高中英语状语从句讲解及练习含答案.docx
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高中英语状语从句讲解及练习含答案
状语从句
状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:
时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。
一、时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有:
when,as,while,until,not⋯until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。
时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过
去时。
1.When,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1)When
Eg:
WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.
注意点:
when从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be动词时,从句主语和
Eg:
When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.
2)As
As除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”
Eg:
Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)
Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着)
3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,
be可以省略。
从句一般用进行时,
从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Eg:
Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.
While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.
注意点:
while有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
eg:
Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.
2.until,not⋯until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中主句
常用短暂性动词。
肯定句:
Iwaiteduntilmidnight.
否定句:
Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.
注意点:
1)notuntil在⋯句首,主句用倒装
eg:
NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.
2)Itisnotuntil⋯that⋯引导的强调句
Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.
3.theminute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”
eg:
Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.
注意点:
theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time作连词不和when连用。
4.Hardly/scarcely⋯when,nosooner⋯than,as表soon示为as“一```就```”eg:
Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.
ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.
注意点:
Hardly/scarcely⋯when,nosooner⋯than位于句首,主句用倒装eg:
HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.
二条件状语从句
条件状语从句分为两大类:
真实条件句和虚拟条件句。
引导条件状语从句的连词有:
if,even
if/though,unless/if⋯not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofarovided/providingas,(that),onconditionthat等。
条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时。
1.unless和if⋯notunless相当于if⋯not
eg:
Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.
Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.
注意点:
在虚拟条件句中可用if⋯not,但不能用unless
eg:
Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.
2.引导条件状语从句的其它连词:
Eg:
Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.
Eg:
Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.
Eg:
Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.
三让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有:
though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,no
matterwhat,nomatterwho等。
1.though,although不可与but连用,但可以和yet,still
Eg:
Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.
连用.
注意点:
1)though可引导倒装(although不引导倒装),结构为:
强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分,强调对象可为表语(名词、形容词)或状语(副词)
表语为名词时,前面不用冠词。
,
Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.
Tiredasheis,hegoesonwithhiswork.
2)despite和inspiteof也有让步意义,后接名词或动词,而though,although是连词,后
接从句。
Eg:
Despite/Inspiteofwantingtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.
Though/althoughshewantedtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.
2.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”
eg:
Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.
Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.
注意点:
nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句
3.evenif/though表示“即使”
eg:
Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.
四原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有:
because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,
duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等
1.because
because语气最强,通常用于回答why提出的问题
注意点:
在itwas⋯that⋯的强调结构中,强调原因状语从句可用because引导,不用since,as,for引导。
Eg:
Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.
2.since和as
since的语气比because弱,比as强,表示间接的,已知的原因,自然的结果,表示“既然,由于”。
Eg:
As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.
3.for
当for表示原因关系时,for分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。
Eg:
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.
五目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有:
sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。
Eg:
Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.
Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.
Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.
注意点:
lest,incase,forfearthat所引导的状语从句中,动词可以用虚拟语气,形式为should+动词原形,也可不用虚拟语气,用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。
Eg:
Youhadbetterleavethekeyathomeincaseoneofusshouldthinkof/thinksofcomingback.
六结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有:
sothat,so⋯that,such⋯等thateg:
Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.
Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.
1.常用句型:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句
2.
so和such的搭配规律
such修饰名词或名词词组,
so修饰形容词或副词
so还可接many,few,much,little等。
Eg:
sofoolish
suchafool
soniceaflower
suchaniceflower
somany/fewflowers
suchniceflowers
somuch/littlemoney
suchrapidprogress
somanypeople
suchalotofpeople
七
比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词有:
as⋯as,than,notso
⋯as,themore
⋯the等more
如:
HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does)
Ican
’tjumpso/ashighashe(does)
Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit.
Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.
连接词than可作为关系代词用。
如:
Hewrotemorethanwasnecessary
Don’tcarrymoremoneythanisneeded
八地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有:
where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等eg:
Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.
WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.
