高中英语时态练习教师版.docx
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高中英语时态练习教师版
高中英语语法总结
动词的语态
动词的语态
语态有两种:
主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
一,1)若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加"to"。
此类动词为感官动词或使役动词。
feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch
Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.
-->Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom(bytheteacher).
Wesawhimplayfootballontheplayground.
-->Hewasseentoplayfootballontheplayground.
二,2)情态动词+be+过去分词,构成被动语态。
Coalcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityforagricultureandindustry.
let的用法
1)当let后只有一个单音节动词,变被动语态时,可用不带to的不定式。
Theyletthestrangego.--->Thestrangewasletgo.
2)若let后宾补较长时,let通常不用被动语态,而用allow或permit代替。
Thenurseletmegotoseemyclassmateinthehospital.
---->Iwasallowed/permittedtoseemyclassmateinthehospital.
w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
三,短语动词的被动语态
短语动词是一个整体,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
Thisisaphotoofthepowerstationthathasbeensetupinmyhometown.
MysisterwillbetakencareofbyGrandma.
Suchathinghasneverbeenheardofbefore.
Timemustbemadegooduseof.
表示"据说"或"相信"的词组
believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understand
Itissaidthat…据说
Itisreportedthat…据报道
Itisbelievedthat…大家相信
Itishopedthat…大家希望
Itiswellknownthat…众所周知
Itisthoughtthat…大家认为
Itissuggestedthat…据建议
Itistakengrantedthat…被视为当然
Ithasbeendecidedthat…大家决定
Itmustberememberthat…务必记住的是
ItissaidthatshewillleaveforWuhanonTuesday.
四,不用被动语态的情况
1)不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:
appear,diedisappear,end(vi.结束),fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand
breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.
Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofmyhouse.
比较:
rise,fall,happen是不及物动词;raise,seat是及物动词。
(错)Thepricehasbeenrisen.
(对)Thepricehasrisen.
(错)Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.
(对)Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.
(错)Thepricehasraised.
(对)Thepricehasbeenraised.
(错)Pleaseseat.
(对)Pleasebeseated.
要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。
特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。
解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
2)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:
fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto
Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.
Yourstoryagreeswithwhathadalreadybeenheard.
3)系动词无被动语态:
appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn
Itsoundsgood.
4)带同源宾语的及物动词,反身代词,相互代词,不能用于被动语态:
die,death,dream,live,life
Shedreamedabaddreamlastnight..
5)当宾语是不定式时,很少用于被动语态。
(对)Shelikestoswim.
(错)Toswimislikedbyher.
五,主动形式表示被动意义
1)wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell,drive…
Thebooksellswell.这本书销路好。
Thisknifecutseasily.这刀子很好用。
2)blame,let(出租),remain,keep,rent,build
Iwastoblamefortheaccident.
Muchworkremains.
3)在need,require,want,worth(形容词),deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。
Thedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.
Thisroomneedscleaning.这房间应该打扫一下。
Thisbookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。
4)特殊结构:
makesb.heard/understood(使别人能听见/理解自己),havesth.done(要某人做某事)。
被动形式表示主动意义
bedetermined,bepleased,begraduated(from),befinished,beprepared(for),beoccupied(in),getmarries
Heisgraduatedfromafamousuniversity.
他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意:
表示同某人结婚,用marrysb.或getmarriedtosb.都可。
Hemarriedarichgirl.
Hegotmarriedtoarichgirl.
need/want/require/worth
注意:
当need,want,require,worth(形容词)后面接doing也可以表示被动。
Yourhairwantscutting.你的头发该理了。
Thefloorrequireswashing.地板需要冲洗。
Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。
典型例题
Thelibraryneeds___,butit'llhavetowaituntilSunday.
