课后翻译和写作参考答案.docx

课后翻译和写作参考答案.docx

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课后翻译和写作参考答案

1.F.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

RockmusicbeganinAmericainthelate1950's.Itwasnotonlyanewmusicalform,butadebatingforumfortheAmericanyouthtoexpresstheirideasoftheworldandlife.Inthisforum,thestarssangouttheattitudesoftheyouthtowardscivilrights,wararidpeace,thedisaffectionoftheirsociety,andarangeofemotionsbetweenloveandhate.Allinall,inthisforum,theAmericanyouthredefinedthebeliefsandfeelingsoftheirsociety.ThetypicalrepresentativesoftheearlyrockmusicwereElvisPresley,singerandpoetBobDylan,theBeatles,theRollingStonesandsoon.Theywerethecultureheroeswhomtheyoungpeopleworshipped.

G.Writeashortpassage

Iagreethatrockisthemusicoftheteenagerebellion.

First,rockmusicturnsouttobeagreatattractionmainlytotheteenagersratherthantotheadults.Thesuperrockstar,ElvisPresleywaspraisedandapplaudedbytheyoungergeneration,whilehewascriticizedbyeditorials,bannedbyTVnetworksandrefusedbytheoldergeneration.

Second,therockmusicwasadoredandevenworshipedmainlybytheteenagersratherthanbyadults.AliceCooper’sendingofhisactbypretendingtoendhislifewithaguillotinewasconsideredmarvelousbyayounggirldressedinblack.Fourteen-year-oldMikePerliewenttoattendtherockconcert,whilehisparentsdidn't,whothoughtAliceCooperwassickandfindithardtobearhissinging.

Accordingtoonenationalopinionpollconductedin1972,morethan10%ofhighschoolboysand20%ofthegirlsregardedasuperrockStarastheirhero.

2.F.TheAmericanyoungpeopleinthe1960'sbelongedtoarebelliousgeneration.TheysawthatAmerica,theaffluentsocietywasfullofpoverty,inequalityandhypocrisy.Theydidn'tbelieveinthisadultworldwhichdidnotbelongtothem,andrefusedtofollowitsbeliefsandvalues.Manyyoungpeopletookactivepartinthewarsagainstpoverty,againstracialdiscriminationandagainstVietnamWar.Someyoungpeopleevenattemptedtooverthrowtheestablishmentbyforce.Whilemanyotheryoungpeopleexpressedtheirdisaffectioninapassiveway,andthey.useddrugs,livedaparasiticlifewithouttakinganyresponsibilityinsociety,orescapedtotheunspoiledcountrytolivearatherprimitivecommunallife.

G.

Thefourthchoiceforyoungpeopletomakeistotrytochangetheworldgradually,oneclodatatime.

Iagreewiththeauthorthatthisalternativelacksattractionatfirstglance.Itpromisesnoquickresultsandhastorelyontheannoyinganduncertainpersuasionfromagentsanddemocraticdecisionmaking.Itrequirespatience,whichpeoplearealwaysshortof.Butinaparticulartimeandplaceitdoeswork.Itismorelikelytoovercomesomeofthesocialproblemsthananyotheravailablechoice.

Asweknow,onehastoleadaratherundignifiedlife,ifhemakesthechoicetodropouttoliveaparasiticlife.It'snolongerpracticalifonechoosestofleeandtohaveamoreprimitivewayoflife.Andthoseinfavorofarmedrevolutionaredestinedtofeeldisappointedwhethertheysucceedornot.Sincerevolutioncannoteventuallybringforthabrightfuturetheydreamedof.

WhatIdisagreewiththeauthoristhatinaparticulartimeandplace——onlyanarmedrevolutioncanworkwhichhasbeenevidencedbytheMay-ForthMovementagainstthefeudalsysteminthe1920s.Andit'salsoevidencedbytheAnti-JapaneseWarinthe1940s.

3.F.Mathildahadbeen;illfor,threedays,Hermothergavehersomemedicine,butitdidnogood,soadoctorhadtobesentfor.Becausetherehad.been,anumberofcagesofdiphtheriaintheschooltowhichMathildawentandtwochildrendiedofit,thedoctorwantedtolookherthroatoverfirstafterhearrivedattheOlson's.Shewouldn'topenhermouthnomatterhowhecoaxedher,thenthedoctorhadtogetthetonguedepressorintohermouth,butMathildashouldreducedittosplinters.ToprotectMathildaherselfandotherchildren,thedoctormustfindoutwhethershehadcaughtdiphtheria,sothathe.could,givehertimelytreatment.ThenhetoldMathilda'sfathertoholdbothherwristswhilehehimselfopenedhermouthupwitheffortandfoundthatshedidcatchdiphtheria.Thestoryremindsusofsuchathing:

someofthethingsinlifecan'tbedonebyone'swillingnessandinsomecases,usingcertainforceseemsessential.

G.

Thedoctorthoughtthesymptomofthegirlwaslikethatofdiphtheria,andithappenedthattherewereanumberofcasesofdiphtheriaintheschoolwherethegirlwasin.Sothedoctortriedtocoaxtoopenhermouth.Hetookmanyways,e.g.,tellingherterribleresultofdiphtheria,requiringhertogotohospital,whichshewasveryafraidofetc,butshedidnotcooperatewithhim.Finally,hissocialresponsibility,hisauthorityasadoctorandthestrategytohisrespectforcedhimtoopenhermouthtoseeherthroatbyforce.Ithinkthedoctor'sbehaviorisright,becauseinrealityitisnecessarytouseforcetodosomethingincertaincircumstancesinwhichvoluntaryisn'tenough.

