外科专业英语.docx
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外科专业英语
酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱
acid-basedisorders酸碱失衡acid-basebalance酸碱平衡
acute/chronicacidosis急性/慢性酸中毒acidemia酸血症
acute/chronicalkalosis急性/慢性碱中毒alkalemia碱血症
simpleacid-basedisorder单纯性酸碱失衡
mixedacid-basedisorder混合性酸碱失衡
buffersystem缓冲对系统aniongap阴离子间隙
deltagap阳离子间隙respiratoryacidosis呼酸
respiratoryalkalosis呼碱metabolicacidosis代酸
metabolicalkalosis代碱hypochloremia低氯血症
hyperchloremia高氯血症hypoxemia低氧血症
hyperoxemia高氧血症hypocalcemia低钙血症
hypercalcemia高钙血症hypokalemia低钾血症
hyperkalemia高钾血症hyponatremia低钠血症
hypernatremia高钠血症magnesiumdeficiency镁缺乏
magnesiumexcess镁过多hypomagnesemia低镁血症
hypermagnesemia高镁血症hypophosphatemia低磷血症
hyperphosphatemia高磷血症hypercapnia高碳酸血症
posthypercapnicmetabolicalkalosis高碳酸血症后碱中毒
diabeticketoacidosis糖尿病酮症酸中毒uremia尿毒症
lacticacidosis乳酸酸中毒
saline-responsivealkalosis盐水反应性碱中毒
saline-resistantalkalosis盐水抵抗性碱中毒
isotonicdehydration等渗性缺水hypotonicdehydration低渗性缺水
hypertonicdehydration高渗性缺水edema水肿
waterintoxication水中毒
休克
shock休克hemorrhagicshock失血性休克traumaticshock创伤性休克septicshock脓毒性休克
shocklung休克肺shockkidney休克肾
软组织感染
furuncle疖paronychia甲沟炎erysipelas丹毒
acutephlegmon急性蜂窝织炎acutelymphangitis急性淋巴管炎
acutelymphadenitis急性淋巴结furunculosis疖病carbuncle痈
abscess脓肿acuteulcer急性溃疡chroniculcer慢性溃疡
fistulacannulas瘘管sinustract窦道felon脓性指头炎
外科营养
肠外营养parenteralnutrition或intravenousnutrition
肠内营养enteralnutrition代谢性并发症metaboliccomplications
胆汁淤积cholestasis基础能量消耗basalenergyexpenditureBEE
误吸aspiration腹泻diarrhea
外科手术
手术刀scalpel刀片blade
刀柄hilt手术剪surgicalscissors
止血钳hemostaticforceps直血管钳straightclamp
弯血管钳Kellyclamp蚊式止血钳mosquitoforceps
有齿止血钳kocherforceps手术镊forceps
组织钳tissueforcepsorallisforceps持针器needleholder
缝合针sutureneedle拉钩retractor
巾钳towelclip环钳ringforceps
不可吸收缝线nonabsorbablesuture丝线silksuture
切开incision剥离dissection
止血hemostasis结扎ligation
缝合suture剪线cuttingsuture
拆线removingsuture引流drainage
骨科
arthro-关节articulo-关节cranio-颅
osteo-骨burso-囊chondro-软骨
costo-肋骨myelo-骨髓spondylo-椎骨
thoraco-胸的vertebra-椎骨fascio-筋膜
teno/tendo/tendino-肌-kinesia运-porosis多孔
-trophy发育-malacia软化
1、中轴骨AXIALBONES
bonen.骨ribn.肋vertebraen.椎骨
cervicalvertebrae颈椎thoracicvertebrae胸椎
lumbarvertebrae腰椎sternumn.胸骨
sacrumn.骶骨coccyx尾骨
sternalmanubrium胸骨柄xiphoidprocess剑突
atlasn.寰椎axisn.枢椎
sternalangle胸骨角thoraciccage胸廓
2、颅SKULL
