Model test 4.docx

Model test 4.docx

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Modeltest4

Modeltest4

一、词汇题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分满分20分）。

PartⅠ:

Vocabulary

Directions:

Inthispart,thereare20sentences.Ineachsentence,there’sanitalicizedwordorexpression.ChoosethebestmeaningforeveryitalicizedwordorexpressionfromthefollowingfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.PleasewritetherightanswersontheAnswerSheet.

1.Thelaserrepresentsatruemarriagebetweenscienceandtechnology,andthemenwhodeviseditwere__engineerandphysicists.

a.spontaneouslyb.simultaneouslyc.homogeneousd.instantaneously

2.Childrenwhoareover-protectedbytheirparentsmaybecome__.

a.hurtb.damagedc.spoiledd.harmed

3.Hewas__byabeewhenhewascollectingthehoney.

a.scratchedb.stungc.stuckd.pinched

4.Thedesperatewomanfailedinherattempttocommit__.

a.suicideb.anerrorc.acrimed.murder

5.Apoliticianmustkeep__topopularfeelingifheistobesuccessful.

a.turnedoffb.turnedoutc.turnedind.turnedup

6.Howtodispose_________thenuclearwasteisapressingproblemforscientistsandpoliticiansalike.

aofb.withc.tod.behind

7.Thisregulationdoesn't_________you,sodon'tworryaboutit.

a.concernbacclaimc.distractd.disturb

8.Anursehasmanydutiesto_________incaringforthesick.

a.achievepletec.fulfilld.finish

9.Atthegatesofmostfive-starhotels,thehoteldoormanwill_________acabforyou.

a.hailb.reservec.taked.halt

10.Attheheadofthevalley.thescoutsturnedleftandheaded________thesummit.

a.tob.forc.ond.toward

11.Insteadofformulasandcharts,themathteacherusesgamesanddrawingsto__thesubject.

a.designateb.imaginec.eliminated.illuminate

12.Tocallthemusicofanothermusic-culture"primitive"is__one'sownstandardsonagroupthatdoesnotrecognizethem.

a.puttingb.emphasizingpellingd.imposing

13.Heactuallyhadnoplanforanewcar.Heboughtit__.

a.foranimpulseb.atanimpulsec.onanimpulsed.inanimpulse

14.Itisrealproblemforthemodernsocietythatsomepeoplehavebecomeso__thesufferingofothers.

a.cautiousagainstb.rigidinc.indifferenttod.scaredof

15.HeisarealrolemodelandIhavealwaysregardhimasamanof__.

a.prosperityb.superiorityc.integrityd.popularity

16.Thenoisecomingfromthenearbyconstructionsiteeverynightreally__theneighborhood.

a.excitesb.brightensc.irritatesd.surprises

17.Theexplorerlosthiswaysoheclimbedtothetopofthehillto__himself.

a.spotb.placec.located.establish

18.Thediseasetypically__itselfinahighfeverandchestpains.

a.assertedb.expressedc.justifiedd.manifested

19.The__driverthinksthataccidentsonlyhappentootherpeople.

monb.averagec.usuald.general

20.Nowthattheinitialshockwas__,hewasinconsiderablepain.

a.wearingawayb.wearingdownc.wearingoutd.wearingoff

二、快速阅读题（本大题共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分）。

PartIIFastReading

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillreadthepassagequicklyanddecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.Ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage,pleasemark“T”ontheAnswerSheet;Ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage,pleasemark“F”ontheAnswerSheet.

EarlyChildhoodEducation

‘EducationToBeMore’waspublishedlastAugust.ItwasthereportoftheNewZealandGovernment’sEarlyChildhoodCareandEducationWorkingGroup.Thereportarguedforenhancedequityofaccessandbetterfundingforchildcareandearlychildhoodeducationinstitutions.Unquestionably,that’sarealneed;butsinceparentsdon’tnormallysendchildrentopreschoolsuntiltheageofthree,arewemissingoutonthemostimportantyearsofall?

A13yearstudyofearlychildhooddevelopmentatHarvardUniversityhasshownthat,bytheageofthree,mostchildrenhavethepotentialtounderstandabout1000words–mostofthelanguagetheywilluseinordinaryconversationfortherestoftheirlives.Furthermore,researchhasshownthatwhileeverychildisbornwithanaturalcuriosity,itcanbesuppresseddramaticallyduringthesecondandthirdyearsoflife.Researchersclaimthatthehumanpersonalityisformedduringthefirsttwoyearsoflife,andduringthefirstthreeyearschildrenlearnthebasicskillstheywilluseinalltheirlaterlearningbothathomeandatschool.

Onceovertheageofthree,childrencontinuetoexpandonexistingknowledgeoftheworld.Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocioeconomicbackgroundstendtodolesswellinoureducationsystem.That’sobservednotjustinNewZealand,butalsoinAustralia,BritainandAmerica.Inanattempttoovercomethateducationalunderachievement,anationwideprogramcalled‘Headstart’waslaunchedintheUnitedStatesin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopreschoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedtohelpthechildrenofpoorerfamiliessucceedinschool.Despitesubstantialfunding,resultshavebeendisappointing.Itisthoughtthattherearetwoexplanationsforthis.First,theprogrambegantoolate.Manychildrenwhoentereditattheageofthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguageandmeasurableintelligence.Second,theparentswerenotinvolved.Attheendofeachday,‘Headstart’childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.

Asaresultofthegrowingresearchevidenceoftheimportanceofthefirstthreeyearsofachild’slifeandthedisappointingresultsfrom‘Headstart’,apilotprogramwaslaunchedinMissouriintheUSthatfocusedonparentsasthechild’sfirstteachers.The‘Missouri’programwaspredicatedonresearchshowingthatworkingwiththefamily,ratherthanbypassingtheparents,isthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetofftothebestpossiblestartinlife.Thefour-yearpilotstudyincluded380familieswhowereabouttohavetheirfirstchildandwhorepresentedacross-sectionofsocioeconomicstatus,ageandfamilyconfigurations（结构）.Theyincludedsingle-parentandtwo-parentfamilies,familiesinwhichbothparentsworked,andfamilieswitheitherthemotherorfatherathome.

Theprograminvolvedtrainedparenteducatorsvisitingtheparents’homeandworkingwiththeparent,orparents,andthechild.Informationonchilddevelopment,andguidanceonthingstolookforandexpectasthechildgrowswereprovided,plusguidanceinfosteringthechild’sintellectual,language,socialandmotorskilldevelopment.Periodiccheckupsofthechild’seducationalandsensorydevelopment（hearingandvision）weremadetodetectpossiblehandicapsthatinterferewithgrowthanddevelopment.Medicalproblemswerereferredtoprofessionals.

Parenteducatorsmadepersonalvisitstohomesandmonthlygroupmeetingswereheldwithothernewparentstoshareexperienceanddiscusstopicsofinterest.Parentresourcecenters,locatedinschoolbuildings,offeredlearningmaterialsforfamiliesandfacilitiesforchild.Attheageofthree,thechildrenwhohadbeeninvolvedinthe‘Missouri’programwereevaluatedalongsideacross-sectionofchildrenselectedfromthesamerangeofsocioeconomicbackgroundsandfamilysituations,andalsoarandomsampleofchildrenthatage.Theresultswerephenomenal.Bytheageofthree,thechildrenintheprogramweresignificantlymoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopmentthantheirpeers,hadmadegreaterstridesinproblemsolvingandotherintellectualskills,andwerefurtheralonginsocialdevelopment.Infact,theaveragechildontheprogramwasperformingatthelevelofthetop15to20percentoftheirpeersinsuchthingsasauditorycomprehension,verbalabilityandlanguageability.

Mostimportantofall,thetraditionalmeasuresof‘risk’,suchasparents’ageandeducation,orwhethertheywereasingleparent,borelittleornorelationshiptothemeasuresofachievementandlanguagedevelopment.Childrenintheprogramperformedequallywellregardlessofsocioeconomicdisadvantages.Childabusewasvirtuallyeliminated.Theonefactorthatwasfoundtoaffectthechild’sdevelopmentwasfamilystressleadingtoapoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.

Theseresearchfindingsareexciting.ThereisgrowingevidenceinNewZealandthatchildrenfrompoorersocioeconomicbackgroundsarearrivingatschoollesswelldevelopedandthatourschoolsystemtendstoperpetuate（使永存）thatdisadvantage.Theinitiativeoutlinedabovecouldbreakthatcycleofdisadvantage.Theconceptofworkingwithparentsintheirhomes,orattheirplaceofwork,contrastsquitemarkedlywiththereportoftheEarlyChildhoodCareandEducationWorkingGroup.Theirfocusisongettingchildrenandmothersaccesstochildcareandinstitutionalizedearlychildhoodeducation.Educationfromtheageofthreetofiveisundoubtedlyvital,butwithoutasimilarfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,someevidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalinequity.

21.Theskillslearnedbychildrenatageofthreewillbeusedinalltheirlaterlearninginlife.

22.The‘Headstart’programfinallysucceededinitsaim.

23.The‘Missour’programsuppliedmanyformsofsupportandtrainingtoparents.

24.Most‘Missouri’programthree-year-oldsscoredhighlyinareassuchaslistening,speaking,reasoningandinteractingwithothers.

25.‘Missouri’programchildrenofyoung,uneducated,singleparentsscoredlesshighlyonthetests.

26.Thericherfamiliesinthe‘Missouri’programhadhigherstresslevels.

27.Educationalinequitycannotbeovercomeforchildrenfromdifferentfamilybackgrounds.

28.Theaimof‘Headstart’programistohelpchildrenfrompoorfamiliesovercometheeduc