注意点:
eg:
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.(地点状语从句)
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime.(定语从句)
九方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连接词有as,justas,asif/though(一般用虚拟语气,也有用直陈语气的)等。
EG:
Justdoasyouaretold.
Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.
Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.
在justas---,so---结构中,as带有比喻含义。
意为“正如”,多用于正式文体。
EG:
Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.
theway也可引导方式状语从句。
EG:
youshouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.
1.
Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_______itisneeded.
A.unless
B.since
C.although
D.when
2.
Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners
’curiosity________therendachesof
thestory.
A.when
B.unless
C.after
D.until
3.
_______Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.
A.Eventhough
B.Unless
C.Aslongas
D.while
4Youwillsucceedintheend____yougiveuphalfway.
A.evenif
B.asthough
C.aslongas
D.unless
5.
“Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?
”“Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim
_______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.
”
A.after
B.unless
C.until
D.when
6.
_____Isuggest,healwaysdisagrees.
A.However
B.Whatever
C.Whichever
D.Whoever
7.Youshouldputonthenotices______allthepeoplemayseethem.
A.where
B.inwhich
C.at
D.forthem
8._____shegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.
A.Wherever
B.However
C.Whichever
D.Whoever
9.Maryclappedherhandoverhermouth_______sherealizedwhatshehadsaid.
A.while
B.assoonas
C.suddenly
D.then
10.________herfaults,she
’sArnold
’smother.Don
’tbesorudetoher.
A.Whatever
B.What
C.Whichever
D.Whenever
11.____you’regotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.
A.Nowthat
B.After
C.Although
D.Assoonas
12.IthoughtshewastheverygirlthatIshouldmarry_______Imether.
A.firsttime
B.forthefirsttime
C.thefirsttime
D.bythefirsttime
13.Don’tplaybytheriver_______youfallinanddrown!
A.incase
B.sothat
C.inorderthat
D.when
14.Whydoyouwantanewjo
b____you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?
A.that
B.where
C.which
D.when
15.Heisbetterthan_______Ilastvisitedhim.
A.when
B.that
C.how
D.which
16._______thepunishmentwasunjust,heaccepteditwithoutcomplaint.
A.Solongas
B.Eventhough
C.Since
D.While
17.________thegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.
A.While
B.As
C.Since
D.Because
18.
_______Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.
A.Aslongas
B.Asfaras
C.Justas
D.Evenif
19.
_______richonemaybethereisalwayssomethingonewants.
A.Whatever
B.Whenever
C.However
D.Wherever
20.
Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen_______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurpriseforthe
party.
A.which
B.when
C.sothat
D.asif
21.
MrZhangismildincharacter.Henevershouts____heisveryangry.
A.if
B.even
C.though
D.evenwhen
22.
“Howlongdoyousupposeitis_______heleftforJapan?
”“Nomorethanhalfamonth.
”
A.when
B.before
C.after
D.since
23.
Insomecountries,_______arecalled
“publicschools
”arenotownedteby.thesta
A.that
B.which
C.as
D.what
【答案与解析】
1.选D。
when意为“在(当)⋯⋯时候”。
其余三项填入空格处,句意不通。
2.选D。
until意为“直到”,句意为“一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好
奇心”。
3.选C。
aslongas意为“只要”,全句意为“只要我知道这钱是安全的,我就不会担心了”。
类似地,
下面一题也选
aslongas:
“Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?
’“I’llprobablygoforawalklateron____itstaysfine.
A.asfaras
B.aslongas
C.evenif
D.asif
4.选D。
unless意为“如果不”、“除非”,用以引导一个条件状语从句。
5.
选C。
考查not⋯until
⋯句式,其意为“直到⋯⋯才⋯⋯”。
6.
选B。
whatever引导的是让步状语从句,相当于
nomatterwhat。
注意不能选A,因为suggest
是及物动词,它应带自己的宾语,而
however不能用作宾语。
7.选A。
where指“在⋯⋯的地方”,用以引导地点状语从句。
8.选A,wherever意为“无论什么地方”。
9.选B。
根据语境可推知。
如下面一题也选assoonas: