北京北京大学附属中学最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习含答案.docx

北京北京大学附属中学最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习含答案.docx

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北京北京大学附属中学最新版高考英语阅读理解专题练习含答案

北京北京大学附属中学最新版高考英语阅读理解专题练习（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby.Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,"ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpoundstoo;soit'sawin-winsituationallaround."

   TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy,havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome.Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.InAustin,Tex,someofthegardenshaveathree-yearwaitinglist.

   GeorgeCBallJr.ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplantsareupby40%,overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthoflastfiveyears.Mr.Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.Thebigoneisstrikingriseinthecostonfoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreaseofhigheroilprice.Peoplearedrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.

（1）Whatdoestheword"residents"inParagraph1probablyreferto?

A. chickens                            B. tomatoes                            C. gardens                            D. people

（2）Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?

A. MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.             

B. Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.

C. There'sagrowingneedforfruits.                   

D. Thecostoflivingisontherise.

（3）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. FamilyFoodPlanning                                      

B. BankingonGardening

C. ABelt-tighteningMove                                   

D. GardeningasaHobby

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降，人们不得不自己种菜以降低生活成本。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.”可知，CassandraFeeley的旧房子成为了养鸡的地方，下个月新的居民就要来了。

这里的新居民就是指他们所养的鸡。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy,havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.”可知，菜园的出现是由于生活成本的上升以及经济的下降导致的。

故选D。

（3）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文讲述了越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降。

文章并没有涉及家庭食物计划和紧缩活动，更不是把园艺当成爱好。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   AnexperimentalcleanupdevicecalledRemoveDEBRIShassuccessfullycastanetaroundadummy（仿真的）satellite,imitatingatechniquethatcouldonedaycollectspacebornegarbage.

   Thetest,whichwascarriedoutthisweek,iswidelybelievedtobethefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofspacecleanuptechnology,expertstoldCNN.Anditsymbolizesanearlysteptowardsolvingwhathasalreadybeenacriticalissue:

junkinspace.

   Millionsofpiecesofjunkareturningaroundinorbittheresultof50yearsofspacetravelandfewregulationstokeepspaceclean.Atorbitalspeeds,evenasmallbitofpaintcrashingwithasatellitecancausecriticaldamage.

   Variouscompanieshaveplanstosendthousandsofnewsatellitesintolow-Earthorbit,alreadythemostcrowdedarea.

   TheRemoveDEBRISexperimentisrunbyacompanyandresearchersledbytheU.K.'sSurreySpaceCenterandincludesAirbus,Airbus-ownedSurreySatelliteTechnologyLtd.andFrance'sArianeGroup.

   GuglielmoAglietti,thedirectorofSurreySpaceCenter,saidthatanoperationalversionoftheRemoveDEBRlStechnologywouldcastanetthatremainsfastenedtothemainsatellitesothedebriscanbedraggedoutoforbit.Itcouldtargetlargepiecesofjunk,includingdeadsatellitesupto10meterslong.

   TheRemoveDEBRISsatellitewillconductafewmoreexperimentsinthecomingmonths,includingtestingnavigationfeaturesthatcouldhelpguidethesatellitetoaspecificpieceofdebris.

JonathanMcDowell,anastrophysicistattheHarvard-SmithsonianCenterforAstrophysics,saidthesuccessofthisweek'sexperimentwasexciting,buthecautionedagainst"over-publicizing"it.

   Therearestillenormousbarrierstoclearbeforeoperationalcleanuptasksareunderway,hesaid,andthemostdiscouragingisfiguringouthowtofundsuchprojects.

   Aglietti,theSurreyprofessorwhohelpedleadtheRemoveDEBRISproject,said"Thechallengewilllieinpersuadingtherelevantauthoritiestosponsorthesetasks."AgliettisaidhehopesRemoveDEBRISwillconductafewcleanuptasksperyear,targetingthelargestpiecesofjunkinthemostcrowdedorbits.

（1）WhatistheuseoftheRemoveDEBRISsatellite?

A. Demonstratingspacetechnology.                  

B. Imitatingadevelopingtechnique.

C. Collectingwastesexistinginspace.                

D. Symbolizinggreatprogressinspace.

（2）HowdoestheRemoveDEBRlSsatellitework?

A. Bythrowinganettotakethejunkfromorbit.

B. Byfasteningittothemainsatellitetightly.

C. Bydraggingsatellitesupto10meterslong.

D. Bytargetinglargepiecesofjunkcarefully.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sponsor"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A. Accomplish.                         

