届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十五19页word版.docx

届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十五19页word版.docx

《届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十五19页word版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十五19页word版.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十五19页word版

2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十五

[一]

Asastarcomputerscientist,CristinaFonsecahadlotsofjoboffers,butsheturnedthemalldown.ShedecidedtostartherownbusinessTalkdesk.ShelivesinPortugalbutdoesbusinessallovertheglobebyusingsoftware.

Theglobaleconomyworkswellforsuchpeople.

Buttheworldofworkhasbeenlesskindtootheryoungfolks.FlorenceMoreau,ayoungarchitectinParis,hadthedoublemisfortunetoleaveuniversityin2009,whentheworldeconomywasonitsknees;andtobeFrench.“Ireallyneedafulltime,permanentjob，”shesays.UnderFrance’s3,800pagelabourcode,workersonpermanentcontracts（合同）receivegenerousbenefitsandareextremelyhardtogetridof.SoFrenchfirmshaveallbutstoppedhiringpermanentstaff:

Fourfifthsofnewemployeesareonshorttermcontracts.MsMoreauhashadeightjobs,nonelastingforlongerthan16months.Withasmallchildathome,shehastokeeplookingforthenextone.“It’stiring，”shesighs.

Joblessnessmatters.Thelongerpeopleareoutofwork,themoretheirskillsandtheirselfconfidenceatrophy,_thelessappealingtheylooktopotentialemployersandthemorelikelytheyaretogiveup.

Tradeunionsoftenfavouraminimumwage.Thiscanhelpthosewhoalreadyhavejobs,butifitissettoohighitcancrowdoutthosewiththefewestskillsandtheleastexperience,whotendtobeyoung.

Alaboursystemwherecompaniescanhireandfireeasilyisurgentlyneeded.

Makingiteasierforyoungpeopletostarttheirownbusinessisessential,too.Theymaybefullofenergyandopentonewideas.

Also,thereisahugemismatcheverywherebetweentheskillsthatmanyyoungpeoplecanofferandtheonesthatemployersneed.MsFonsecasaysshecannotfindtherighttalentforTalkdesk.Aseconomiesgrowmorecomplex,demandforpracticalskillswillkeeprising.Theworld’sschoolsarenotevenclosetomeetingit.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了目前严峻的就业形势及其原因。

12．Whycan’tMoreaufindapermanentjob?

A．Employersdon’twanttogiveworkersgoodwelfare.

B．Shedidn’tfinishuniversitystudies.

C．Theworldeconomyisbooming.

D．TheFrenchgovernmenthasn’ttakenanymeasuresforunemployment.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据第三段第四、五句可推知，Moreau找不到永久工作的原因是雇主不想给工人好的福利。

故答案选A。

13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“atrophy”inParagraph4mean?

A．Increase.B．Shrink.

C．Overcome.D．Survive.

解析：

选B　词义猜测题。

根据语境再结合常识可知，人们失业时间越长，他们的技能和自信就会越萎缩，对潜在的雇主就越没有吸引力，更有可能放弃。

由此可推知，画线词“atrophy”应与shrink意思相近，意为“萎缩”。

故答案选B。

14．WhatcanwelearnaboutCristinaFonseca?

A．ShedoesbusinessonlyinPortugal.

B．Whenseekingajob,shewasrefusedmanytimesbyemployers.

C．Hercompanyisnotrelatedtoinformationtechnology.

D．Shecan’tfindthetalentsshewants.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据最后一段第二句可知，Fonseca女士没能找到她想要的人才。

故答案选D。

15．Whichmeasureisactuallyuselessforunemployment?

A．Makelabourrulesmoreflexible.

B．Trainstudentstogainskills.

C．Raisetheminimumwage.

D．Encourageyoungpeopletostartcompanies.

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

该题提问的是哪种措施对失业无用。

根据文章最后四段可推知，提高最低工资对解决失业问题是无用的。

故答案选C。

[二]

Studentswhostayuplatetocramforatestorfinishaprojecthavelowercomprehensionandworseperformanceintheclassroomasaresult,researchshows.Theoldsayingthat"yousnooze,youlose"doesn'tapplytostudentswhostayuplatetocramforatestorfinishaclassproject.

TheUCLAteamfoundthatregardlessofhowmuchtimeahighschoolernormallyspendsonhomeworkeachday,astudentwhogivesupsleepforextrastudytimewillhavetroublethenextdayunderstandingmaterialinclassandbemorelikelytostrugglewithanassignmentortest-theoppositeofthestudent'sintent.

Theresearchersdidn'tquantify（量化）theincreasedriskforacademicproblemsfollowingalonger-than-usualstudysession,buttheysaidthenumberofproblemswas"surprisinglygreater."Therelationshipheldupnomatterhowambitiousthestudentwas,asmeasuredbytheamountoftimespentstudyingonatypicalday,anditbecamestrongerasstudentsprogressedthroughhighschool.

TheresultsrangtruetoKaiDaniels,aseniorattheLosAngelesCenterforEnrichedStudies.Onoccasionswhenshe'sstayeduplatetostudy,she'shadmoretroubleabsorbingmaterialinclass."I'dhavetore-teachmyselfatnight,"shesaid.Thefindingmakesalotofsense,andseveralnewstudiesareshowingthatthequantityandthequalityofsleepareimportantforrememberingnewinformationandconsolidating（巩固）learning.

