Since和for的用法及区别.docx

Since和for的用法及区别.docx

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Since和for的用法及区别

Since-和-for-的用法及区别

Since和for的用法及区别：

一，since的四种用法

1，since+过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、ago.1990,lastmonth,halfpastsix

Ihavebeenheresince1990.1990起，我一直在这儿。

2，since+一段时间+ago

Ihavebeenheresincefivemonthsago。

自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。

3，since+从句Great

Changeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.自从你走后，已经发生了很大的变化。

4，Itis+一段时间+since从句

ItistwoyearssinceIbecameanEnglishteacher.我成为英语老师有两年了。

2，For+时间段，用来说明动作延续时间长度，因此句中的谓语动词，也应该是延续性动词。

IhavebeeninBeijingforoneyear。

WehavelearntEnglishforaboutthreeyears.

又如：

-WhendidyougettoknowJack?

-Twoyearsago.

-Thenyou'veknowneachotherformorethantwoyears.

-That'sright.

五、终止性动词的用法特征

1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。

如：

Thetrainhasarrived.火车到了。

Haveyoujoinedthecomputergroup?

你加入电脑小组了吗？

2.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。

因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语用

（只限肯定式）。

如：

（1）他死了三年了。

误：

Hehasdiedforthreeyears.

正：

Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.

正：

Hediedthreeyearsago.

正：

Itisthreeyearssincehedied.

正：

Threeyearshaspassedsincehedied.

（2）

他来这儿五天了。

误：

Hehascomehereforfivedays.

正：

Hehasbeenhereforfivedays.

正：

Hecameherefivedaysago.

正：

Itisfivedayssincehecamehere.

正：

Fivedayshaspassedsincehecamehere.

句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方

式。

下面列举几例：

leave→beaway,borrow→keep,buy→have,begin/start→be

on,die→bedead,moveto→livein,finish→beover,join→bein/bea

member

of,opensth.→keepsth.open,fallill→beill,getup→beup,catchacold→have

acold

。

　练习：

用since和for填空

　　1）______twoyears2）_______twoyearsago3）_______lastmonth

　　4）______19995）_______yesterday6）_______4o’clock

　　7）______4hours8）_______anhourago9）_______wewerechildren

　　10）_____lunchtime11）______shelefthere

　　1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.

　　2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.

　　3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.

　　4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.

　　5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.

　　2.短暂性转换延续性

　　①arriveat/insw.getto/reachsw.come/go/movetosw.

　　→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere

　　1）HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.

　　He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.

　　2）ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.

　　I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.

　　3）Iwenthomeyesterday.

　　I________________________homefor___________________.

　　4）Theycameherelastweek.

　　They__________________heresince___________________.

　　②come/goback,return→bebackcome/goout→beout

　　1）Hecameouttwoyearsago.

　　He____________________________for____________________.

　　2）WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.

　　We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.

　　③become→be

　　1）Ibecameateacherin2000.

　　I__________________ateacherfor__________________.

　　2）Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.

　　Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.

　　④close→beclosedopen→beopen

　　1）Theshopclosedtwohoursago.

　　Theshop__________________________for__________________.

　　2）Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.

　　Thedoor________________________forsixhours.

　　⑤getup→beupdie→bedead

　　leavesw.→beawayfromsw.

　　fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep

　　finish/end→beovermarry→bemarried

　　1）Igotuptwohoursago.

　　I________________________since________________.

　　2）HeleftFuzhoujustnow.

　　He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.

　　3）Mygrandpadiedin2002.

　　Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.

　　4）Themeetingfinishedatsix.

　　Themeeting____________________forsixhours.

　　5）Igottosleeptwohoursago.

　　I__________________________since___________________.

　　6）Theymarriedin1990.

　　They___________________________since_________.

　　⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth.begin→beon

　　1）Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.

　　I________atthisschoolsince____.

　　2）Thefilmbegantwominutesago.

　　Thefilm____________for________.

⑦borrow→keeplose→nothavebuy→haveputon→wear

　　catch/getacold→haveacoldgettoknow→know

　　1）Theyborroweditlastweek.

　　They__________________itsince____________________.

　　2）Iboughtapentwohoursago.

　　I__________________apenfor__________________.

　　3）Igottoknowhimlastyear.

　　I___________________himsince____________________.

　　4）Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.

　　I____________________myglassesfor__________________.

　　⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeenin

　　1）HehasgonetoBeijing.

　　He_____________Beijingfortwodays.

　　⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy

　　→bealeague/aPartymember/asoldier

　　→beamemberoftheleague/theParty

　　→beintheleague/theParty/thearmy

　　1）Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.

　　He_________________a__________________fortwoyears.

　　He__________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.

　　He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.

　　2）Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.

　　Mybrother____________________a___________for______________________.

　　Mybrother______________________in_______________________fortwoyears.