.3俄罗斯的安全19

3.3.1警惕偷窃和抢劫19

3.3.2在你开车时提高警惕19

3.3.3避免袭击19

Bibliography20

1.GainsFromtheTranslationPractice

Thetwopiecesofmaterialsformetotranslateareaboutculture.TheEnglish-Chinesetranslationversion,whichistitledas“TriptoRussia”,providesanintroductiontoRussiaandhowtotravelaroundRussia.Theother,aChinese-Englishtranslatedversion,isasectionofthe“FolkFeaturesofSeasonalFestivals”,whichtalksaboutthefolkfeaturesofChineseseasonalfestivals.Franklyspeaking,theEnglish-Chineseversionfortranslationiscomparativelyeasier,butChinese-EnglishtranslationisratherdifficultasitreferstothetraditionalseasonalfestivalsofChinawhichcanbetracedbacktothousandsofyearsago.ThetermsusedarerarelyusedtodayandeventheunderstandingofChinesewilltakealongtime.

Afterthetranslationofthesetwoarticles,IrealizedthatIhavelearnedalotfromthetranslationpractice.Itrequiresaprofoundknowledgeaboutthesourcelanguageandagoodmasteryofthetargetlanguage.Fromthetranslation,IhavelearnedalotaboutRussiaandancientChina,andmyEnglishabilitiesareimprovedgreatlyinthetranslationprocess.Inthefollowing,IamgoingtointroducesomespecifictranslationskillsIhaveadoptedintranslatingdifficultsentences,andmypersonalgainsfromthetranslationpracticeindetail.

1.1TranslationSkillsIUsed

Inthewholeprocess,Ihavealwaysbeenusingthetranslationskillslearnedintheclass—amplification,repetition,omission,inversion,division,thechangesofvoices,literaltranslationandfreetranslationetc.AtfirstIwasgreatlyworriedaboutthetranslationoflong,complexsentences.Butaftertakingthepainbydividingthemintolotsofsmallparts,Ifounditisnotthatdifficultanymore.AlthoughIstillcan’tfullyunderstandsomepartsofthearticleaccurately,Imanagedtotranslatethetwoarticlessmoothlyintotheirtargetlanguages.

Now,IwanttotakesomeexamplesfrommytranslationpracticetoillustratethetranslationskillsIused.IntheEnglish-Chinesetranslationversion,thereisasentencesthat“Manyoftheseattackstargetuniversitystudents,particularlythoseofAsianandAfricanorigin,butoldertouristshavealsobeentargeted.Travelersareurgedtoexercisecautioninareasfrequentedby“skinhead”groupsandwhereverlargegroupshavegathered.”Theworld“exercise”atfirstmakesmeconfused,however,whenIusethetranslationskillsIlearnedintheclass,likeinversionanddivision,IfoundthatIneednottotranslatethiswordinitsoriginalmeanings,andIneednottotallybefaithfultotheoriginalmeanings,Icanusethebackgroundandguesstheexactlywhatisthetruemeaningofthisword.So,whenImanagetotranslatethisword,Itakethiswordasthemeaningof“bemorecaution”,andtrytomakesomeomission.TheotherexampleisalsofromtheEnglish-Chinesetranslationversion,thesentenceisthat“TheclimaterangesfromhumidcontinentalinmuchofEuropeanRussiathroughsteppesinthesouth;subarcticinSiberiatotundraclimateinthepolarnorth;wintersvaryfromcoolalongBlackSeacoasttofrigidinSiberia;summersvaryfromwarminthesteppestocoolalongArcticcoast.”Thisisalongsentencesthatmakesmepuzzledtoo,however,aftertakingthispainbydividingthemintolotsofsmallparts,Ifounditisnotthatdifficultanymore.Ifixedtheword“from”andthenfoundtheword“to”tocombinewith.afterthatIfoundthatIhavedividedthissentencesintothreepart,andeveryparthaveitsownmeaningsandwhenIdividethislongEnglishsentenceintomeaningfulgroupsandidentifythemainclauseandthesubordinateclauses,analyzethelogicalrelationshipsamongthemeaningfulgroups（includingthetimeorderofactions）,IfoundthatIhaverearrangedtheChineseshortsentencesinlogicalorder,andhavemadethetranslationconciseandcohesive.

TherearesomeotherexamplesintheChinese-EnglishtranslatedversiontoillustratethetranslationskillsIused.Forinstance,thereisasentenceItranslatelikethis“However,thiskindofabusiveman-made"festivousactivities"shouldnotbeadvocated,norbesustainedas"festivals".Thereasonisthattheyareoutoftheinternalrulesofdevelopmentof"festivals".Festivalswereoriginallyanaturallyformedbufferinpeople'slonglivingpracticetomeettheneedsofproductionandliving”ThetranslationmaterialinChineseone,thesentencesisverydifficultandveryshort,justlikefourwordsingroup,andtherearealmostsixgrouplikethat.Sothatmakesmecrazy,however,whenImanagetotranslatemyChinesethoughtsintoEnglishone,IrealizedthatitisnotpossibleformetotranslatethesewordsintheChineseform,Icanunderstandthedeepmeaningsinit,andthentranslateitintheEnglishstyle,makingsomelongsentencesandaddingtheomissiontofullthesentencesandatthesametimeaddingsomenecessaryconnectivesanddeletingredundantwords.TheothersentencewhichIwanttohighlighthereisthat“Whensummercomes,farmersbecomemoreandmorebusyandtheyrarelyhavetimeforleisure.Peoplesufferfromashortperiodoftimeforfoodshortagewhenlast-yearswheatisalreadyusedupbutthewinterwheatisstillnotripe.Alsoitiseasytogetsickinthehotsummer,sothecustomoftheDragonBoatFestivalarecelebratedmainlytodriveawayevilsanddiseases.”ThemassofidiomphrasesinChinesealsomakesmeconfused.IevencannotunderstandthetruemeaningsinChinese,sohowcanItranslateitintoEnglish?

WhenInearlygaveup,IstimulatemyselftomakeeffortstolookinguptheseidiomsinthedictionaryofChineseidioms.AfterthatIgotridoftheconstraintinChineseidioms,andtranslatethesentencesinmyownwayandatthesametimereviseandpolishmytranslationtotheperfectandconciseone.

Inaword,whenIwasdealingwiththesetwomaterials,IfoundthatthetranslationoflongEnglishsentencesandshortChineseidiomsisoften“ahardnuttocrack”forme,sincelongEnglishsentencesareverycomplicatedinstructure,involvingvariouslogicalandgrammaticalrelationships.Itisnoteasytodistinguishalongsentence’sstructureataglance.Forexample,amodifierinalongsentenceissometimesseparatedfromitsheadwordbyinterveningwordsorphrases,andsuchaphenomenonoftenleadstomisunderstandingoftheentiresentence.Therefore,weneedtousethedividingskillsandomissionskillstomakethetranslationappropriate.

1.2GainsfromtheWork

Afterthisexperienceoftranslatingpractice,Ihavefelttheworkoftranslationisjustlikeapieceofmusic.Ifyouarewellacquaintedwithitsrhythmandmelody,youmaygivea