钢结构英语术语汇总.docx

钢结构英语术语汇总.docx

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钢结构英语术语汇总

AASHTO

AmericanAssociationofStateHighwayandTransportationOfficials.Governingbodyresponsibleforthefollowingpolespecification:

"StandardSpecificationsforStructuralSupportsforHighwaySigns,Luminaires,andTrafficSignals."（AlsocalledLTS-2）

ACORNNUT

Decorativeanchorboltnutwithenclosedroundedtop.

AGENT

Representativeofmanufacturedproductsandresponsibleforcommunication,salesandserviceofcustomerswithinaspecifiedregion.

AISC

AmericanInstituteofSteelConstruction

ALLOWABLESTRESS

Maximumpermissiblestressasdefinedbydesigncriteria.

ALLOY

Acompoundmixtureconsistingofoneormorebaseelements（metal）toachievedesiredphysicalormechanicalproperties.Examplesofdifferentaluminumallowsareasfollows:

6063:

Standardpoleandarmshaftmaterial.

4043:

Standardaluminumweldingelectrode.

5356:

Standardaluminumweldingelectrode.

6061:

Specialpoleandarmshaftmaterial.

356:

Standardflangebasecastingmaterial.

ALUMINUM

Asilver-whitenon-ferrousmetallicelementwhosefeaturesandphysicalpropertiesinclude:

agoodresistancetotemperaturevariations,highreflectivity,resistancetooxidation,ductility,lightweight,andrecyclable.

ANCHORBASE

See"FixedBase"

ANCHORBOLT

Threadedsteelrodembeddedintoconcreteandusedtoconnectthepoletothefoundation.

ANGLEIRON

ping

ANODIZING

Theprocessofcoatingametallicsurfaceelectrolytically.Thisprocessnormallyinvolvesthecombinationofelectricalcurrentandchemicalbathinwhichthematerial'ssurfaceor"skin"isalteredtoformaprotectiveshieldfortheremainingmaterial

ANSI

AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute

APPROVALDRAWING

Formaldrawingsubmittedtocustomerfortheirreviewtodetermineacceptabilityofproduct.

ARCHITECTURALCOATING

Specialfinishcoatingdesignedtogivetheappearanceofconcrete,marble,graniteorsandstone.

ARGON

Inertgaselementutilizedasashieldingcomponentof"gasmetalarcwelding"（GMAW）or"metalinertgaswelding"（MIG）.Generallyutilizedwhenweldingaluminumorlikematerials.

ARM

Asingleextensionofanycrosssectionusedtomountasinglefixture.

ARMRISE

Theverticaldistancefromthecenterlineofthesimplexconnectiontothecenterlineofthearmend.

ARTIFICIALAGING

Processofheatingandcoolingamaterialinacontrolledmannertodevelopdesiredmechanicalproperties.（Seealsoheattreat）.

ASTM

AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials

ASTROBRACKET

Deviceusedtoattachatrafficsignaltothepoleormastarm.Normallyrigidmounted,butcanalsobefreeswinging.

AWS

AmericanWeldingSociety

AXIALFORCE

Forcealongthelongitudinalaxisofamember.Whendesigningafoundationthisfigurerelatestotheweightofastructureplusanyaddeddevicesorequipment.

B

BACK-UP-BAR

Steelbarusedtosecurethehandholecover.

BACK-UP-RING

Steelringusedforfull-penetrationweldedconnections.

BACKPLATE

Bordersurroundingtrafficsignalheads.

BANNERARMS

Twoparallelpipeextensionsboltedalongthepoleshaftusedtomountaspecialbanner.

BASECOVER

See"FullBaseCover"

BASEFLANGE

Castcomponentweldingtothebottomofthepoleshaftusedtoconnectthestructuretothefoundation.（Alsocalledbasecastingandshoebase）.

BASEPLATE

Steelplateweldedtothebottomofthepoleshaftusedtoconnectthestructuretothefoundation.

BASEREACTIONS（POLE）

Shearforce,axialforce,andbendingmomentoccurringatthepolebase,usedforfoundationdesign.

BEARINGPLATE

Steelplateattachedtothebottomofananchorboltdesignedtopreventboltpull-out.

BENDRADIUS

Theradialdimensioncorrespondingtothecurvatureofabentmember,usuallymeasuredfromtheinsidesurface.

BENDINGMOMENT

Theproductofawindforceorweightforcemultipliedbyitsdistancefromasection.

BOLT

Metalrodorpinusedforfasteningobjectstogetherthatusuallyhasaheadatoneendandascrewthreadattheother.

BOLTCHORD

Dimensionmeasuredbetweentwoadjacentanchorboltswhichdonotintersectthecenterlineofthefoundation.Thisdimensionmayvarybetweeneachindividualchord.

BOLTCIRCLE

Dimensionmeasuredfromoneanchorbolttoanotherwhichintersectsthecenterlineofthepattern.Thisdimensionwillremainequalforallbolts,regardlessofquantityofbolts.

BOLTCOVER

Adecorativecastcoverusuallyfastenedtothebaseflangecoveringtheanchorbolt.

BOLTLOAD

Forcealongtheaxisofabolt.

BOLTPROJECTION

Lengthofanchorboltextendingabovethefoundationsurface.

BREAKAWAYCOUPLING

Deviceusedtoconnectthepoletotheanchorbolts,anddesignedtofracturewhenthepoleisimpactedbyavehicle.Themainpurposebeingtoassurepassengersafety.

