专四新题型写作讲义.docx

专四新题型写作讲义.docx

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专四新题型写作讲义

1.专四写作题型简介

考试项目

改革前

改革后

分值

字数

时间

分值

字数

时间

Composition

15

200

35

20

200

45

Notewriting

10

50－60

10

无此项

2.四级作文考试要求

测试要求:

能根据所给的作文题目、图表或阅读材料等，写一篇200个单词左右的作文。

能做到内容相关、充实，语言通顺，用词恰当，表达得体。

考试时间45分钟。

测试形式：

本部分为作答题，要求学生根据题目要求作答。

本部分为命题作文，文章体裁主要属于说明文、议论文或记叙文的范围。

测试目的：

测试学生的基本书面表达能力。

3.如何安排45分钟的考试时间：

步骤

时间安排

1.解读材料

10分钟

2.列提纲

3分钟

3.写作文

30分钟

4.检查拼写和语法错误

2分钟

年份

TEM4作文材料长度

2016年

222字

2017年

251字

2018年

275字

2019年

300字

4.评分标准

评分档次

（6个等级）

分数段

（整体描述）

内容阐述能力

（10分）

篇章组织能力

（3分）

语言运用能力

（7分）

5

18-20

4

15-17

3

12-14

6-7

2

8-11

1

1-7

1-5

1-3

0

0

0

0

0

写作Lesson1:

如何缩写

1.如何对所给材料提出SUMMARY

第一，字数要求。

缩写的字数不超过原文的三分之一缩写评分要求

第二，缩写必须准确表述文摘的主题和中心内容

第三，缩写必须全面抓住材料的所有要点

2.如何抓住材料要点语篇分析训练

1.材料的主题/话题（topic）是什么：

2.材料的要点是什么

3.专四材料常见类型和常见文章发展模式：

观点型问题解决型因果分析型

4.summary的写作框架

Step1:

引出topic（一句话）

Step2:

介绍材料观点（一句话）

Step3:

概括要点（2-5句话）常见要点类型：

原因、解决办法、积极/消极影响、

范例分析

Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonterm-timeholidayargumentsintheUK,andthenwriteyourresponseInNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:

1）summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen

2）commentonwhetherparentsshouldtakechildrenoutofschoolforholidayduringtermtimeinordertosavemoney

Youshouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt

Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks

Term-timeholidayswillbebanned（2016年真题）

ParentsaretobebannedbyMichaelGove,UK’sEducationSecretary,fromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschooltosavemoneyonholidays.

Heistoabolishtherightofheadteachersto"authoriseabsence"fromtheclassroom,whichhasbeenusedtoletfamiliestaketerm-timebreaks,andwillwarnthemtheyfacefinesfortheirchildrennotbeingatschool

“Anytimeoutofschoolhasthepotentialtodamageachild’seducation,"aseniorsourceattheDepartmentforEducationsaidthisweekend."Thatiswhythegovernmentwillendthedistinctionbetweenauthorisedandunauthorisedabsence.”

“Thisispartofthegovernment’swidercommitmenttobringdowntruancylevelsinourschools.Therewillalsobestricterpenaltiesforparentsandschools.”

ThetoughmeasuresontruancyarepartofawiderattemptbyMr.Govetomakeeducationmoreacademicallyrigorousandtotackleacultureintheeducationalestablishmentwhichhebelieveshasaccepted"excusesforfailure.”

RussellHobby,thegeneralsecretaryoftheNationalAssociationofHeadTeachers,saidthemeasurewoulddiscourageparentsfromtryingtoputpressureonheadstosanctiontermtimeholidays."Thehighcostofholidaysoutsideoftermtimeisstillanissuebutultimatelyachild'seducationismoreimportantthanaholiday,"hesaid.

卷一：

Term-timeHolidaysShouldBeBanned

Whethertheterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedhasarousedanheatendiscussionforalongtime.Someinfavorofholdthatthemorepopularterm-timeholidaystheyare,themorebadinfluencechildrenwillhave.However,someagainstitbecausetheythinktaketheirchildrenoutofschoolforholidayduringtermtimecansavemuchmoney.

Frommypointofview,Iaminclinedtobantheterm-timeholidays,….

评价:

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卷二

Term-timeHolidaysShouldBeBanned

Asisknowntoall,itpaystoomuchifwegoonholidaysoutsideoftermtime.Asaresult,someparentsareinclinedtotaketheirchildrenoutofschooltosavemoneyonholidays.

Recently,ahotdiscussionaboutwhetherterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedattractsourattention.Intermsofthistopic,MichaelGove,UK’SEducationSecretary,isinfavorofit.Asexpertssaid,anytimeoutofschoolwaslikelytodamageachild'seducation.Theauthoratativescontendthatparentsshouldbefinedfortheirmistakes.Ontheotherhand,somepeoplethinkthepunishmentisexcessivebutachild’seducationismoreimportantthanaholiday.

Frommyperspective,Iholdtheviewthatterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedforfollowingreasons:

…

评价:

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卷三

MyOpinionontheTerm-timeHolidays

Thelatestnewsontheterm-timeholidaysrevealsthatparentsaretobebannedfromtakingtheirchildrenawayfromschoolduringterm-time.Thosewhobreakthisnewrulewillfacefinesasaresult.

Theregulationwasestablished,accordingtoaseniorsourceattheDepartmentforEducation,mainlybecausethetimeoutofschoolwoulddoharmtochildren’seducationaldevelopment.Healsomentionedthattheregulationwasanintegralpartofgovernment'spracticetolowerthetruancylevelsinschools.Thisrigorousmeasureisbelievedtoresolvetheculturalproblemsintheeducationeventually.Additionally,thegeneralsecretaryoftheNationalAssociationofHeadTeachersconsideredthemeasureusefulasitwouldpreventparentsfromtoomuchpressure.

Tothebestofmybelief,itisunwisetobanparentsfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschoolforholidayinpurposeofsavingmoney.Firstly,….

评价:

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卷四

Ascanbeseenfromtheexcerpt,inUK,thereisafrequentoccurrenceamongparentstotaketheirchildrenoutofschooltoenjoyholidaysduringnormaltermtime.Thisispartlyduetothecostofjourneysincethisbehaviorwillsavethemmoney.However,itcanbesummarizedthatparentsarebannedbyUKSEducationDepartmentfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofacademicstudytogoonholidays.What'smore,thosewhoviolatetheregulationswouldbefinedandpunished.

评价:

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卷五

NewresearchhasshownthatnearlyfouroutoftenparentsintheUKhavetakentheirchildrenoutofschooltogoonholidays.Costisthemainreasongivenbyparentsforsacrificingtheirchildren'seducation.Parentsaretobebanned,however,byUKSEducationAuthorityfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschooltogoonholidaysduringtermtime.

评价:

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6.真题研析

2017年专四作文题目

ReadcarefullythefollowingexcerptandthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould

1）summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen

2）commentonwhetherourbrainswillgetlazyinaworldrunbyintelligentmachines.

Youcansupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.

Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks

Withintelligentmachinestodothethinking,willourbrainsgetlazy

Changingtechnologystimulatesthebrainandincreasesintelligence.Butthatmayonlybetrueifthetechnologychallengesus.Inaworldrunbyintelligentmachines,ourlivescouldgetalotsimpler.Wouldthatmakeuslessintelligent

Artificialintelligenceistakingovermanyhumanjobs.Forinstance,planesarebeingflownmuchofthetimebyautomaticpilots.Andthecomplexproblemofcontrollingairtrafficaroundlargemodernairportsisalsoachievedbyartificialintelligencethatoperateswellbeyondthecapabilityofmerehumanairtrafficcontrollers.

Artificialintelligenceisembeddedinmanyfeaturesofmodernlifeforthesimplereasonthatintelligentmachinescanalreadyoutperformhumans,includingsomeaptitudeswheretherewasoncethoughttobeahumanadvantage,suchasplayingchess,andwritingpoetry,orevennovels.

Asmachinesgetsmarter,theywilldomoreofourthinkingforusandmakelifeeasier.Inthefuture,theelectronicassistantwilldeveloptothepointthatitservessimilarfunctionsasareallivingbutler,fulfillingrequestssuchas:

"OrganizeadinnerpartyforsixonThursdayandinvitetheusualguests.”

Atthatpoint,ourlongstrugglewithchallengingtechnologiesisatanend.LikeBertieWooster,wecantakeiteasyknowingthatthehardworkofplanningandorganizingisbeingdonebyabetterbrain-----theelectronicassistant.Starvedofmentaleffort,ourbrainswillregress.

要点总结

Topic

Viewpoint

（谁的观点）

要点

SUMMARY:

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