《故事形态学》读书笔记.docx

《故事形态学》读书笔记.docx

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《故事形态学》读书笔记

《故事形态学》读书笔记

《故事形态学》读书笔记Themagictaleformulaofthewolf--storymorphologyreadingnotesText/ZhangthreeorfourI.briefintroductionThefamousRussianfolkartexpertVladimirPropp’sstory?

Ya?

morphology（1928）isamilestoneinthefieldofthetypeofnarrativeworks.Hisideasandtheorieshadadirectandfar-reachinginfluenceonthelaterstructuralistscholars,suchasGreyMaas,Todorov,Bremondandothers.Theoriginalintentionofthestorymorphologyistoinvestigatetheformanddeterminetheregularityofitsstructureinthefieldoffolktales.AccordingtothestoryofAfanasyevbythe100Russianmagicalstoryformofcomparativeanalysis,foundfromthestructurefactorsofthemagicofthestory,namelythe31function,andtherelationshipbetweenthefunctionofthecombinationoflaw,theyandtheirrelationshipwiththeoverall.JiaputtranslationofChinesepublishinghousein2006versionofthestoryisthemagicmorphologicalincomestoryderivedmagicalstorystructureresearchandhistoricalresearchinthespringof1965tocommemoratethespeechthreearticles.TheevolutionofmagicalstoriespromptsPropp’snextresearchwork:

fromthestructuralstudyofmagicalstoriestohistoricalstudies.Theresultisabookonthehistoricalrootsofmagictales.ThestudyonthestructureofhistoryandmagicofthestoryisrespondedtoStrauss’scriticismofLevi?

.Thisarticlecanbereaddirectlyonthestrongdissatisfactionofbeingmisunderstood.Two,Propp’smagicalstoryformulaInthepreface,Propppointedoutthatthemorphologyisontheformofthedoctrine,inBotany,morphologyreferstoallaboutplantparts,concerningtherelationshipbetweenthesecomponentsandthetheoryoftherelationshipbetweenthemandtheoverall.Hebelievesthatthetermstorymorphologycanbecreatedbydrawingontheresearchmethodsofbotany.Plantmorphologywillclassifythousandsofplantsintheworld,andstorymorphologywilldothesame:

classifycolorfulstoriesandpresentthemwithwonderfulconsistency.Inthefirstchapterprobleminhistory,Proppsaid:

thecorrectclassificationisoneofthefirstscientificdescription.Thecorrectnessofthenextstudydependsonthecorrectnessoftheclassification.However,theexistingclassificationofstoriesoftenunderminesthesimplestrulesofclassification.Forexample,thestoryisdividedintomagicalcontentstories,dailylifestories,animalstories.Buttherearefantasticstoriesandanimalstories.Anotherexamplewendtedivision,thestoryisdividedintosevencategories:

mythfable,puremagicstory,lifestoriesandfables,pureanimalfables,originstories,funnystoriesandfables,moralfable.Inaddition,therearewaystoplotaccordingtotheplot.Forexample,Volkovputfantasystoryinto15episodes.Proppanalyzedthe15plots,sayingthatitcouldnotberegardedasascientificclassificationintheexactsense.Thestoryclassificationisnotsatisfactorybecauseoftheproblemsofpreviousresearchmethods.Theresearchmethodsarestatedinthesecondchapterloplopmaterialsandmethods.First，Supposethereisaspecialsubclassstory,thatis,themagicstory.Theresearchobjectislockedinamagicalstoryonpropp.Whatexactlyisamagictale?

Itisdefinedattheendofthisbook.Secondly,ProppnarrowsdowntheresearchscopetothestoriesofAfanasyevinthe100Russianfairytales.Theexactwaytodescribethestory,Proppsays,istoseetheconstantandvariablefactors.Inthese100magicalstories,thenamesofthecharactersandtheirobjectsarechanged,andtheiractionsandfunctionsareunchanged.Thestoryoftenassignsthesameactiontodifferentcharacters,whichmakesitpossibleforustostudythestoryaccordingtothefunctionofthecharacters.Here’sthequestion,whatisthefunction?

.Proppdefinedsaidfunctionreferstotherolebehaviordefinitionfromitscourseofactionforsense.Hegivesfourobservations:

first,thefunctionofthecharactersservesasastabilizingfactorforthestory;theydonotdependonwhowilldoitandhowitwillbedone.Theyformthebasicelementsofthestory.Two,themagicalstoriesareknowntobelimitedintermsoffunction.Three,theorderoffunctionitemsisalwaysthesame.Fourallmagicalstoriesaremadeupofthesametype.Inthethirdchapter,accordingtothedescriptionofthestoryitselfproppomagicalorderliststhe31functionsoftheroleofthe31functionsissoimportant,weoftenseeinvariouscitations,soitisnecessarytorefertobelow:

