本科毕业设计汉语量词英译研究.docx

1、本科毕业设计汉语量词英译研究Abstract The translation research on Chinese quantifiers is widely noticed in the long tradition of systematic translation research. However, careful description of translation practice presents that translation is filled with changes and shifts. The serious translation research on Chi

2、nese quantifiers by categorization translation methods are produced is an important factor that should not be ignored. The dissertation connects the classification with the translating skills to explore how to deal with the translation on the Chinese quantifiers and the solutions that help translato

3、rs translation work. The categorizing method and case study are selected. Based on the systematic conclusion, the analysis mainly focuses on translating methods which are primarily relied on the equivalence between Chinese quantifiers and English ones and then they could be translated according to t

4、he collocation practice, coped with the translation on the basis of the context or circumstances, conducted profound understanding on the original and then making best choices, applied to literal translation or free translation depending on the needs of the original and selected whether to translate

5、 or not based on the passionate or dispassionate pursuit of the quantifiers. Through the analysis, it is hoped that the findings of this dissertation will give some insights for the comprehension of the novel translating methods on the Chinese quantifiers.Key words: English translation; Chinese quan

6、tifiers; translation methods; systematic categorization摘要长期以来，在传统的系统翻译研究中，汉语量词的英译研究是备受关注的。然而，通过严谨的翻译实践描述可以发现，翻译过程充满各种变化和转移。为了应对这一状况，应该通过已有的分类归纳法对汉语量词进行细致的翻译研究，而这种分类归纳法无疑是这研究必不可少的重要因素。论文把分类与翻译技巧结合在一起来探讨如何处理汉语量词的英译和寻找一些能帮助翻译者在量词翻译这一板块遇到的问题的解决办法。论文选取归纳法和例证法进行研究。基于系统的总结，论文主要根据中英量词的对等关系进行分析，从而找出五种翻译方法或应对

7、技巧：根据搭配习惯翻译、依据情景处理、理解原语深层含义择译、运用直译和意译法、按量词强弱程度择译或弃议。通过分析，希望本论文的研究成果能为汉语量词的英译理解和创新提供启发和帮助。关键词：英语翻译；汉语量词；翻译方法；系统分类ContentsAbstract i摘要 ii1Introduction 11.1 Research background 11.2 Research questions and research methods 11.3 Organization of the dissertation 22Literature Review 32.1 Introduction 32.2

8、Early studies on quantifiers 32.3 Quantifiers research in new perspectives 42.3.1 Cu Zexiang: focus theory.42.3.2 He Jie: rhetoric aesthhetic consciousness on quantifiers stipulations of an agreement swerve . .42.3.3 Researchers quantifiers study in distinguishing directions . .62.4 Summary 73An Exh

9、austive Translation Study of Chinese Quantifiers 83.1 Introduction 83.2 Equivalence between Chinese classifiers and English quantifiers 83.2.1 Analysis of nominal classifiers with English quantifiers .83.2.2 Analysis of momentum classifiers with English quantifiers . .113.3 Five translation methods

10、or general settlements over the translation difficulties 113.4 Summary 144Conclusion 154.1 Summary of the major findings 154.2 Limitations and suggestions 15References 16Acknowledgements 171Introduction1.1 Research backgroundSince translation practice began, translation researches have been focusing

11、 on how to achieve translation equivalence. To judge a translated text is better or not is always to watch whether it follows the original text correctly and faithfully. Different translation theories endeavour figuring out the most available way to reach translation equivalence, for instance, Nidas

12、 (2004) theory of dynamic equivalence and Catfords (1965) equivalence theory. According to Catford (1965: 21), “a central task of translation theory is that of defining the nature and conditions of translation equivalence”. With equivalence as the center goal, translators are supposed to follow the

13、original text as closely as possible, and there is little systematic place for quantifiers in translation. However, there is no absolute equivalence, but only partial equivalence in certain language aspects, for example, equivalence of function, meaning and style. There is a famous Italian saying “t

14、raduttore troditore” which means “to translate is to betray”. Equivalence is always relative while nonequivalence is inevitable in translation.According to traditional translation studies, translation nonequivalence is due to objective language and cultural differences, which reflects the traditiona

