本科毕业设计汉语量词英译研究.docx

本科毕业设计汉语量词英译研究.docx

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本科毕业设计汉语量词英译研究

Abstract

ThetranslationresearchonChinesequantifiersiswidelynoticedinthelongtraditionofsystematictranslationresearch.However,carefuldescriptionoftranslationpracticepresentsthattranslationisfilledwithchangesandshifts.TheserioustranslationresearchonChinesequantifiersbycategorizationtranslationmethodsareproducedisanimportantfactorthatshouldnotbeignored.ThedissertationconnectstheclassificationwiththetranslatingskillstoexplorehowtodealwiththetranslationontheChinesequantifiersandthesolutionsthathelptranslators’translationwork.Thecategorizingmethodandcasestudyareselected.Basedonthesystematicconclusion,theanalysismainlyfocusesontranslatingmethodswhichareprimarilyreliedontheequivalencebetweenChinesequantifiersandEnglishonesandthentheycouldbetranslatedaccordingtothecollocationpractice,copedwiththetranslationonthebasisofthecontextorcircumstances,conductedprofoundunderstandingontheoriginalandthenmakingbestchoices,appliedtoliteraltranslationorfreetranslationdependingontheneedsoftheoriginalandselectedwhethertotranslateornotbasedonthepassionateordispassionatepursuitofthequantifiers.Throughtheanalysis,itishopedthatthefindingsofthisdissertationwillgivesomeinsightsforthecomprehensionofthenoveltranslatingmethodsontheChinesequantifiers.

Keywords:

Englishtranslation;Chinesequantifiers;translationmethods;systematiccategorization

摘要

长期以来，在传统的系统翻译研究中，汉语量词的英译研究是备受关注的。

然而，通过严谨的翻译实践描述可以发现，翻译过程充满各种变化和转移。

为了应对这一状况，应该通过已有的分类归纳法对汉语量词进行细致的翻译研究，而这种分类归纳法无疑是这研究必不可少的重要因素。

论文把分类与翻译技巧结合在一起来探讨如何处理汉语量词的英译和寻找一些能帮助翻译者在量词翻译这一板块遇到的问题的解决办法。

论文选取归纳法和例证法进行研究。

基于系统的总结，论文主要根据中英量词的对等关系进行分析，从而找出五种翻译方法或应对技巧：

根据搭配习惯翻译、依据情景处理、理解原语深层含义择译、运用直译和意译法、按量词强弱程度择译或弃议。

通过分析，希望本论文的研究成果能为汉语量词的英译理解和创新提供启发和帮助。

关键词：

英语翻译；汉语量词；翻译方法；系统分类

Contents

Abstracti

摘要ii

1．Introduction1

1.1Researchbackground1

1.2Researchquestionsandresearchmethods1

1.3Organizationofthedissertation2

2．LiteratureReview3

2.1Introduction3

2.2Earlystudiesonquantifiers3

2.3Quantifiersresearchinnewperspectives4

2.3.1CuZexiang:

focustheory......................................................................................................4

2.3.2HeJie:

rhetoricaesthheticconsciousnessonquantifiers’stipulationsofanagreementswerve...........................................................................................................................................4

2.3.3Researchers’quantifiersstudyindistinguishingdirections…………………………….....6

2.4Summary7

3．AnExhaustiveTranslationStudyofChineseQuantifiers8

3.1Introduction8

3.2EquivalencebetweenChineseclassifiersandEnglishquantifiers8

3.2.1AnalysisofnominalclassifierswithEnglishquantifiers.........................................................8

3.2.2AnalysisofmomentumclassifierswithEnglishquantifiers.......................................................11

3.3Fivetranslationmethodsorgeneralsettlementsoverthetranslationdifficulties11

3.4Summary14

4．Conclusion15

4.1Summaryofthemajorfindings15

4.2Limitationsandsuggestions15

References16

Acknowledgements17

1．Introduction

1.1Researchbackground

Sincetranslationpracticebegan,translationresearcheshavebeenfocusingonhowtoachievetranslationequivalence.Tojudgeatranslatedtextisbetterornotisalwaystowatchwhetheritfollowstheoriginaltextcorrectlyandfaithfully.Differenttranslationtheoriesendeavourfiguringoutthemostavailablewaytoreachtranslationequivalence,forinstance,Nida’s（2004）theoryofdynamicequivalenceandCatford’s（1965）equivalencetheory.AccordingtoCatford（1965:

21）,“acentraltaskoftranslationtheoryisthatofdefiningthenatureandconditionsoftranslationequivalence”.Withequivalenceasthecentergoal,translatorsaresupposedtofollowtheoriginaltextascloselyaspossible,andthereislittlesystematicplaceforquantifiersintranslation.

However,thereisnoabsoluteequivalence,butonlypartialequivalenceincertainlanguageaspects,forexample,equivalenceoffunction,meaningandstyle.ThereisafamousItaliansaying“traduttoretroditore”whichmeans“totranslateistobetray”.Equivalenceisalwaysrelativewhilenonequivalenceisinevitableintranslation.

