菜单编程静态添加.docx

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菜单编程静态添加.docx

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菜单编程静态添加.docx

菜单编程静态添加

菜单编程_静态添加

新建一个MFC单文档应用程序，取名Menu

在IDM_NAINFRAME中添加一个菜单test->右键->ClassWizard…分别在CMainFrame、CMenuDoc、CMenuApp、CMenuView中添加对Test菜单项的COMMAND消息。

MessageBox（"ManinFrameclicked"）;

AfxMessageBox（"Docclicked"）;

AfxMessageBox（"Appclicked"）;

MessageBox（"clicked"）;

命令消息传递顺序：

view类-doc类-frame类-app类

消息的分类（如下图）

创建标记菜单：

在新建菜单上创建一个标记菜单，在CMainFrame:

OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）函数中添加：

//GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->CheckMenuItem（0,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_CHECKED）;//添加标记

GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->CheckMenuItem（ID_FILE_NEW,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_CHECKED）;//添加标记第二种方法

注释：

UINTCheckMenuItem（UINTnIDCheckItem,UINTnCheck）;

ReturnValue

Thepreviousstateoftheitem:

MF_CHECKEDorMF_UNCHECKED,or0xFFFFFFFFifthemenuitemdidnotexist.

Parameters

nIDCheckItem

Specifiesthemenuitemtobechecked,asdeterminedbynCheck.

nCheck

Specifieshowtocheckthemenuitemandhowtodeterminetheitem’spositioninthemenu.ThenCheckparametercanbeacombinationofMF_CHECKEDorMF_UNCHECKEDwithMF_BYPOSITIONorMF_BYCOMMANDflags.TheseflagscanbecombinedbyusingthebitwiseORoperator.Theyhavethefollowingmeanings:

∙MF_BYCOMMAND SpecifiesthattheparametergivesthecommandIDoftheexistingmenuitem.Thisisthedefault.

∙MF_BYPOSITION Specifiesthattheparametergivesthepositionoftheexistingmenuitem.Thefirstitemisatposition0.

∙MF_CHECKED ActsasatogglewithMF_UNCHECKEDtoplacethedefaultcheckmarknexttotheitem.

∙MF_UNCHECKED ActsasatogglewithMF_CHECKEDtoremoveacheckmarknexttotheitem.

Remarks

Addscheckmarkstoorremovescheckmarksfrommenuitemsinthepop-upmenu.ThenIDCheckItemparameterspecifiestheitemtobemodified.

ThenIDCheckItemparametermayidentifyapop-upmenuitemaswellasamenuitem.Nospecialstepsarerequiredtocheckapop-upmenuitem.Top-levelmenuitemscannotbechecked.Apop-upmenuitemmustbecheckedbypositionsinceitdoesnothaveamenu-itemidentifierassociatedwithit.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CMenu:

GetSubMenu

CMenu*GetSubMenu（intnPos）const;

ReturnValue

ApointertoaCMenuobjectwhosem_hMenumembercontainsahandletothepop-upmenuifapop-upmenuexistsatthegivenposition;otherwiseNULL.IfaCMenuobjectdoesnotexist,thenatemporaryoneiscreated.TheCMenupointerreturnedshouldnotbestored.

Parameters

nPos

Specifiesthepositionofthepop-upmenucontainedinthemenu.Positionvaluesstartat0forthefirstmenuitem.Thepop-upmenu’sidentifiercannotbeusedinthisfunction.

Remarks

RetrievestheCMenuobjectofapop-upmenu.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CheckMenuItem

TheCheckMenuItemfunctionsetsthestateofthespecifiedmenuitem'scheck-markattributetoeitherselectedorclear.

Note TheCheckMenuItemfunctionhasbeensupersededbytheSetMenuItemInfofunction.YoucanstilluseCheckMenuItem,however,ifyoudonotneedanyoftheextendedfeaturesofSetMenuItemInfo.