15、l understanding of translation as a transparent linguistic process. However, since the culture turn in translation studies, it is controversial that translation is not a pure transparent process of language code switching, but a process involving the translators subjectivity and other cultural eleme

16、nts. As a result, the second half of the twentieth century has witnessed the appearance of various new translation studies such as the polysystem theory, the manipulation school and deconstruction translation theories. These new theories give up the concept of translation equivalence, and explore th

17、e relations between translation and various factors such as the role of the translator, ideology, politics and power. Translation shifts and rewritings have been the main parts of translation studies; nevertheless the translation of Chinese quantifiers is still an great obstacle in translating work.

18、1.2 Research questions and research methodsContinuing the long tradition of equivalence and translators invisibility in translation studies, this dissertation concentrates on the rare side of translation by studying the equivalence with Chinese classifiers and English table quantifiers, and solving

19、the problems exploding during translating. This dissertation will mainly look into the following three questions: (1) What preparation should be made before translating the large quantities of Chinese quantifiers? (2) What can be done while faced to the problem of seeking equal or proper words, espe

20、cially in the part of quantifiers, for translating?(3) What limitations and suggestions could be put forward under the research?The research is descriptive rather than prescriptive. Quantifiers accurate translation is taken as inevitable phenomena in translation practice. The research presents vario

21、us translation methods, and studies the general skills of Chinese measure words translation in translation shifts based on the metric method. The classification of quantifiers is selected as the primary research way and exemplification is used to assist in the study. The classification of quantifier

22、s and the ways of quantifiers translation are taken as the significant parts and elaborated or analyzed carefully.1.3 Organization of the dissertationThe dissertation is composed of four chapters. Chapter One functions as an introduction, and states the research setting, methodology and structure of

23、 the whole dissertation. Chapter Two introduces the early studies of quantifiers and some new perspectives in such kind of research. Chapter Three is the main part of the whole dissertation, which will analyze and integrate the materials and then figure out the proper ways to cope with the problems

24、which will be encountered. Chapter Four concludes the dissertation, presenting the major findings, limitations of the dissertation, and the prospects for future work in this field.2Literature Review2.1 IntroductionThis chapter starts with the theoretical framework of this dissertation, mainly extens

25、ively outlining the early studies on quantifiers, and then has a review of the late perspectives about the measure words. The final part of this chapter deals with the significance of the systematic exploring of translating Chinese classifiers.2.2 Early studies on quantifiersQuantifiers are viewed a

26、s the unique part of speech in the Sino-Tibetan language system. It is exceptionally complex and tough work to name the measure words affirmatively and study continuously attributing to the early internal language studies being constrained within the frame of western grammar research. At first, as t

27、o such kind of study, the internal parts mostly follow the western theoretical research results like the grammar research without its absolute system. After all, because there are few or even no such concepts in western language systems, the early studies of quantifiers show nothing as Xiao Cui (201

28、1: 6) said. Although many scholars have paid close attention to the thingclassifiers come from the nouns and they are affinitive to nouns, which results from the limited knowledge of quantifiers, people cannot define it as an individual one. Mashiwentong (马建忠: 1983) regards the classifiers as “numer

29、ational alternative name”, and it has been the first time people be aware of the “numerational alternative name” which is different from another words, but at that time “quantifier” had not been confirmed yet. With the Newly National Language Grammar emerging, Li Jinxi (1924: 81) refers, “Classifier

30、s express the amounts, follow the numbers and can be digit.” Then come out the “unit nouns” by Wang Li in Chinese Contemporary Grammar (1959) and Lv Shuxiang (2006). Nevertheless scholars have got down to distinguishing the momentum classifiers from nominal classifiers; they still cant make a breakt

31、hrough. Even though “particle” is defined to classifiers in Peking Monosyllablic Vocabulary (1983) and “standard of measurement” is noted by Chen Wangdao (1978), these researches expressly describe features of quantifiers and yet dont give them a definite concept. Till Ding Shengshu (1979: 5) explains formally, “Quantifiers usually are applied behind the demonstrative nouns or numerals, and ahead of nouns” in Modern Chinese Grammar Speech. “Quantifier” shows its official debut. Though the quanti