skulln.parietalbone顶骨frontalbone额骨
occipitalbone枕骨emporalbone颞骨sphenoidbone蝶骨
ethmoidbone筛骨mandiblen.下颌骨hyoidbone舌骨vomern.犁骨maxillan.上颌骨palatinebone腭骨
nasalbone鼻骨lacrimalbone泪骨zygomaticbone颧骨
inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲orbitn.眶
coronalsuture冠状缝sagitalsuture矢状缝
lambdoidsuture人字缝cranialfontanelle颅囟
2、附肢骨TARSALBONESANDEXTREMITALBONES
claviclen.锁骨scapulan.肩胛humerusn.肱骨radiusn.桡骨ulnan.尺骨carpalbone腕骨
metacarpalbone掌骨phalangesn.指骨，趾骨
hipbone髋骨iliumn.髂骨ischiumn.坐骨pubisn.耻骨femurn.股骨patellan.髌骨
tibian.胫骨fibulan.腓骨tarsalbone跗骨metatarsalbone跖骨
4、关节韧带
flexionn.屈extensionn.伸展adductionn.收medialrotation旋内lateralrotation旋外pronationn旋前.
supinationn.旋后circumductionn.环转vertebralcolumn脊柱
temporal-mandibularjoint颞下颌关节
articulationn.关节ligamentn.韧带
intervertebraldisc椎间盘shoulderjoint肩关节
elbowjoint肘关节radiocarpaljoint桡腕关节
pelvisn.骨盆hipjoint髋关节kneejoint膝关节
anklejoint踝关节arthrographyn.关节造影
compactan.骨密度epiphysisn.骨骺ossificationn.骨化
synovialjoints滑膜关节fibrous纤维连结
syndesmosis 韧带连结cartilaginousjoints软骨连结
articularsurface（cavity）关节面（腔）suture缝
articulardisk关节盘articularlabrum关节唇
articularcapsule关节囊extracapsularligament囊外韧带
intracapsularligament囊内韧带yellowligament黄韧带
fibrouslayer（membrane）纤维层，纤维膜
synoviallayer（membrane）滑膜层，滑膜
ynovialfold（villi）滑膜襞synovialfluid 滑液
circumduction 环转运动vertebraljoints椎骨连结
ionterspinousligament棘间韧带
intertransverseligament横突间韧带
Intervertebralsymphysis椎间联合
interverbraldiscs 椎间盘
Fibrousrings 纤维环Pulpiformnucleus 髓核
Anteriorlongitudinal前纵韧带
Posteriorlongitudinal后纵韧带
Zygapophysialjoint关节突关节
Lumbosacraljoint腰骶连结Costovertebraljoints肋椎关节
Jointofcostalhead肋头关节Lambdoidsuture 人字缝
Costotransversejoint肋横突关节Cranialsuture颅缝
Sternocostaljoints胸肋关节Coronal（sagittal）suture冠矢状缝
Synchondrosesofcranium 颅结合
Temporomandibularjoint 颞下颌关节
jointsofshouldergirdle上肢带连结
coracoacromialligament喙间韧带
Coracoclavicularligament喙锁韧带
Acromioclavicularjoint肩锁关节Elbowjoint肘关节
Sternoclavicularjoint胸锁关节Shoulderjoint肩关节
Humeroulnarjoint肱尺关节Jointsofhand手关节
Humeroradialjoint肱桡关节
Radiocarpaljoint,wristjoint桡腕关节，腕关节
Intercarpaljoints腕骨间关节Carpometacarpaljoints腕掌关节
Carpometacarpaljointofthumb拇指腕掌关节
Intermetacarpaljoints掌骨间关节
Metacarpophalangealjoints掌指关节
Interphalangealjointsofhand指骨间关节
Jointsofpelvicgirdle下肢带连结
Pubicsymphysis 耻骨联合Interpubicdisc耻骨间盘
Obturatormembrane闭孔膜Sacroiliacjoints骶髂关节Pelvis骨盆Sacrotuberousligament骶结节韧带