DWORDCheckMenuItem（

HMENUhmenu,//handletomenu

UINTuIDCheckItem,//menuitemtocheckoruncheck

UINTuCheck//menuitemoptions

）;

Parameters

hmenu

[in]Handletothemenuofinterest.

uIDCheckItem

[in]Specifiesthemenuitemwhosecheck-markattributeistobeset,asdeterminedbytheuCheckparameter.

uCheck

[in]SpecifiesflagsthatcontroltheinterpretationoftheuIDCheckItemparameterandthestateofthemenuitem'scheck-markattribute.ThisparametercanbeacombinationofeitherMF_BYCOMMAND,orMF_BYPOSITIONandMF_CHECKEDorMF_UNCHECKED.

Value

Meaning

MF_BYCOMMAND

IndicatesthattheuIDCheckItemparametergivestheidentifierofthemenuitem.TheMF_BYCOMMANDflagisthedefault,ifneithertheMF_BYCOMMANDnorMF_BYPOSITIONflagisspecified.

MF_BYPOSITION

IndicatesthattheuIDCheckItemparametergivesthezero-basedrelativepositionofthemenuitem.

MF_CHECKED

Setsthecheck-markattributetotheselectedstate.

MF_UNCHECKED

Setsthecheck-markattributetotheclearstate.

ReturnValues

Thereturnvaluespecifiesthepreviousstateofthemenuitem（eitherMF_CHECKEDorMF_UNCHECKED）.Ifthemenuitemdoesnotexist,thereturnvalueis-1.

Remarks

Aniteminamenubarcannothaveacheckmark.

TheuIDCheckItemparameteridentifiesaitemthatopensasubmenuoracommanditem.Foraitemthatopensasubmenu,theuIDCheckItemparametermustspecifythepositionoftheitem.Foracommanditem,theuIDCheckItemparametercanspecifyeithertheitem'spositionoritsidentifier.

设置缺省菜单，在CMainFrame:

OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）函数中添加：

//GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->SetDefaultItem（1,TRUE）;//设置缺省菜单

//GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->SetDefaultItem（ID_FILE_OPEN）;

GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->SetDefaultItem（5,TRUE）;

注释：

CMenu:

SetDefaultItem

BOOLSetDefaultItem（UINTuItem,BOOLfByPos=FALSE）;

ReturnValue

Ifthefunctionsucceeds,thereturnvalueisnonzero.Ifthefunctionfails,thereturnvalueiszero.Togetextendederrorinformation,usetheWin32functionGetLastError,asdescribedinthePlatformSDK.

Parameters

uItem

Identifierorpositionofthenewdefaultmenuitemor-1fornodefaultitem.ThemeaningofthisparameterdependsonthevalueoffByPos.

fByPos

ValuespecifyingthemeaningofuItem.IfthisparameterisFALSE,uItemisamenuitemidentifier.Otherwise,itisamenuitemposition.

Remarks

ThismemberfunctionimplementsthebehavioroftheWin32functionSetMenuDefaultItem,asdescribedinthePlatformSDK.

创建一个图形标记菜单，在CMainFrame中添加成员变量：

private:

CBitmapm_bitmap;

在CMainFrame:

OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）函数中添加：

CStringstr;

str.Format（"x=%d,y=%d",GetSystemMetrics（SM_CXMENUCHECK）,

GetSystemMetrics（SM_CYMENUCHECK））;//获取菜单图形标记的尺寸

MessageBox（str）;

m_bitmap.LoadBitmap（IDB_BITMAP1）;

GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->SetMenuItemBitmaps（0,MF_BYPOSITION,&m_bitmap,&m_bitmap）;

注释：

GetSystemMetrics

TheGetSystemMetricsfunctionretrievesvarioussystemmetrics（widthsandheightsofdisplayelements）andsystemconfigurationsettings.AlldimensionsretrievedbyGetSystemMetricsareinpixels.

intGetSystemMetrics（

intnIndex//systemmetricorconfigurationsetting

）;

Parameters

nIndex

[in]Specifiesthesystemmetricorconfigurationsettingtoretrieve.AllSM_CX*valuesarewidths.AllSM_CY*valuesareheights.

