全国公共英语三级PETS3考试题库.docx

全国公共英语三级PETS3考试题库.docx

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全国公共英语三级PETS3考试题库

全国公共英语三级〔PETS-3〕考试题库

全国公共英语三级〔PETS-3〕考试题库

一、阅读单项选择题

Exercise1

Isabelhasturneddowntwojoboffersinthepastyear.In2022,shestartedherownconsultingpractice,butby2022,mostofherlargerclientshadtodropherbecauseoftheeconomy.In2022,shewasundertakingirregularassignmentsandknewsheneededasteadyjob.ThefirstjobsheconsideredwasDirectorofHRforacompanyinUtah.Aftertheinitialinterviews,shefeltthejobfitherexceptthelocation.Still,sheflewwesttomeetthehiringmanager.ThehiringmanagerexplainedthatIsabelwasthetopcandidateforthejobbutthat,beforeshecontinuedwiththeprocess,sheshouldbetterunderstandthefirm`sculture.ShedirectedIsabeltoseveralvideosofthecompany`sCEO,whoregularlyappearinfrontofthecompanyincostumeaspartofmoralbuildingexercisesandexpectedhisseniorleaderstodothesame.“EventhoughIwasdesperateforajob,IknewIcouldn`tdothat,〞Isabelsays.Shecalledtherecruitertoturndownthejobandexplainthatshedidn`tfeelaculturalfit.

Afewmonthslater,sheinterviewedanotherjob:

adirectorofemployeerelationsatalocaluniversity.Afterseveralinterviews,thehiringmanagertoldherthejobwashersifshewantedit.Thejobhasmanypositives:

itwasalow-stressenvironment,ifofferedgreatbenefits,andtheuniversitywasanemployee-friendlyplace.Butthejobwasrelativelyjuniordespitethetittleand

Isabelworrieditwouldn`tbechallengingenough.Finally,sheturneditdown.“ItwouldbegreattohaveapaycheckandgreatbenefitsbutIwoulddefinitelyhavetroublesleepingatnight,〞shesays.Inbothcases,shefrankwiththehiringmanagersaboutwhyshewasn`ttakingthejobs.“Inthepast,itfeltlikedating,Iwasworriedabouthurtingpeople`sfeelings,〞shesays.However,theyappreciatedherfranknessandthankedherhonesty.Shesaysitwashardtoturndownthejobsand

itwasariskforherfinanciallybutshefeltshehadto.

1.

In2022,Isabel______

A.didconsultingnowandthen

B.foundajobclosetoherhome

C.refusedseveraljobinterviews

D.ranasuccessfulconsultingfirm

2.

Isabelturneddownthefirstjoboffermainlybecauseofits_______

A.CEO

B.culture

C.location

D.recruiter

3.

Isabelwasdissatisfiedwiththesecondjobduetoits_______

A.juniortitle

B.lowbenefits

C.Environment

D.lackofchallenge

4.

Isabelbelievedthatherrejectionofthejobswas______

A.Harmful

B.surprising

C.justifiable

D.troublesome

5.AccordingtoIsabel,itisimportantto______

A.lookforjobswithlittlestress

B.lookforjobswithgreatbenefits

C.betruthfulindecliningjoboffers

D.becautiousindecliningjoboffers

Exercise2

Youdonotusuallygetsomethingfornothing.Now,anewstudyrevealsthattheevolutionofanimprovedlearningabilitycouldcomeataparticularlyhighprice:

anearlydeath.

Pastexperimentshavedemonstratedthatitisrelativelyeasythroughselectivebreedingtomakerats,honeybeesand—thatgreatfavoriteofresearchers—fruitfliesalotbetteratlearning.Animalsthatarebetterlearnersshouldbecompetitiveandthus,overtime,cometodominatea

populationbynaturalselection.Butimprovedlearningabilitydoesnotgetselectedamongsttheseanimalsinthewild.Noonereallyunderstandwhy.

TadeuzsKaweckiandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofFribourginSwitzerlandhavemeasuredtheeffectsofimprovedlearningonthelivesoffruitflies.Thefliesweregiventwodifferentfruitasegg-layingsites.Oneofthesewaslacedwithabitteradditivethatcouldbedetectedonlyoncontact.Theflieswerethengiventhesamefruitbutwithoutanadditive.Fliesthatavoidedthefruitwhichhadbeenbitterweredeemedtohavelearnedfromtheirexperience.Theirchildrenwererearedandtheexperimentswasrunagain.

Afterrepeatingtheexperimentfor30generations,thechildrenofthelearnedflieswerecom-paredwithnormalflies.TheresearchersreportinaforthcomingeditionofEvolutionthatalthoughlearningabilitycouldbebredintoapopulationoffruitflies,itshortenedtheirlivesby15%.Whentheresearcherscomparedtheirlearnedfliestocoloniesselectivelybredtolivelonglives,theyfoundevengreaterdifferences.Whereaslearnedflieshadreducedtheirlifespans,thelong-livedflieslearnedlesswellthanevenaverageflies.

Theauthorssuggestthatevolvinganimprovedlearningabilitymayrequireagreaterinvestmentinthenervoussystemwhichtakesresourcesawayfromprocessesthatdelayageing.However,Dr.Kaweckithinkstheeffectcouldalsobeaby-productofgreaterbrainactivityincreasingtheproductionofReactiveOxygenSpecies（ROS）,whichcanincreaseoxidationinthebodyanddamagehealth.

