安徽省明光英普辅导中心高一英语阅读理解分类训练社会类.docx
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安徽省明光英普辅导中心高一英语阅读理解分类训练社会类
安徽省明光英普辅导中心高一英语阅读理解分类训练（社会类）
（1）
Amongthefirsttosuggestthatclocksbemovedaheadtoextend（延长）daylighthoursduringthespringandsummerwasBenjaminFranklin.However,itwasnotuntilMarch31,1918,morethanacenturyafterFranklin’sdeath,thatCongressadoptedthepractice—duringWorldWarI,inordertosaveelectricity.DuringWorldWarI,daylightsavingwasalsoadopted（采取）inEngland,Germany,France,andmanyothercountries.
1.Daylightsavingmeans_______.
A.tomaketheclocksfasterB.tomaketheclocksslower
C.toextenddaylighthoursD.toshortendayhours
2.Thefirsttosuggestthatclocksbemovedaheadtoextenddaylighthourswas_______.
A.BenjaminFranklinB.CongressoftheUnitedStates
C.NooneD.Newton
3.Whendidtheyputthisintopractice?
A.WorldWarII.B.WorldWarI.
C.Morethanacenturyago.D.About50yearsago.
4.Congressadoptedthepractice,inorder_______.
A.tosavewaterB.tosaveelectricity
C.tosavemoneyD.tosavetime
5.Daylightsavingwasalsoadopted_______.
A.inEnglandandFrance.
B.inGermanyandmanyothercountries.
C.BothAandB
D.allthecountries
【答案与解析】本文讲述了延长白昼时间的提出，以及这种建议何时被采用。
1.C。
Daylight saving是什么意思？
文章首先说了延长白昼时间的方法被Franklin提出，然后说在第一次世界大战中为了节约电而采用了这种 daylight saving的方法。
由此可知是延长白昼时间的意思。
2.A。
文章第1句告诉我们提出延长白昼时间的人是Benjamin Franklin，由此可知答案。
3.B。
这个建议什么时候被运用在实践中的呢？
文章说到是在Franklin死后的一个世纪也就是在第一次世界大战中才被采用。
因此可知答案是B。
4.B。
文章中的第3句告诉我们延长白昼时间的原因是saving electricity。
5.C。
根据文章的最后一句我们得知英国和德国等都采用了这个建议。
所以A、B项都对。
（2）
Fiftyyearsagonotmanypeoplewouldhavesomethingrepairedintheirhomes.Inthosedayslaborwasfairlycheapandmostpeoplewouldhavethoughtitworthwhiletohavesomebodyrepairtheirthingsunlesstheywereverypoor.Today,however,itisquiteadifferentstory.Menandwomeninallwalksoflifeturntheirhandstoallkindsofjobsroundthehouse.Somepeoplehaveevensuccessfullybuilttheirownhouses.Thesejobshavebeenmadeeasiertodaybyusingpreparedmaterials.
1.Fiftyyearsagoifpeopleneededsomerepair,theywould_______.
A.trytomendthembythemselves
B.hasthemrepairedbyothers
C.repairthemintheirhomes
D.havesomebodyrepairthemunlesstheywerepoor
2.Manyjobshavebeenmadeeasiertodaybecause_______.
A.somepeoplehavesuccessfullybuilttheirownhouses
B.menandwomenturntheirhandstoallkindsofjobs
C.theycanbedonebyusingpreparedmaterials
D.alotofpeopleisveryhardupformoney
3.Fromthepassageweknowthat_______.
A.therearemany“DIY”shopsinBritain
B.noteveryhighstreetinBritainhasone“DIY”shop
C.peoplecandonothingwithoutusingpreparedmaterials
D.“Do-it-yourself”isalazybusinessincities
4.Whydidalotofpeoplevisit“DIY”shopseveryday?
A.Becausepeoplewereusedtodoingthingsathome.
B.Becausethepresent-daylaborwasnolongercheap.
C.Becausetheywereinterestedinsuchkindofshops.
D.Becausetheyenjoyedthehighcostofpresent-daylabor.
5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.HighStreetsinBritainB.DIY
C.Present-dayLaborD.AStrangeBusiness
【答案与解析】本文讲述了如今劳动力的情况和这种不同于以往的情况所带来的新的生意。
1.D。
文章第2段说Inthosedays...（那时劳动力很廉价，大多数人认为值得去请一些人修理，除非家里很穷），由此句可知答案。
2.C。
文章第1段最后一句说：
如今，这些工作由于用了预制材料变得容易起来。
由此句可推知答案。
3.A。
文章第2段第1句...atleastoneDIYshop，可知至少有一家，不一定只有一家。
4.B。
为什么每天都有很多人去DIYshop呢？
文章最后一句告诉了我们：
很多人去的原因是如今劳动力很贵（即劳动力不再便宜）。
因此选B。
5.C。
哪一个做文章的标题最好呢？
全文讲述的是如今劳动力的情况及带来的新的生意。
答案D（一种奇怪的生意）的这种概括不正确；答案C（如今的劳动力）的这种概括很好。
（3）
SportisverypopularinEngland.InotherwordslotsofEnglishpeopleliketheideaofsport.AlotwatchsportonTV.Butthenumberwhotakepartinsportisquitesmall.OnthewholeEnglishpeopleprefertobefatratherthanthin.
ThemostpopularsportinEnglandisfootball.FootballisplayedonSaturdayafternooninmosttownsandthesupportersofacertainteamwilltravelfromoneendofthecountrytotheothertoseetheirteamplay.Therearefourdivisions（级别）ofthefootballleague.Notsurprisinglythebestteamsareinthefirstdivision.Butthebestsupportersareofteninthefourthdivision.Youhavetobeagoodsupportertowatchthefourthdivisionfootball!