B. Support.                         

C. Oppose.                         

D. Provide.

（4）What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A. TheRemoveDEBRISProjectIsPerfect

B. HowRemoveDEBRISIsInventedintheLab

C. WhytheRemoveDEBRISSatelliteIsInvented

D. SatelliteCollectsSpaceJunkfortheFirstTime

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“卫星首次收集太空垃圾。

”一种名为“清除碎片”的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网，模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中“...,imitatingatechniquethatcouldonedaycollectspacebornegarbage.”模仿一种有一天可以收集太空垃圾的技术。

可知，theRemoveDEBRIS卫星的用途是收集太空中存在的废物。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第六段中的“...,saidthatanoperationalversionoftheRemoveDEBRlStechnologywouldcastanetthatremainsfastenedtothemainsatellitesothedebriscanbedraggedoutoforbit.Itcouldtargetlargepiecesofjunk,includingdeadsatellitesupto10meterslong.“该公司表示，一种操作性版本的RemoveDEBRlS技术将会在主卫星上撒网，这样碎片就可以被拖出轨道。

它可以瞄准大块的垃圾，包括长达10米的报废卫星。

”可知，RemoveDEBRlS卫星是通过撒网把垃圾带离轨道。

故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的”AgliettisaidhehopesRemoveDEBRISwillconductafewcleanuptasksperyear,targetingthelargestpiecesofjunkinthemostcrowdedorbits.“Aglietti说，他希望清理碎片的工作每年能进行几次，目标是最拥挤轨道上最大的垃圾碎片。

可知，“挑战在于说服有关当局赞助这些任务。

”可知，划线词的意思是“支持”。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的”Thetest,whichwascarriedoutthisweek,iswidelybelievedtobethefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofspacecleanuptechnology,expertstoldCNN.Anditsymbolizesanearlysteptowardsolvingwhathasalreadybeenacriticalissue:

junkinspace.“专家告诉CNN，本周进行的这次测试被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。

它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。

可知，本文主题是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾”。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   TripleOlympicandworldsprint（短跑）championUsainBoltofJamaicasaidonMondayheexpectsyearsoffastfeatstoeasedopingdoubtsinathleticsandhasnoplanstoplayAmericanfootball.

   AppearingonESPNprogramsandinlight-heartedracesoutsidethetelevisionsportnetwork'sstudios,Boltsaidhefeelshemustprovehimselftoaskepticalsportsworldinthewakeofpastdopingscandals（诽谤）.

   "Ihavetoprovemyselftotheworldthatyoucanrunfastwithoutit,"Boltsaid.

   BoltcitedthespeedsheandcountrymanAsafaPowellandAmericanTysonGayhaveachievedwithoutpositivedopingtests.

   "Wejust（haveto）continuetorunfast,"Boltsaid."Inacoupleofyearseveryonewillcontinuetowatchagainandhavelessdoubts."

   Boltwongoldinthe100m,200and4x100relayinworldrecordtimesatlastyear'sBeijingOlympicsandlastmonthinBerlinsetworldrecordsof9.58secondsinthe100and19.19inthe200andhelpedarelaytitleinaWorldChampionshipstreble.

   "Iwanttobealegendinthesport.Formeit'sallafocusonwinningchampionshipsafterchampionships,"Boltsaid.

   "Idon'tconsidermyselfalegend.WhenIdefendmytitlesIwillconsidermyselfalegend."

   Bolt'sdefendingofWorldandOlympicgoldshouldbethefeatureattractionofthe2011IAAFWorldChampionshipsinDaegu,SouthKorea,andthe2012LondonOlympics.

（1）WhydoesUsainBoltsaythathehasnoplanstoplayAmericanfootball?

A. Becausehewantstoeasedopingdoubtsinathletics.

B. Becausehewantstoshowhisfastfeats.

C. Becauseheisdoubtedbysomepeople.

D. Becauseherunsfastestintheworld.

（2）HowmanytimesdidUsainBoltbreaktheworldrecords?

A. threetimes.                      B. fourtimes.                      C. fivetimes.                      D. eighttimes.

（3）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A. UsainBoltplansyearsoffastfeatstoeasedopingdoubts.

B. UsainBoltisdoubtedforhisathletics.

C. UsainBoltsetworldrecordsagaininBerlinlastmonth.

D. UsainBoltwantstoalegendinthesport.

（4）Thepassagecanberead___________.

A. onTV                    

B. ontheInternet                    

C. inabook                    

D. inanewspaper.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，本周一，来自牙买加的两届奥运会和世界短跑冠军博尔特（UsainBolt）表示，他希望通过多年的快速成绩来缓解运动员服用兴奋剂的疑虑。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“TripleOlym