Accordingtotraditionaltranslationstudies,translationnonequivalenceisduetoobjectivelanguageandculturaldifferences,whichreflectsthetraditionalunderstandingoftranslationasatransparentlinguisticprocess.However,sincethecultureturnintranslationstudies,itiscontroversialthattranslationisnotapuretransparentprocessoflanguagecodeswitching,butaprocessinvolvingthetranslator’ssubjectivityandotherculturalelements.Asaresult,thesecondhalfofthetwentiethcenturyhaswitnessedtheappearanceofvariousnewtranslationstudiessuchasthepolysystemtheory,themanipulationschoolanddeconstructiontranslationtheories.Thesenewtheoriesgiveuptheconceptoftranslationequivalence,andexploretherelationsbetweentranslationandvariousfactorssuchastheroleofthetranslator,ideology,politicsandpower.Translationshiftsandrewritingshavebeenthemainpartsoftranslationstudies;neverthelessthetranslationofChinesequantifiersisstillangreatobstacleintranslatingwork.

1.2Researchquestionsandresearchmethods

Continuingthelongtraditionofequivalenceandtranslator’sinvisibilityintranslationstudies,thisdissertationconcentratesontheraresideoftranslationbystudyingtheequivalencewithChineseclassifiersandEnglishtablequantifiers,andsolvingtheproblemsexplodingduringtranslating.Thisdissertationwillmainlylookintothefollowingthreequestions:

（1）WhatpreparationshouldbemadebeforetranslatingthelargequantitiesofChinesequantifiers?

（2）Whatcanbedonewhilefacedtotheproblemofseekingequalorproperwords,especiallyinthepartofquantifiers,fortranslating?

（3）Whatlimitationsandsuggestionscouldbeputforwardundertheresearch?

Theresearchisdescriptiveratherthanprescriptive.Quantifiers’accuratetranslationistakenasinevitablephenomenaintranslationpractice.Theresearchpresentsvarioustranslationmethods,andstudiesthegeneralskillsofChinesemeasurewordstranslationintranslationshiftsbasedonthemetricmethod.Theclassificationofquantifiersisselectedastheprimaryresearchwayandexemplificationisusedtoassistinthestudy.Theclassificationofquantifiersandthewaysofquantifiers’translationaretakenasthesignificantpartsandelaboratedoranalyzedcarefully.

1.3Organizationofthedissertation

Thedissertationiscomposedoffourchapters.ChapterOnefunctionsasanintroduction,andstatestheresearchsetting,methodologyandstructureofthewholedissertation.ChapterTwointroducestheearlystudiesofquantifiersandsomenewperspectivesinsuchkindofresearch.ChapterThreeisthemainpartofthewholedissertation,whichwillanalyzeandintegratethematerialsandthenfigureouttheproperwaystocopewiththeproblemswhichwillbeencountered.ChapterFourconcludesthedissertation,presentingthemajorfindings,limitationsofthedissertation,andtheprospectsforfutureworkinthisfield.

2．LiteratureReview

2.1Introduction

Thischapterstartswiththetheoreticalframeworkofthisdissertation,mainlyextensivelyoutliningtheearlystudiesonquantifiers,andthenhasareviewofthelateperspectivesaboutthemeasurewords.ThefinalpartofthischapterdealswiththesignificanceofthesystematicexploringoftranslatingChineseclassifiers.

2.2Earlystudiesonquantifiers

QuantifiersareviewedastheuniquepartofspeechintheSino-Tibetanlanguagesystem.Itisexceptionallycomplexandtoughworktonamethemeasurewordsaffirmativelyandstudycontinuouslyattributingtotheearlyinternallanguagestudiesbeingconstrainedwithintheframeofwesterngrammarresearch.Atfirst,astosuchkindofstudy,theinternalpartsmostlyfollowthewesterntheoreticalresearchresultslikethegrammarresearchwithoutitsabsolutesystem.Afterall,becausetherearefeworevennosuchconceptsinwesternlanguagesystems,theearlystudiesofquantifiersshownothingasXiaoCui（2011:

6）said.Althoughmanyscholarshavepaidcloseattentiontothething—classifierscomefromthenounsandtheyareaffinitivetonouns,whichresultsfromthelimitedknowledgeofquantifiers,peoplecannotdefineitasanindividualone.Mashiwentong（马建忠:

1983）regardstheclassifiersas“numerationalalternativename”,andithasbeenthefirsttimepeoplebeawareofthe“numerationalalternativename”whichisdifferentfromanotherwords,butatthattime“quantifier”hadnotbeenconfirmedyet.WiththeNewlyNationalLanguageGrammaremerging,LiJinxi（1924:

81）refers,“Classifiersexpresstheamounts,followthenumbersandcanbedigit.”Thencomeoutthe“unitnouns”byWangLiinChineseContemporaryGrammar（1959）andLvShuxiang（2006）.Neverthelessscholarshavegotdowntodistinguishingthemomentumclassifiersfromnominalclassifiers;theystillcan’tmakeabreakthrough.Eventhough“particle”isdefinedtoclassifiersinPekingMonosyllablicVocabulary（1983）and“standardofmeasurement”isnotedbyChenWangdao（1978）,theseresearchesexpresslydescribefeaturesofquantifiersandyetdon’tgivethemadefiniteconcept.TillDingShengshu（1979:

5）explainsformally,“Quantifiersusuallyareappliedbehindthedemonstrativenounsornumerals,andaheadofnouns”inModernChineseGrammarSpeech.“Quantifier”showsitsofficialdebut.

Thoughthequanti