Greater（lesser）sciaticforamen坐骨大（小）孔
Terminalline界线Greater（lesser）pelvis大小骨盆
Superior（posterior）pelvicaperture骨盆上下口
Pubicarch耻骨弓Subpubicangle耻骨下角
Pelviccavity骨盆腔Jointsoffreelowerlimb自由下肢连结
Hipjoint 髋关节Kneejoint膝关节
Transverseacetabularlig.髋臼横韧带
Ligamentofheadoffemur股骨头韧带
Medial（lateral）meniscus 内外侧半月板
Transverseligamentofknee膝横韧带
Anteriorcruciateligament前交叉韧带
Posteriorcruciateligament后交叉韧带
Fibular（tibial）collateralligament腓（胫）侧副韧带
Ligamentofpatella髌韧带Tibiofibularjoint胫腓关节
Tibiofibularsyndesmosis胫腓连结
Cruralinterosseousmembrane小腿骨间膜
Jointsoffoot 足关节anklejoint，踝关节
talocruraljoint,距小腿关节intertarsaljoints跗骨间关节
subtalarjoint,talocalcanealjoint距下关节距跟关节
transversetarsaljoint 跗横关节
talocalcaneonavicularjoint距跟舟关节
tarsometatarsaljoint跗跖关节transversearch横弓
intermetatarsaljoints跖骨间关节
metatarsophalangealjoint跖趾关节
interphalangealjointsoffoot 跖骨间关节
archoffoot,tarsometatarsalarch足弓，跗跖弓
medial（lateral）longitudinalarch内（外）侧纵弓
其他
Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Chondromalacia软骨软化症
DegeneratedJointDisease变性关节炎Bonegraft骨移植
ClavicleFracture锁骨骨折PelvicFracture骨盆骨折
PlasticParisCast整形硬石膏Amputation截肢
MatastaticLesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症
ProsthesisReplacement人工弥补置换术
腹部脏器
Stomach胃Liver肝Smallintestine小肠
Colon结肠（ascending，transverse，descending，sigmoid）
Duodenum十二指肠Jejunum空肠Ileum回肠
Pancreas胰Spleen脾Bileduct胆管
Gallbladder胆囊Kidney肾Rectum直肠
Cecum盲肠largeintestine大肠
vermiformappendix阑尾analcanal肛管
辅助检查
Abdominocentesis腹腔穿刺Urinalysis尿分析
Abdominalultrasonography腹部超声检查
Bariumenema钡灌肠Bariumswallow钡餐
Liverbiopsy肝活检Stoolculture粪检
Retrogradepyelogram逆行肾盂造影
Endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatography经内镜逆行性胆胰管造影
Bloodureanitrogen血尿素氮
Urinecultureandsensitivity尿培养和敏感试验
Urinalysis尿分析
内镜
Gastroscopy胃窥镜Enteroscopy小肠内镜
Colonoscopy结肠内镜Cystoscopy膀胱镜
ureteroscope输尿管镜
术式
Highlyselectivevagotomy高选择性迷走神经切断术
Gastrojejunostomy胃空肠吻合术
Truncalvagotomy迷走神经切断术Laparotomy开腹
Enterectomy肠切除术Appendectomy阑尾切除术
Choledochectomy胆总管切除术Colectomy结肠切除术
Cholecystectomy胆囊切除术Colostomy结肠造瘘
Subtotalgastrectomy胃大部切除术
Pancreatoduodenectomy胰十二指肠切除术
Right/lefthemicolectomy右/左半结肠切除术
Abdominoperinealresection腹会阴联合直肠癌切除术
Lowanteriorresection直肠低位前切除术
Hepatectomy肝切除术Nephrectomy肾切除术
Nephronsparingsurgery保留肾单位手术
Ureteroneocystostomy膀胱输尿管吻合术
orchiectomy;testectomy睾丸切除术