ManyothersportsarealsoplayedinEngland,suchasgolf,inwhichyoutrytoknockaballintoahole;basketball,inwhichyoutrytogetaballthroughanet;tennis,inwhichyoutrytohitaballsothatyouropponent（对手）cannothitit.Asyousee,iftheballhadnotbeeninvented,therewouldhavebeennosport.
Actually,thatisnotquitetrue.Athletics（田径）isn’tplayedwithaball;norhorseracing.Perhapsthatiswhytheyarenotaspopularasfootball!
1._______isthemostpopularsportinEngland.
A.BasketballB.FootballC.GolfD.Tennis
2.Youhavetobeagoodsupportertowatch_______divisionfootball.
A.thefirstB.thesecondC.thethirdD.thefourth
3.WhydomanyEnglishpeoplenottakepartinsport?
A.Theyaretoobusy.B.TheylikewatchingsportonTV.
C.Theywouldliketobefat.D.Theypreferstobethin.
4.WhyareEnglishpeopleinterestedinsport?
A.Theyhavetheirfootballteam.
B.ThesportgamesareplayedonSaturdayafternoon.
C.Theyliketheideaofsport.
D.Theylikethefamousplayers.
【答案与解析】本文讲述了英国十分流行运动，尤其是球类运动备受英国人的喜爱。
1.B。
在England流行什么运动？
文章第4行的ThemostpopularsportinEnglandisfootball，由此可知football最流行。
2.D。
如果你看第几级别的比赛你就是个很棒的球迷呢？
文章中的第2段Butthebestsupportersareofteninthefourthdivision（但最好的球迷常常在第四级别的比赛中），由此可知答案为D。
3.C。
文章第1段最后一句说英国人喜欢胖胜过喜欢瘦。
据此句可推测英国人不太参加运动的原因是C。
4.C。
为什么英国人对运动感兴趣？
文章第2段Inotherwordslotsof...，由此句可知答案是C。
（4）
Therehavebeengreatchangesinthelivesofwomen.Duringthetwentiethcenturytherewasanunusualshorteningofthetimeofawoman’slifespentincaringforchildren.Awomanmarryingattheendofthe19thcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninhermiddletwenties,andwouldbelikelytohavesevenoreightchildren,ofwhomfourorfivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold.Bythetimetheyoungestwasfifteen,themotherwouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesandwouldexpecttoliveafurthertwentyyears,duringwhichcustom,chanceandhealthmadeitunusualforhertogetpaidwork.Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.Usuallyawoman’syoungestchildwillbefifteenwhensheisforty-fiveandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty.Evenwhileshehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbyhouseholdappliances（家用电器）andconveniencefoods.
Thisimportantchangeinwomen’swayoflifehasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomen’seconomicposition.Evenafewyearsagomostgirlsleftschoolatthefirstopportunityandmostofthemtookafull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,theyusuallyleftworkatonceandneverreturnedtoit.Todaytheschool-leavingageissixteen,manygirlsstayatschoolafterthatage,andthoughwomentendtomarryyounger,moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn.Verymanymoreafterwards,returntofullorpart-timework.Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,withbothhusbandandwifeacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactionoffamilylife,andwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoneyandrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestofeachthem.
1.Accordingtothepassage,aroundtheyear1990mostwomenmarried________.
A.atabouttwenty-five
B.intheirearlyfifties
C.assoonaspossibleaftertheywerefifteen
D.atanyagefromfifteentoforty-five
2.Wearetoldthatinanaveragefamilyabout1990_______.
A.manychildrendiedbeforetheywerefive
B.theyoungestchildwouldbefifteen
C.sevenofeightchildrenlivedtobemorethanfive
D.fouroffivechildrendiedwhentheywerefive.
3.Whenshewasoverfifty,thelate19thcenturymother_______.
A.wouldexpecttoworkuntilshedied
B.wasusuallyexpectedtotakeuppaidemployment
C.wouldbehealthyenoughtotakeuppaidemployment
D.wasunlikelytofindajoblikethemothernowadays
4.Manygirls,thepassagesays,arenowlikelyto_______.
A.marrysothattheycangetajob
B.leaveschoolassoonastheycan
C.giveuptheirjobsforgoodaftertheyaremarried
D.continueworkinguntiltheyaregoingtohaveababy
5.Accordingtothepassage,itisnowquiteusualforwomento_______.
A.stayathomeafterleavingschoolB.marrymenyoungerthanthemselves
C.startworkingagainlaterinlifeD.marrywhilestillatschool
【答案解析】本文描述了15世纪与20世纪妇女生活的变化。
1.A。
细节题。
根据第1段第3句…Awomanmarryingattheendofthe19thcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninhermiddletwenties可知答案为A。
2.D。
细节题。
根据第1段第3句…ofwhomfouroffivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold可推知答案为D。
3.D。
细节题。
根据第1段…themotherwouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesand…madeitunusualforhertogetpaidwork.Today…whensheisforty-fiveandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty可知答案为D。
4.D。
细节题。
根据第2段…Todaytheschool-leavingageissixteen,…moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn可知答案为D。
5.C。
细节题。
根据第2段…Verymanymoreafterwards,returntofullorpart-timework.可知答案为C。
（5）
TheWorldTradeOrganization（WTO）,foundedonJanuary1,1995,aimstoencourageinternationaltradetoflowasfreelyaspossible,makingsurethattradeagreementsarerespectedandthatanydisputes（争端）canbesettled.
Inthefiveyearssinceitsfounding,theWTOhasbecomewell-knownasoneoftheworld’smostpowerfuleconomicorganizations,takingitsplacealongsidetheWorldBankandInternationalMonetaryFund.
Thesystemofglobalrulesforinternationaltrade,however,datesbackhalf
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