英语语法术语中英对照.docx
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英语语法术语中英对照
英语语法术语(中英对照)语法grammar
句法syntax
词法morphology
句子sentence
从句clause
词组phrase
词类partofspeech
单词word
实词notionalword
虚词structuralword
单纯词simpleword
派生词derivative
复合词compound
词性partofspeech
名词noun
专有名词propernoun
普通名词commonnoun可数名词countablenoun不可数名词uncountablenoun
抽象名词abstractnoun
具体名词concretenoun
物质名词materialnoun集体名词collectivenoun个体名词individualnoun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词mainverb及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb系动词linkverb助动词auxiliaryverb情态动词modalverb规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb短语动词phrasalverb限定动词finiteverb非限定动词infiniteverb使役动词causativeverb感官动词verbofsenses
动态动词eventverb静态动词stateverb
感叹词exclamation
形容词adjective原级positive比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb
方式副词
adverbofmanner
程度副词
adverbofdegree
时间副词
adverboftime
地点副词
adverbofplace
修饰性副词adjunct
连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogativeadverb关系副词relativeadverb代词pronoun
人称代词
personalpronoun
物主代词
possesivepronoun
反身代词
reflexivepronoun
相互代词
reciprocalpronoun
指示代词
demonstrativepronoun
疑问代词interrogativepronoun
关系代词relativepronoun
不定代词indefinitepronoun
物主代词possecivepronoun
名词性物主代词nominalpossesiveprnoun形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossesivepronoun冠词article
定冠词definitearticle
不定冠词indefinitearticle
数词numeral
基数词cardinalnumeral
序数词ordinalnumeral
分数词fractionalnumeral
形式form
单数形式singularform
复数形式pluralform
限定动词finiteverbform
非限定动词non-finiteverbform
原形baseform
从句clause
从属句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause
名词从句nominalclause
定语从句attributiveclause
状语从句adverbialclause
宾语从句objectclause
主语从句subjectclause同位语从句appositiveclause
时间状语从句
adverbialclauseoftime
地点状语从句
adverbialclauseofplace
方式状语从句
adverbialclauseofmanner
让步状语从句
adverbialclauseofconcession
原因状语从句
adverbialclauseofcause
结果状语从句
adverbialclauseofresult
目的状语从句
adverbialclauseofpurpose
条件状语从句
adverbialclauseofcondition
真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition含蓄条件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition错综条件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition句子sentence
简单句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence复合句complexsentence并列复合句compoundcomplexsentence陈述句declarativesentence疑问句interrogativesentence一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion选择疑问句alternativequestion附加疑问句tagquestion反义疑问句disjunctivequestion修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestion感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentence基本句型basicsentencepattern否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence感叹句exclamatorysentence句子成分membersofsentences
主语subject
谓语predicate
宾语object双宾语dualobject直接宾语directobject间接宾语indirectobject复合宾语complexobject同源宾语cognateobject补语complement主补subjectcomplement宾补objectcomplement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntacticrelationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification
限制restriction
双重限制double-restriction
非限制non-restriction
数number
单数形式singularform
复数形式pluralform
规则形式regularform
不规则形式irregularform
格case
普通格commoncase
所有格possessivecase
主格nominativecase
宾格objectivecase
性gender
阳性masculine
阴性feminine
通性common
中性neuter
人称person
第一人称firstperson
第二人称secondperson
第三人称thirdperson
时态tense
过去将来时pastfuturetense
过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense
过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense
一般现在时
presentsimpletense
一般过去时
pastsimpletense
一般将来时
futuresimpletense
现在完成时
presentperfecttense
过去完成时
pastperfecttense
将来完成时
futureperfecttense
现在进行时
presentcontinuoustense
过去进行时
pastcontinuoustense
将来进行时
futurecontinuoustense
过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuoustense过去完成进行时pastperfectcontinuoustense语态voice
主动语态activevoice
被动语态passivevoice
语气mood
陈述语气indicativemood
祈使语气
imperativemood
虚拟语气
subjunctivemood
否定negation
否定范围
scopeofnegation
全部否定
fullnegation
局部否定
partialnegation
转移否定
shiftofnegation
语序order
自然语序
naturalorder
倒装语序
inversion
全部倒装
fullinversion
部分倒装
partialinversion
直接引语
directspeech
间接引语
indirectspeech
自由直接引语freedirectspeech
自由间接引语freeindirectspeech
一致agreement
主谓一致
subject-predicateagreement
语法一致
grammaticalagreement
概念一致
notionalagreement
就近原则principleofproximity
强调emphasis
重复
repetition
语音
pronunciation
语调
tone
升调
risingtone
降调
fallingtone
降升调falling-risingtone
文体
style
结构
structure
层次
rank
正式文体formal
非正式文体informal
口语
spoken/oralEnglish
套语
formulisticexpression
用法
usage
感情色彩emotionalcoloring
褒义
commendatory
贬义
derogatory
幽默
humorous
讽刺
sarcastic
挖苦ironic
英国英语BritishEnglish
美国英语AmericanEnglish
179.语态voice
180.主动语态activevoice
181.被动语态passivevoice
182.语气mood
183.陈述语气indicativemood
184.祈使语气imperativemood
185.虚拟语气subjunctivemood
186.否定negation
187.否定范围scopeofnegation
188.全部否定fullnegation
189.局部否partialnegation
190.转移否定shiftofnegation
191.语序order
192.自然语序naturalorder
193.倒装语序inversion
194.全部倒装fullinversion
195.
咅B分倒装partialinversion
196.
直接弓1语directspeech
197.
间接弓1语indirectspeech~~|
198.
自由直接引语freedirectspeech_|
199.
自由间接引语freeindirectspeech
200.
一致agreement
201.
主谓一致subject-predicateagreement
202.
语法一致grammaticalagreement
203.
概念一致notionalagreement
204.
就近原贝Uprincipleofproximity|
205.
强调emphasis
206.
重复repetition
207.
语音pronunciation
208.
语调tone
209.升调risingtone
210.降调fallingtone
211.
降升调falling-risingtone
212.
文体style|
213.
正式文体formal
214.
非正式文体informal
215.
口语spoken/oralEnglish
216.
套语formulisticexpression
217.
英国英语BritishEnglish
218.
美国英语AmericanEnglish
219.
用法usage
220.
感情色彩emotionalcoloring
221.
褒义commendatory
222.
贬义derogatory
223.
幽默humorous|
224.
讽刺sarcastic
225.
挖苦ironic
226.英语修辞手法
、
明喻(simile)
、
隐喻(metaphor)
三、
提喻(synecdoche)
四、
拟人(personification)
五、
夸张(hyperbole)
六、
叠言(rhetoricalrepetition)
七、
借代(metonymy)
八、
双关语(pun)
九、
拟声(onomatcpocia)
十、
讽刺(irony)
十~、通感(synesthesia)十二、头韵法(alliteration)