A.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleaned
答案A.need(实意)+n/todo,need(情态)+do,当为被动语态时,还可need+doing.本题考最后一种用法,选A。
如有tobeclean则也为正确答案。
典:
done,"不可能已经"。
mustnotdo不可以(用于一般现在时)
1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)
如:
Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。
ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会。
Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。
2.一般过去时(was/were+done)
如:
Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了。
Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。
3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/shallbe+done;would/shouldbe+done)
如:
Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。
Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。
Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done)
如:
Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时,机器正在被修理。
Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。
Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5.现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)
如:
Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。
Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
Severalsoldiershavealreadybeenkilledintheconflict.在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。
6.过去完成时(hadbeen+done)
如:
Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
2010年中考英语被动语态专项练习题
一、单项选择
( )1.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?
—Yes.Ourclassroom___everyday.
A. cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning
( )2.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology___intheschoolhallnextweek.
A. givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.give
( )3.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.
A.willbepublished B.ispublishing
C.isbeingpublished D.hasbeenpublished
( )4.—DidyougotoJack’sbirthdayparty?
—No,I____.
A. amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tinvitedD.didn’tinvite
( )5.—Mum,canIgotothezoowithJack?
—Whenyourhomework___,youcan.
A. isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did
( )6.Twenty—year—oldsshouldnot____todriveinChina.
A.allowB.beallowC.beallowedD.allowed.
( )7.Seeinghimrushintotheroomwithtearsinhiseyes,Iaskedhimwhat___.
A.wouldhappen B.hadhappened
C.happened D.washappened.
( )8.ThebookBusiness@theSpeedofThought___in1999.
A.writesB.iswrittenC.wroteD.waswritten.
( )9.Treesandflowers__everyyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.
A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted.
( )10.China’ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiang___GoodWillAmbassadors(亲善大使)forShanghai.
A.hasbeennamed B.havebeennamed
C.hasnamed D.havenamed.
( )11.Theearthisourhome.It___well.
A.mustbeprotected B.shouldprotect
C.needprotect D.shouldprotected.
( )12.Inrecentyears,manychildrenaremade___whattheyarenot___.
A.todo;interestedin B.todo;interested
C.do;interested D.do;interested.
( )13.___anewlibrary____inyourschoollastyear?
A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;builtD.Did;built.
( )14.Anaccident___onthisroadlastweek.
A.hasbeenhappened B.washappened
C.ishappened D.happened.
( )15.Cotten____inthesoutheastofChina.
A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow.
( )16.Sofar,themoon___bymanalready.
A. isvisited B.willbevisited
C.hasbeenvisited D.wasvisited.
( )17.Howmanytrees___thisyear?
A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted.
( )18.Alotofthings___bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.
A.aredoing B.arebeingdone
C.hasbeendone D.willbedone.
( )19.Neitherof them___inChina
A.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made.
( )20.Look!
Anicepicture___forourteacher.
A. isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws.
( )21.Yourshoes___.Youneedanewpair.
A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn.
( )22.Thedoctor___foryet.
A.isn’tsent B.hasn’tbeensent
C.won’tbesent D.wasn’tsent.
( )23—When___thiskindofcomputer___?
—Lastyear.
A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used
( )24.TheGreatWall__aboutallovertheworld.
A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown.
( )25.I___insummer.
A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn.
( )26.HesaysthatMrZhang___tothefactorynextweek.
A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent.
( )27.Who___thisbook__?
A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.do;writtenD.was;written
( )28.Mary___showmehernewdictionary.
A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto
( )29.Astory__byGrannyyesterday.
A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus
( )30.Themonkeywasseen____outofthetree.
A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump
参考答案
1~5CBABA6~10CBDCB11~15AABDA16~20CCBAB21~25CBBCB26~30DBBBD
二、单项选择
1
()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.
A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound
()2English____inCanada.
A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken
()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensings B.oftensang
C.isoftensang D.isoftensung
()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade
()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused
2
()1Ourroommust___clean.
A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep
()2-I'dliketobuythatcoat.
-I'msorry.___.
A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold
()3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.
A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding
()4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.
A.wasleftB.willbeleft