SM_CXMENUCHECK,

SM_CYMENUCHECK

Dimensions,inpixels,ofthedefaultmenucheck-markbitmap.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SetMenuItemBitmaps

TheSetMenuItemBitmapsfunctionassociatesthespecifiedbitmapwithamenuitem.Whetherthemenuitemisselectedorclear,thesystemdisplaystheappropriatebitmapnexttothemenuitem.

BOOLSetMenuItemBitmaps（

HMENUhMenu,//handletomenu

UINTuPosition,//menuitem

UINTuFlags,//options

HBITMAPhBitmapUnchecked,//handletouncheckedbitmap

HBITMAPhBitmapChecked//handletocheckedbitmap

）;

Parameters

hMenu

[in]Handletothemenucontainingtheitemtoreceivenewcheck-markbitmaps.

uPosition

[in]Specifiesthemenuitemtobechanged,asdeterminedbytheuFlagsparameter.

uFlags

[in]SpecifieshowtheuPositionparameterisinterpreted.TheuFlagsparametermustbeoneofthefollowingvalues.

Value

Meaning

MF_BYCOMMAND

IndicatesthatuPositiongivestheidentifierofthemenuitem.IfneitherMF_BYCOMMANDnorMF_BYPOSITIONisspecified,MF_BYCOMMANDisthedefaultflag.

MF_BYPOSITION

IndicatesthatuPositiongivesthezero-basedrelativepositionofthemenuitem.

hBitmapUnchecked

[in]Handletothebitmapdisplayedwhenthemenuitemisnotselected.

hBitmapChecked

[in]Handletothebitmapdisplayedwhenthemenuitemisselected.

ReturnValues

Ifthefunctionsucceeds,thereturnvalueisnonzero.

Ifthefunctionfails,thereturnvalueiszero.Togetextendederrorinformation,callGetLastError.

Remarks

IfeitherthehBitmapUncheckedorhBitmapCheckedparameterisNULL,thesystemdisplaysnothingnexttothemenuitemforthecorrespondingcheckstate.IfbothparametersareNULL,thesystemdisplaysthedefaultcheck-markbitmapwhentheitemisselected,andremovesthebitmapwhentheitemisnotselected.

Whenthemenuisdestroyed,thesebitmapsarenotdestroyed;itisuptotheapplicationtodestroythem.

Theselectedandclearbitmapsshouldbemonochrome.ThesystemusestheBooleanANDoperatortocombinebitmapswiththemenusothatthewhitepartbecomestransparentandtheblackpartbecomesthemenu-itemcolor.Ifyouusecolorbitmaps,theresultsmaybeundesirable.

UsetheGetSystemMetricsfunctionwiththeCXMENUCHECKandCYMENUCHECKvaluestoretrievethebitmapdimensions.

使菜单不可用，变灰

在CMainFrame:

CMainFrame（）函数中添加：

m_bAutoMenuEnable=FALSE;

在CMainFrame:

OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）函数中添加：

GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->EnableMenuItem（1,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_DISABLED|MF_GRAYED）;

注释：

CMenu:

EnableMenuItem

UINTEnableMenuItem（UINTnIDEnableItem,UINTnEnable）;

ReturnValue

Previousstate（MF_DISABLED,MF_ENABLED,orMF_GRAYED）or–1ifnotvalid.

Parameters

nIDEnableItem

Specifiesthemenuitemtobeenabled,asdeterminedbynEnable.Thisparametercanspecifypop-upmenuitemsaswellasstandardmenuitems.

nEnable

Specifiestheactiontotake.ItcanbeacombinationofMF_DISABLED,MF_ENABLED,orMF_GRAYED,withMF_BYCOMMANDorMF_BYPOSITION.ThesevaluescanbecombinedbyusingthebitwiseORoperator.Thesevalueshavethefollowingmeanings:

∙MF_BYCOMMAND SpecifiesthattheparametergivesthecommandIDoftheexistingmenuitem.Thisisthedefault.

∙MF_BYPOSITION Specifiesthattheparametergivesthepositionoftheexistingmen

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