BULLHORN

Steelpipeformedwitha90degreeupwardbendusedtomountfixtures,speakers,cameras,etc.

BUMPFORMED

Methodofmanufacturingaflatsteelplateintostructuralshape.Theplateisbentbyabrakepressusuallyatequalspacings,formingthedesiredshape.

BUTTWELD

Circumferentialweldjointusedtoconnecttwoshaftsectionsorashafttoaplatewithorwithoutaback-upring.

C

C-HOOK

Steelrodformedintoshapeofa"C"andusedforwiresupportorhandlingpurposes.

C.B.C

CanadianBuildingCode

C.S.A

CanadianStandardsAssociation

C.S.R.

（CombinedStressRatio）Summationofratiosofappliedstressesoverallowablestresses.Includedstressesarebending,shearandaxial.

C.W.B.

CanadianWeldingBureau

CAD

Computer-AidedDesign

CAGEPLATFORM

Aplatformthatconsistsofformedsteeltubing,supportanglesandsteelgratingtosafelysupportaservicepersonandaclusteroflightingfixtures.

CALCULATIONS

Formalstructuralanalysistobepresentedtothecustomer,provingadequacyofthestructuretothedesigncriteriarequirements.

CAMBER

Curvingofsignstructurechords,mastarmsorpolesduringthemanufacturingprocess.Thecurveddisplacementfromcenterlineisequalandoppositetothedeflectionexpectedinthefield.Thestructure,therefore,appearsstraightafterloadsareappli

CANTILEVER

Structurefixedatoneendandfreeattheother.Apoleisaverticalcantileverandamastarmisahorizontalcantilever.

CASTING

Productwhichismanufacturedbymeansofmoldinginaformwithamoltenalloy.

CERTIFICATION

Adocumentcontainingaconfirmationthattheproductand/ordesignmeetsorexceedssomespecificallystatedconditions.

CITYSCAPE

Uniquedesignstyleintrafficcontrolandlightingstructuresincorporatingmodularcomponents.

CLAMSHELLBASE

A2-pieceshellbaseboltedaroundthepolebaseafterinstallation.

CLEARANCE

Theverticaldistancefromtheroadwaysurfacetothelowestpointofanoverhangingdevice.

COATING

Processofcoveringaproductwithoneoforacombinationofthefollowing:

galvanizing,paintingand/ormetallizing.

COBRAHEAD

Generictermforsomestreetlightingfixtures.

COILMATERIAL

Anysteelwhichisrolledintocoilformafterprocessingfromthemill.

COMMISSION

Afeepaidtoarepresentativefortransactingapieceofbusinessorperformingaservice.

CONTROLLERCABINET

Metalcabinetthathousescomponentsusedtooperatetheelectricalsystem.Componentscouldincludeitemssuchasterminalstrips,timers,andcircuitbreakers.

COR-TEN

TradenamebyUnitedStatesSteelCompanyforhighstrength,lowalloy,self-weatheringsteel.Thismaterialhasenhancedatmosphericcorrosionresistancewhencomparedwithordinarycarbonsteels.Theenhancedcorrosionresistancemaypermittheuseoft

COUPLING

Internallythreadedsteelfittingusedforwiringaccessandattachmentofcontrollercabinets,junctionboxesorotherrelateddevices.

CRITERIA

Awrittenspecificationusedtocontrolthedesignofastructure.

CROSSARM

Alengthofsteeltubingoranglethatattachestoapoleshaftwithprovisionsformountingasinglerowoflightingfixtures.

D

DAMPER

Mechanicaldeviceusedtoeliminateorreduceharmonicvibrations.（Seealsovibrationdamperandharmonicvibrations）.

DAVIT

Radialformedpole/luminairearm.

DEADLOAD

Totalweightofstructureandalladdedappurtenances.

DEFLECTION

Movementofthepoleand/orarm,expressedasadisplacementorrotation,resultingfromdeadloadsorotherappliedloads.

DERATE

Recognizingamaterial'slossofphysicalormechanicalpropertiesduetoamanufacturingprocesssuchaswelding.

DIECASTING

Theprocesswheremoltenmetalisforcedunderpressureintothecavityofamoldtoformadesiredshapesuchasabaseflangeorbasecasting.

DRAGCOEFFICIENT

Anumericalfactorusedinwindforcecalculations.Thisfactorisappliedtotheprojectedareaofastructuralmember,lightingfixture,trafficsignal,orothercomponenttoaccountforitsshape.

DRILLPATTERN

Layoutofholesizeandspacingforagivenfixture.

DUPLEXRECEPTACLE

ElectricalcomponentgenerallyusedinconjunctionwithValmontfestoonbox

E

EFFECTIVEPROJECTEDAREA（EPA）

Areaofagivenfixtureand/orstructureresistingwindforce（projectedareaxappropriatedragcoefficient）.

ELEVATION

Thedistancewhichsomethingisaboveorbelowsealevel,groundlevelorotherreferencedsurface.（i.e.,highway,foundation,etc.）

ELLIPTICAL

Havingtheshapeofanoval.

EMBEDDEDPOLE

Polefixedintoconcreteorcompactedsoilbymeansofanextendedportion.

EXTRUSION

Theprocessofforcingmaterialthroughadietoformadesiredcross-sectionshape.

F

FASTENER

Apartusedtoattachorsecuretwocomponentstogether.（i.e.,bolt,nut,screw,etc.）

FERRULE

See"Tenon"

FESTOONBOX

Enclosureweldedtoastructuretoaccommodatethemountingofanelect