1.afamilymemberleaveshome（out）2.aprohibition（Prohibition）againsttheprotagonist3.breaktheban4.enemiestriedtospyonthenews5.enemiesinformedoftheirvictims6.enemiestrytodeceivetheirvictimstocontrolhisorhisproperty7.thevictimwasdupedandunwittinglyhelpedtheenemy8.enemiesbringharmordamagetoamemberofthefamilyOneofthe8a.familymembersismissingsomething.Hewantssomething（missing）9.adisasterordefectistoldtorequestorissueanordertothehero,sendhimorallowhimtoproceed（mediation）10.theseekeragreesordecidestorevolt（theoriginalrevolt）11.theprotagonistleaveshome（departure）12.theherohasbeentested,subjectedtointerrogation,attacked,andsoon,topavethewayforhimtogainmagicorhelp（thefirstfunctionofthegiver）13.theprotagonistrespondstotheactionsofthegiverinthefuture（theprotagonist’sresponse）14.treasuresfallintothemaster’spossession（theprovisionandacquisitionoftreasure）15.thetransferofahero,whereheissentordirectedtotheplaceofhissearch（movingbetweenthetwocountries,leadingtheway）16.,theheroandheadconfrontation（confrontation）17.markthehero（print）The18.enemyisdefeated（defeated）19.theinitialdisasterordeletioniseliminated（adisasterordeletioniseliminated）20.returnofthehero（return）21.theheroishunted（pursued）Twenty-twoTheherowasrescuedfromthechase23.theprotagonistreturnshomeatanotherwiseunknownpositionorarrivesinanothercountry（unawareofarrival）24.fakeheroputdemands（demands）25.tomastergongchuproblem（problem）26.thepuzzleisanswered27.theheroisrecognized（recognized）28.exposeorexposeafalseheroorfoe29.,theherochangedhisface30.theenemyispunished（punished）31.,theheromarriedandcrownedking（wedding）Inthefifthchapter,Proppanalyzesseveralotherpartsofthestory,namely,auxiliaryelements（connectingelements）usedintherelationsbetweenfunctionalitemsandauxiliaryelementsaccompaniedbythreeelements.Thelinkingcomponentmakesthestorymovefromonefunctiontothenext.Itisasetofinformationtransfersystems.Threerepetitionisarepetitiveorprogressivecomponentofastory.Reasonisthecauseofsuchorsuchbehavior.Fortheprotagonist,thecauseofhisbehaviorisoftenthreatenedormissing.Inthesixthchapter,accordingtotherolewillbedividedintofunctionalpropheadactionring,ring,helpthedonoractionactionring,Princess（tofindcharacters）andfather’sactionring,thedispatchoftheactionheroactionring,ring,fakeheroactioncircle.Intheninthchapter,totheamazingstoriesProppmadeadefinition:

fromtheperspectiveofmorphology,anyoneintortordeletion,afterthemiddleofsomefunctionafterattheendoftheweddingorotherendfunctionitems,canbecalledamagicalstory.Anotherimportantconceptinthischapteristheturn,andProppdoesnotgiveitadefinitedefinition,butitcanbesummedupinthetext:

aroundistwopairsoffunctionitems.Typicalrounds,suchas:

21.theheroishunted（pursued）22.theherowasrescuedfromthechase（rescued）Aswellas:

25.tomastergongchuproblem（problem）26.thepuzzleisansweredProppgavethemaRussianalphabet,eachlistingthe31itemsofthemagicstory.Intheninthchapter,hearrangedthelettersintoahorizontalaxisinaccordancewiththenarrativeofthestory.DefinedintermsofSaussure’sstructuralistlinguistics,thishorizontalaxiscanbeviewedasacombinationofsuccessfulenergyterms.Eachletteronthecrossaxiscanbereplacedbyafinitenumber,andthefunctionalitemusedforreplacementcanformanaggregationrelationship.Inthisway,the100RussianmagicstoriesintheAfanasyevtalesareabstractedintoamagicstoryformula.Three,themisunderstandingofProppTheresearchobjectofPropplockintheAfanasyevtalesin100Russianmagicalstory,butpeopleseemtoignorethispointnaturallyorhalfunconsciously,Levi?

StrausssaidthatPropp’sconclusionisnotsuitableforliterarycreation.Proppverybluntlysaid:

ProfessorStraussLeviquotedmeassaying?

MyconclusionisnotapplicableorhunaudWallisGoethe’sstoryandgenerallydoesnotapplytothewriter’sartstory,hecitedthesewordsagainstme,Ithinkthatinthiscasetheconclusioniswrong.Butthereisnothingwrongwiththeseconclusions;theysimplydonothavethekindofoverarchingsignificancethatmyrespectedcriticswanttogivethem.（thestorymorphologyP182）arethe31functionstudentsmechanically,fortheanalysisofHollywoodmovies,itisveryfarfetched.Somereaderseventhinkthatreadingthisbookcanbeuseddirectlyformulatoguidecreation,itismorefunny.StudyontheProppimportantthanhisconclusions,buthismethod.It’sawidelyusedmethodofanalyzingthousandsofstories,andperhapshundredsofformulas.WecanfeelthatmostHollywoodmoviescomefromthesamepattern,inthisway,tofindtheHollywoodformulahiddenbehindthesemoviestories.So,doesthismeanthatthestorywillloseitsmeaning?

Inthisregard,Proppinthemagictaleofhistoricalroots,said:

thestory