英语词汇学第六单元测试1.docx

英语词汇学第六单元测试1.docx

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英语词汇学第六单元测试1

C6Test-1

I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralterna-tiveanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestate-ment.

1.Senserelationsinclude.

A.polysemy,analogy,amelioration,homonymyandhyponymy

B.tautology,analogy,synonymy,antonymyandhomonymy

C.polysemy,homonymy,synonymy,antonymyandhyponymy

D.inconsistency,homonymy,synonymy,antonymyandhypon-ymy

2.isacommonfeaturepeculiartoallnaturallanguag-esbecauseoverwhelmingmajorityofwordshavemorethanonemeaning.

A.PolysemyB.Hyponymy

C.SynonymyD.Homonymy

3.Thetwoapproachestopolysemyareapproachandapproach.

A.syntagmatic,paradigmaticB.diachronic,synchronic

C.dichronic,syntagmaticD.synchronic,paradigmatic

4.Atthetimewhenthewordwascreated,itwasendowedwithonlyonemeaning.Thisfirstmeaningisthemean-ing.

A.associativeB.stylistic

C.primaryD.affective

5.Thelatermeaningsaddedtothefirstmeaningofthewordarecalled

meanings.

A.lexicalB.conceptual

C.secondaryD.derived

6.Synchronically,thebasicmeaningofawordisthecoreofwordmeaningcalledthemeaning.

A.primaryB.secondary

C.centralD.derived

7.Thedevelopmentofwordmeaningfrommonosemytopolysemyfollowstwocourses,traditionallycalledand.

A.elevation,degradationB.extension,narrowing

C.radiation,concatenationD.radiation,extension

8.Radiationisasemanticprocessinwhichthemean-ingstandsatthecenterandthemeaningsproceedoutofitineverydirectionlikerays.

A.secondary,primaryB.primary,secondary

C.conceptual,associativeD.lexical,grammatical

9.Inthederivedmeaningsaredirectlyconnectedtothemeaning.

A.concatenation,centralB.radiation,primary

C.radiation,secondaryD.concatenation,associative

10.Generally,precedes.

A.concatenation,radiationB.widening,concatenation

C.narrowing,wideningD.radiation,concatenation

11.arewordsdifferentinmeaningbuteitheridenticalbothinsoundandspellingoridenticalonlyinsoundorspelling.

A.HomographsB.Homonyms

C.PerfecthomonymsD.Homophones

12.Perfecthomonymsare.

A.homographsB.bothhomophonesandhomographs

C.homophonesD.identicalbothinsoundandspelling,butdifferentinmeaning

13.Allofthefollowingarethesourcesofhomonymsexcept.

A.changeinsoundandspellingB.shortening

C.borrowingD.extension

14.ThesourcesofEnglishsynonymsexclude.

A.dialectsandregionalEnglish

B.figurativeandeuphemisticuseofwords

C.extension,narrowing,elevationanddegradationofwords

D.coincidencewithidiomaticexpressions

15.Thedifferencesbetweensynonymsboildowntothreeareas:

.

A.elevation,connotation,application

B.connotation,elevation,degradation

C.connotation,denotation,application

D.amelioration,deterioration,denotation

16.Byconnotationwemeantheandco-louringofwords.

A.derogatory,commendatory

B.stylistic,emotive

C.rhetoric,semantic

D.emotive,collocative

17.“lump”,“slice”,“chunk”,“sheet”and“cake”havethesamemeaning,“piece”,buttheyaredifferentin.

A.conceptual,connotationB.lexical,denotation

C.conceptual,applicationD.associative,collocation

18.Thetwofeaturesofcontradictorytermsareand.

A.mutuallyexclusive,non-gradableB.inclusive,exchangeable

C.relative,interdependentD.relational,interdependent

19.“east/west”are.

A.contrarytermsB.contradictoryterms

C.relativetermsD.co-hyponyms

20.Peopleuseantonymsinidiomsto.

A.expressideaseconomicallyforthesakeofcontrast

B.formantithesistoachieveemphasis

C.bothAandB

D.reachclimax

21.Contrarytermsaregradableantonyms,differingindegreeof.

A.formalityB.rhetoriccolouring

C.assimilationD.intensity

22.“hate/love”are.

A.contrarytermsB.contradictoryterms

C.relativetermsD.complementaryantonyms

23.Leastantonymsarefoundamongnounswhicharenamesof.

A.objectsB.ideas

C.domainsD.alltheabove

24.“compounding”and“composition”are.

A.absolutesynonymsB.relativesynonyms

C.stylisticsynonymsD.emotivesynonyms

25.Homonyms,particularly,areoftenemployedtocreatefordesiredeffectof,say,humour,sarcasmorridicule.

A.homographs,puns

B.homophones,antithesis

C.homophones,puns

D.homographs,antithesis

26.Whenawordisfirstcoined,itisalways.

A.monosemicB.polysemic

C.neutralD.informal

27.A/anhasmoresemantic:

componentsthana/an.

A.superordinateterm,subordinateterm

B.subordinateterm,superordinateterm

C.grammaticalwont,lexicalword

D.nativewonl,loanword

28.“teacher”anti“student”are.

A.relativetermsB.contraryterms

C.contradictoryD.superordinates

29.“piglet”,“chicken”,“child”and“duckling”sharethesamesemanticcomponent

.

A.animalB.adult

C.maleD.young

30.A/anisgeneralanda/anisspecific.

A.hyponym,subordinateterm

B.superordinate,subordinateterm

C.polysemant,monosemant

D.lowerterm,upperterm

31.Thedifferencesbetweensynonymslieinthreeaspectsexcept.

A.grammaticalmeaningB.application

C.connotationD.denotation

32.“widow/widower”are.

A.eontradictoryantonymsB.relativeantonyms

C.contraryantonymsD.notantonyms

33.Absolutesynonymsare.

A.numerousB.rare

C.popularD.common

34.Associativemeaningcomprisesseveraltypesexcept.

A.connotativemeaningB.stylisticmeaning

C.affectivemeaningD.lexiealmeaning

35.Homonymsaregenerallywordsdifferentinbutei-theridenticalbothinoridenticalonlyin.

A.sound;meaningandspelling;meaningorspelling

B.meaning;soundandspelling;soundorspelling

C.spelling;meaningandsound;soundorspelling

D.meaning;soundandspelling;sound

36.Relativesynonymsalsocallednear-synonymsaresimilarornearlythesamein

.

A.affectivemeaningB.conceptualmeaning

C.eollocativemeaningD.stylisticmeaning

37.Theoriginsofhomonymsare.

A.changeinsoundB.shortening

C.borrowingD.alltheabove

38.Inconcatenation,betweenthelatestsenseandtheoriginalsense,thereisinmanycases.

A.asignofconnectionbetweenthem

B.somesignsofconnectionbetweenthem

C.notasignofconnectionbetweenthem

D.manysignsofconnectionbetweenthem

39.Indiachronicapproach,othermeaningsapartfromthepri-marymeaningofawordwereacquiredby.

A.extensionandtransferB.narrowing

C.analogyD.alltheabove

40.Themostimportantsourcesofsynonymsisperhaps.

A.dialectsandregionalEnglish

B.borrowing

C.figurativeandeuphemisticuseofwords

D.eoincidencewithidiomaticexpressions

II.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.

1.“some”and“sum”are.

2.“date”and“date”areidenticalbothinsoundandspelling,butdifferinmeaning.Theyare.

3.Fromthepointofview,polysemyisassumedtobetheresultofgrowthanddevelopmentofthesemanticstructureoftheoneandsameword.

4.Synonymssharealikenessinaswellasinpartofspeech.

5.Thedevelopmentofwordmeaningfrommonosemytopolysemyfollowstwocourses,traditionallyknownasradiationand.

6.Perfecthomonymsandpolysemantsarefullyidenticalwithre-gardtospellingand.

7.Synchronically,polyscmyisviewedastheofvariousmeaningsofthesamewordinacertainhistoricalperiodoftime.

8.Synonymscanbeclassifiedintotwomajortypes:

absolutesyn-onymsand

synonyms.

9.Theoriginalmeaningof“pain”was“”.

10.Whenawordisfirstcoined,itisalways.

11.Wordsarearbitrarysymbolsandareindependententitiessofarastheirouterfacet——spellingand,isconcerned.

12.Diachronically,themeaningsofapolysemantincludeapti-marymeaningand

meanings.

13.Synchronically,themeaningsofapolysemantincludeacen-tralmeaningand

meanings.

14.Concatenationdescribesaprocesswhereeachofthelatermeaningsisrelatedonlytotheprecedingonelike.

15.Homophonesandhomographsarehomonyms.

16.Ofperfecthomonyms,homographsandhomophones,constitutethelargestnumberandaremostcommon.

17.Synonymsarethewordswhichhavethesameorverynearlythesame

meaning.

18.Relativesynonymsaredifferentindenotation,andapplication.

19.Synonymscanbedefinedaswordsdifferentinsoundandbutmostnearlyalikeorexactlythesameinmeaning.

20.Differenceinconnotationbetweensynonymsreferstothedif-ferencein

andemotivecolouringofwords.

21.“policeman”and“constable”arestylistically,yettheformerisusedbothinBritishEnglishandAmeri-canEnglishwhilethelatterisonlyinBritishEnglish.

22.“big”isgenerallyusedtoshowthebignessofsize,volume,extent,weight,number,andsoon,anyemotivecolouring.

23.Contrarytermsareantonyms,differingindegreeofintensity,soeachhasitsowncorrespondingopposite.

24.Ineachpairofcontradictoryterms,theofoneisthedenialoftheother.

25.Contrarytermsarebestviewedintermsofascalerunningbe-tweentwopolesor.

26.Withregardtocontraryterms,thetwooppositesaregradableandoneexists

theother.

27.Thereisa/anoppositionbetweencontradictoryterms.

28.Inthecaseofrelativeterms,theoppositionisonly.

29.Semanticisonecharacteristicofcontraryterms.

30.Wordsdenotingnature,qualityorstateofthingshavemanyantonyms.Thisaccountsforthelargenumberofantonymsamong.

31.Thehyponymsunderthesamesuperordinateare.

32.Onthebasisofopposition,antonymsareclassifiedintocontradictoryterms,contrarytermsandrelativeterms.

33.“do