ureterectomy输尿管切除术
cystectomy膀胱切除术
cysto-urethralanastomosis膀胱输尿管吻合术
partialorradicalnephrectomy局部/根治性肾切除术
PCNL：
percutaneousnephrostolithotomy经皮肾取石术
ESWL:
extracorporealshockwavelithotripsy体外冲击波碎石术
Surgicalexploration手术探查
心胸外
valveprosthesis人工瓣膜bicuspid二尖瓣tricuspidvalve三尖瓣
pulmonaryvalve肺动脉瓣aorticvalve主动脉瓣ventricle心室
atriumpl.atrial心房interatrial心房间的atrioventricular房室的
intrventricular心室间的atrialseptum房间隔
ventricuarseptum室间隔angiography血管造影
aortography主动脉造影
pneumotharax；aerothorax气胸tensionpneumotharax张力性气胸
pleuraleffussion胸腔积液hydrothorax胸腔积液
puncture穿刺thoracocentesis胸腔穿刺术drainage引流
closedthoracicdrainage闭式胸腔引流mitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄
rheumaticvalvedisease风湿性瓣膜病aorticstenosis动脉硬化
mitralregurgitation二尖瓣反流valvuloplasty瓣膜成形术
aorticstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄aorticregurgitation主动脉反流
arteriosclerosis动脉粥样硬化intravenous静脉内的
hemorrhage出血hematuria血尿
angi/o血管vas/o血管vascul/o血管aort/o主动脉
arter/oarteri/o动脉ather/o动脉
phleb/o静脉ven/o静脉thromb/o血栓venule微静脉
arteriole微动脉angiostenosis血管狭窄
ischemia缺血venacava腔静脉
神外
大脑：
cerebrum间脑：
diencephalon
脑桥：
brainstem中脑：
midbrain
脑桥：
pons延髓：
medullaoblongata
小脑：
cerebellum回：
convolutiongyri
沟：
sulci胼胝体：
corpuscallosum横裂：
transversfissue额叶：
Frontallobe
顶叶：
Parietallobe颞叶：
Temporallobe
枕叶：
Occipitallobe
蛛网膜：
Arachnoidmatter蛛网膜下腔：
Subarachnoidspace
OlfactoryN嗅神经Optic视神经
Oculomotor动眼神经Trochlear滑车神经
Trigeminal三叉神经Abducens外展神经
Facial面神经Vestibulocochlear前庭蜗神经
Glossopharyngeal舌咽神经Vagus迷走神经
Accessory副神经Hypoglossal舌下神经
Spinalnerve脊神经
anteriorroot前根posteriorroot后根
spinalganglion脊神经节
8对颈神经cervicalnerves12对胸神经thoracicnerves
5对腰神经lumbarnerves5对骶神经sacralnerves
1对尾神经coccygealnerves
神经丛：
颈丛cervicalplexus臂丛brachialplexus
胸神经前支anteriorbranchofthethoracicnerve
腰丛lumbarplexus骶丛sacralplexus
段落翻译----乳腺
mastitis乳腺炎retromammaryabscess乳房后脓肿
breastsarcoma乳房肉瘤breastcancer乳腺癌
inflammatorybreastcarcinoma炎性乳腺炎
radicalmastectomy乳腺癌根治术
extensiveradicalmastectomy乳腺癌扩大根治术
modifiedradicalmastectomy乳腺癌改良根治术
totalmastectomy全乳房切除术
lumpectomyandaxillarydissection保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术
胃肠疾病（课件）、骨折（课件）、甲状腺（那一本）还是看课件吧
gastro-duodenaldisease胃十二指肠疾病pepticulcer消化性溃疡
intestinalobstruction肠梗阻volvulus肠扭转
ColorectalCancer结肠直肠癌analfissur
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