4.F.

Theneedforlawsoneuthanasia,can'tbedodgedformuchlonger.Euthanasiaisatabooinmostcountries.Inthesecountriesdoctorscanonlypractiseitsecretly.Butitisopenlypractisedin.somecountries,suchasHolland.Rightnowmoreandmorecountriesaregoingovermeargumentsaboutlegalizingeuthanasia.

Whenapatientsuffersfromillnessforalongtimeandthereisnohopeofcuringit,whydowelethimprolongthethroes?

Whycan'twepractiseeuthanasiatostopthethroes?

Butifwelegalizeeuthanasia,therewillbeadanger.Someonemayuseitforkilling.AHinall,euthanasiaisthequestionwecan'tdodge.

G.

Euthanasiaisaproblemdiscussedforalongtime.Therearetwoattitudesintheworldatpresent.Howiseuthanasiahandledindifferentcountries?

Holland,whichhasrulesforeuthanasiaandsocanpoliceiteffectively.InHolland,mercy-killingisacceptedbythemedicalestablishmentandopenlypracticedafewthousandtimeseachyear.Theythinkoneofadoctor'sdutiesistopreventsuffering,sometimesthatisallthereisleftforhimtodo,andkillingistheonlywaytodoit.

Inthemostcountries,euthanasiaiscondemnedbythemedicalestablishment,secretlypracticedmanytimesmoreoften,andalmostnevercomestolight,inAmerica,Britainandmanyothercountries.TheybelievethatthetimeofdeathisappointedbyGodandthatnomanshouldputtheclockbackonanother.ButnowmostAmericanStateshave'living-will'legislationthatprotectsdoctorsfromprosecutioniftheydonottrytosavesomeonewhohassaidhedoesnotwantlifeprolonged.

Butnowifeuthanasiaislegalizedhowlongcanthedistinctionbetweenkillingandlettingdeathholdout?

Thelegalframeworkforeuthanasia,permitsadoctortocomplywithdyingman'srequestinaprescribedsetofcircumstance.Butthiswillmakesomeoneuseittokilltheothers.Sowhethereuthanasiashouldbelegalizedisaproblemwhichhasbeendiscussedforalongtime.

5.F.

Americanwomencontributedalottothedevelopmentofthesociety*buttheyhavebeensufferingfromsexualdiscriminationofallkinds-Inpolitics,theyhavedoneallthetediousdetailsthatmakethedifferencebetweenvictoryanddefeatonelectionday,whilemenreapedtherewards.Economically,womenpredominateinthelower-paying,dead-endjobsandtheyareinvariablypaidlessthanamanforthesamejob.ManyAmericansdon’tthinkitisprejudiceagainstwomen,butsaythatitisjustthedivisionoflabor.AndmanyAmericanwomenarecontentwiththeirroleassecond-classcitizen.Soaccordingtotheauthor,itwillbealongandhardstruggleforwomentogaintherealequality.

G.

IntheU.S.,thereisastrongprejudiceagainstwomen.Butitwillbemuchhardertoeliminatetheprejudice.Itwillbealongerstruggle.Thatthereisprejudiceagainstwomenisanideathatstillstrikesnearlyallmenasbizarre.AndpartoftheproblemisthatwomeninAmericaaremuchmorebrainwashedandcontentwiththeirrolesassecond-classcitizensthanblackseverwere.

Nevertheless,womenhavemanyspecialqualitiesthatthecountryneeds.Itiswomenwhocanbringempathy,tolerance,insight,patience,andpersistencetothegovernment.Thewomenofanationmolditsmorals,itsreligion,anditspoliticsbythelivestheylive.Atpresent,thecountryneedswomen'sidealismanddetermination,perhapsmoreinpoliticsthananywhereelse.Whatthecountryneedsismorewomeninpolitics,becausetheyhaveaveryspecialcontributiontomake.

6.F.IwasverypleasedwhenIknewthatauniversityinCaliforniagaveMagpiethescholarship,andhecouldgototheFineArtsSchoolofit.Iknewthathehadbeenmeaningtobeapoetandhehadsuchtalent.Itwasagoodchanceforhim.SoIwentbacktoCrowCreektotellhimthegoodnewsandgethimtofilloutsomepapers.Magpiewasnothomeandhiswifesaidtheyhadn'tbeentogetherforawhileandsheonlyheardhe'sinChamberlain.Then1wenttoSalinaandaskedhertohelpme.SalinasaidthatMagpiehadchangedalotsincehewasarrestedandputinjail,andshethoughtthathewasnolongerinterestedingoingtotheuniversityofthewhites'.But1saidMagpiehadarighttoknowaboutitandheshouldmakeadecisionforhimself.SheagreedandwentwithmetofindElgie,Magpie'sgoodfriend.ButfinallywhenIwasabouttoseeMagpie,hehadalreadybeenshotbythepoliceman.

G.

ThepeopleinthestorythinkofMagpie'sopportunityofgoingtostudyintheuniversitydifferently.Eachhashisorherownideas.

Amelia,Magpie'swife,doesn'tthinkMagpiewillgotoCalifornia-Hewillneverleavehereevenifheistol