Nooneknowswhetherthephenomenonholdstrueforotheranimals.So,biologists,atleast,stillhavealottolearn.

1.Pastexperimentsproveselectivebreedingcanmakeanimalsbetter_______

A.CommandersB.Competitors

C.survivorsD.learners

2.Inthisexperiment,scientistsobservedthat________

A.somefliesavoidedthefruitwithoutanaddictive

B.somefliespreferredthefruitwithanaddictive

C.theeggsoftheflieswerenotdamaged

D.theimpactonthefliesdidnotlastlong

3.Theforthcomingreportsaysthat_______

A.long-livedfliesarebetteratlayingeggs

B.long-livedfliesarepoorerinlearning

C.learnedflieshavearelativelylonglife

D.learnedfliesliveaslongasaverageones

4.AccordingtoDr.Kawecki,greaterbrainactivity______

A.reducesoxygenconsumption

B.regulatesthenervoussystem

C.speedsuptheageingprocess

D.stabilizestheageingprocess

5.Welearnfromthetextthat_______

A.theresearchfindingsneedtobetestedfurther

B.biologistsaredoingsimilarresearchonotheranimals

C.theanimalworldusuallyfollowsthesameuniversallaws

D.biologistsareapplyingtheirfindingstootherareas

Exercise3

Five-year-oldEliaarrivedatschoolwithabigboxofcoloredpencils.Herfriend,Anna,offetedtoexchangehersetofmarkersforthebrand-newpencils.Eliaagreed,butsoondiscoveredthatthemarkersweredriedup.Thatsnotfair!

criedEliatoherteacher.“Iwantmynewpencilsback.〞

Aftersometearsandnegotiation,theteacherhelpedthegirlssetthingsrightbyreturningtheitemstotheiroriginalowners.

Laterthatday,atstorytime,theteachersharedthepicturebookclassicABargainforFrances.Thoughtheconflictinthestoryisjustoverabrokenteaset,themessageaboutfairplaywasnotlostonthechildren.Thebookwashelpfulinexploringasmall,yetsignificant,lifelesson.Storiesarevitaltothewayweprocessandexperiencelifeeventsandthefeelingsthatsurroundus.Theabilitytocreate,share,andrespondtostoriesisoneofthevitalcharacteristicsofbeinghuman.Infact,thehumanbrainisprogrammedtoseepatternsandbecomefascinatedintheplotdevelopmentofstories,finallystoringtheminlong-termmemory.Asaresult,thebrainisaremarkablyeffectiveprocessorofstories,bothrealandfictional.

High-qualitypicturebooksareagoodblendofartandliteraturethatattractskidsimaginationandcommunicatesanideainaneffectiveway.Thesebooksmeperfectteachingtools,astheydealwiththepowerfulemotionsthatkidsfeel,modeleffectivecopingstrategies,andpresentcomplexconceptsinappropriateways.Inaddition,accordingtobrainresearch,thepicturebookcomplementswordswithwhatleavesthemostpermanentimpression:

images.Thepicturesinbooksaredistinctivefromthefleetingimageskidsseeontelevisioninthattheyremainonthepage,readytoberevisited,touched,andcommentedupon.

Whetherwesharestoriesaboutfamilies,historicalevents,oremotions,storiesareawaytosumuplifesmemorablemomentsandlastinglessons.Wecancontrolthepowerofliteratureanduseittodeveloppositivecharacterinyoungkidsbyreadingoften,choosingsuitablebooks,andenjoyingstoriestogether.

1.Eliacried“That’snotfair!

asshethoughtthatshewas______

A.cheatedbyherfriend

B.defeatedbyherfriend

C.ignoredbyherteacher

D.scoldedbyherteacher

2.ABargainforFrancesisintendedtoteachkidshowto______

A.Playfairinlife

B.organizethings

C.wininconflicts

D.writeamessage

3.Accordingtothetext,storiescanhelpkids______

A.realizetheirpotential

B.improvetheirmemory

C.concentrateonreading

D.understandthehumanworld

4.Incomparisonwithpicturesinbooks,televisionimages______

A.arefrequentlycommentedon

B.staytemporarilywithchildren

C.blendartandliteraturevividly

D.communicateideaseffectively

5.Thepowerofliteraturecanhelpkidsdeveloptheir______

A.positivecharacter

B.interestinhistory

C.passionforstories

D.learningstrategies

Exercise4

Wehaveheardalotaboutthehealthbenefitsoftea,especiallygreentea.Itishighinpoly-phenols,compoundswithstrongantioxidantactivitythatintest-tubeandanimalmodelsshowanti-cancerandheart-protectiveeffects.Goodclinicalstudiesarefew,however,andalthoughphysicianstelltheirpatientstodrinkgreentea,therehasntbeenanydefiniteproofofthevalueofthatadvice.AteamofJapaneseresearcherswasabletolinkgreenteaconsumptionwithdecreasedmortalityfrommanycauses-includingheartdisease.Theresearcherstracked40,530healthyadultsages40to

79inaregionofnortheasternJapanwheremostpeopledrinkgreentea,followingthemfor