Studentswhogettoolittlesleepdon'thaveenoughtimetoprocesswhattheystudy;evenjustonenightofsleepdeprivation（剥夺）canhaveanegativeeffect.Parentsshoulddowhattheycantomakesuretheirchildrenhavesufficientandconsistentsleep.Mostadolescentsneedjustoverninehoursofsleepanight,which9%ofhighschoolstudentsactuallyget,accordingtotheNationalSleepFoundation.Thoughaconsistentstudyandsleepscheduleareideal,thedemandsthathighschoolstudentsfacemakethat"infeasible（办不到的）,"theresearcherswrote.

16.Newresearchshowsthatgivingawaysleepforschoolworkis .

A.

agoodtrade

B.

aspecialtrade

C.

acommontrade

D.

abadtrade

17.Studentsgiveuptheirsleepjustto .

A.

understandmaterialinclass

B.

getmoretimetoplay

C.

getmoretimetostudy

D.

strugglewithatest

18.Theunderlined"it"inParagraph3means .

A.

Therelationship

B.

Therisk

C.

Theproblem

D.

Thestudent

19.WhatdoestheexampleofKaiDanielsprove?

A.

Theimportanceofstayinguplatetostudy.

B.

Theimportanceofthequantityandthequalityofsleep.

C.

Theimportanceofrememberingnewinformation.

D.

Theimportanceofconsolidatinglearning.

20.WhycanNOTmoststudentsinhighschoolgetenoughsleep?

A.

Becausetheyshouldobeytheschoolrules.

B.

Becausetheirparentsforcethemtostayup.

C.

BecausetheyobeytherulesoftheNationalSleepFoundation.

D.

Becausetheyfacethepressureofgoingtocollege.

参考答案：

16.D17.C18.A19.B20.D

[三]

Ithaslongbeenbelievedthatdrinkinggreenteaisgoodforthememory.NowresearchershavediscoveredhowthechemicalpropertiesofChina'sfavoritedrinkaffectthegenerationofbraincells,providingbenefitsformemoryandspatial（空间的）learning."Therehasbeenplentyofscientificattentiononitsuseinhelpingpreventcardiovasculardiseases,butnowthereisemergingevidencethatitschemicalpropertiesmayimpactcellularmechanismsinthebrain,"saidProfessorYunBai.

ProfessorBai'steamfocusedontheorganicchemicalEGCG,akeypropertyofgreentea.Theteambelieveditcanalsohaveabeneficialeffectagainstage-relateddegenerative（退化的）diseases."WeproposedthatEGCGcanimprovecognitivefunctionbyimpactingthegenerationofneuroncells,aprocessknownasneurogenesis,"saidBai."Wefocusedourresearchonthehippocampus,thepartofthebrainwhichprocessesinformationfromshort-termtolong-termmemory."

TheteamfoundthatEGCGbooststheproductionofneuralprogenitorcells,whichlikestemcellscanadapt,ordifferentiate,intovarioustypesofcells.Theteamthenusedlaboratorymicetodiscoverifthisincreasedcellproductiongaveanadvantagetomemoryorspatiallearning."Werantestsontwogroupsofmice,onewhichhadimbibedEGCGandacontrolgroup,"saidBai."Firstthemiceweretrainedforthreedaystofindavisibleplatformintheirmaze（迷宫）.Thentheyweretrainedforsevendaystofindahiddenplatform."

TheteamfoundthattheEGCGtreatedmicerequiredlesstimetofindthehiddenplatform.OveralltheresultsrevealedthatEGCGenhanceslearningandmemorybyimprovingobjectrecognitionandspatialmemory."WehaveshownthattheorganicchemicalEGCGactsdirectlytoincreasetheproductionofneuralprogenitorcells,bothinglasstestsandinmice,"concludedBai."ThishelpsustounderstandthepotentialforEGCG,andgreenteawhichcontainsit,tohelpcombatdegenerativediseasesandmemoryloss."

11.Thenewevidencesuggestschemicalproperties .

A.

inblackteamayimpactcellularmechanismsinthebrain

B.

ingreenteamayaffectcellularmechanismsinthebrain

C.

inblackteamaydamagecellularmechanismsinthebrain

D.

ingreenteamaydamagememoryandspatiallearning

12.Accordingtothepassage,ProfessorBai'steampaidattentionto .

A.

short-termandlong-termmemory

B.

thegenerationofneuroncellsandhippocampus

C.

age-relateddegenerativediseases

D.

theorganicchemicalEGCGandhippocampus

13.Theunderlinedword"imbibed"refersto .

A.

drunk

B.

stolen

C.

carried

D.

refused

14.Theteamfoundthatittookmoretime .

A.

fortheEGCGtreatedmicetofindthehiddenplatform

B.

fortheEGCGtreatedmicetofindthevisibleplatform

C.

forthecontrolmicetofindthehiddenplatform

D.

forthecontrolmicetofindthevisibleplatform

15.WhatmightbethepotentialforEGCG?

A.

Todecreasethebloodlevel.

B.

Toimprovethetimememory.

C.

Tohelptreatmemoryloss.

D.

Tocuredegenerativediseases.

参考答案：

11.B12.D13.A14.C15.C

[四]

Atlast,goodnewstoreportaboutthe"greenestgovernmentever".ApackageofrailwayspendingacrossEnglandandWalesworth£9.4bn—ofwhich£4.2bnwillbespentonpreviouslyunannouncedprojects.Theprojectsincludeahighcapacity"electricspine"runningbetweenYorkshireandtheEastMidlandsdowntosouthcoastports,andtheelectrificationofthelinebetweenSheffieldandBedford.FurtherelectrificationisalsoplannedinWalesmeaningtwo-thirdsoftheWels