AP Chemistry Syllabus.docx

AP Chemistry Syllabus.docx

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APChemistrySyllabus

APChemistrySyllabus

CourseOverview:

APChemistryisthebasicprofessionalknowledgeingeneralChemistry.Itisequivalenttothatoftheyear-longcollege/pre-universitylevellearningofChemistryconcepts.ChemistrycontainsallnecessaryteachingmaterialaboutStructureofMatter,StatesofMatter,Reactions,DescriptiveChemistry,Laboratory.Thecoursedeliverytargettimeisscheduledas36weeksofclassroomstudy.Eachweekhasminimum7lessonsof40minuteperiod.Atthebeginningofeachchapter,studentsaregivenaReadingGuidethatlistsreadingassignmentstobecompletedpriortoclassandincludesspecificreadinggoalsforeachevening.Attheendofeachunitthestudentsaregivenastudyguidethatincorporatesallthemajorconcepts,applicationsandcalculationsforthatunit.Solutionsarepostedandstudentsareresponsibleforcheckingtheirownworkandcorrectingmistakes.

CourseObjectives:

∙Developstrongproblemsolvingandcriticalthinkingskills.

∙Developandreinforceacollaborative,teamworkproblemsolvingapproaches.

∙Developlaboratoryskillsincluding:

questioning,developinganexperimentalprocedure,observing,datacollection,anddataanalysis,includinggraphicalanalysis.

∙Developanunderstandingofhowweexperiencechemistryinoureverydaylivesandofhowchemistryisappliedintherealworld.

MediumofInstruction:

ENGLISH

Quizzes&Tests:

Acoupleofquizzesaregivenattheendofeachunit.Periodictestcontainsmultiplechoicequestions,openended,structureandskilltestquestionsbasedonAPexamstyle.

APExamReview

Fourweekswillbedevotedtoageneralreviewandexampreparation.

Grading:

PeriodicTest/Quizzes40%

Laboratoryreports25%

MidtermExam20%

Classroomactivities10%

Attendance5%

TextBook:

CrackingtheAPChemistryExam,2014Edition（Revised）（CollegeTestPreparation）

Laboratory

Studentsarerequiredtoworkingroupsoftwotofourstudents,dependingonclasssize.Eachindividualstudentisrequiredtowritealabreportforeachlabperformedandkeptinasectionoftheirnotebook.Labgroupsareencouragedtoworkonthereportstogetherbuttheymustbeturnedinandstoredindividually.Eachlabreportincludesthefollowingsections:

Introduction（astatementoftheproblemorinvestigation,includingnecessarybackgroundinformationandhypotheses）,Materials,Procedures,QuantitativeData,QualitativeData,Results,AnalysisandConclusionsGroupsaregivenonetotwoperiodstocompletealabandiftheyhavenotfinishedbythattimetheyarerequiredtocompletethelabafterschoolbeforethewrite-upisdue.

Homework

Homeworkisgivenfrequentlyandemphasizesconceptsandcalculationstaughtinclasseachday.Allhomeworkisgradedandlatehomeworkisnotaccepted.Eachproblemisselectedtonotonlyreiterateimportantmaterialbutalsotocompelthestudentstousetheirknowledgeinwaysnotdiscussedinclass.Homeworkisworkedoutandgradedbythestudentsinclassonthedayitisdue;problemsandconcernsareaddressedatthistimeaswell.Ifthestudentscometosomethingtheycannotcomplete,Iwillstepinandexplain.

PreparingFortheAPExam

Throughouttheyearproblemsfromreleasedtestsaregivenasextracreditordiscussionquestionstoenrichlearningofaparticulartopic.Theclassisdesignedtofinishinmid-Aprilandthreeweeksaregiventoexampreparation.Studentstakeatleastthreebutnomorethansixreleasedtests,scorethemandthenacoupleofperiodsaregiventoclassdiscussiononquestionsthatweretroublesomebeforethenexttestistaken.Insomecases,contentreviewhandoutsaregivenifnecessarytorefreshstudentknowledgeofparticulartopics.Studentsareencouragedtotakeotherpracticetestsoutsideofclassandpresentinterestingorespeciallydifficultproblemstotheclass.

Coursetopicsandtimeline:

Thecourseisarrangedbychapter,majorinformationandlabs;however,itdoesnotfollowthesequenceofthetextbook.

Chapter1:

Introduction:

MatterandMeasurement（3weeks）

StatesofMatter

Mixturesandmeansofseparation

ElementsandCompounds

PhysicalandChemicalchanges/properties

SIUnits（includeshethreetemperaturescalesandnecessaryconversions）

PrecisionandAccuracywithapplicationtoscientificdata

SignificantFigures&Calculations

DimensionalAnalysis:

includessimplecalculationsandmorecomplicatedcalculationsinvolvingtemperature,length,speed,densityandtime

Labs

（1）EvidenceforaChemicalChange:

studentswillbeperformingandobservingseveralprecipitatereactions.Theymustthenhypothesizewaystorecovervariousproductsfromthesolutionsandprovidewordequationsforthereactions.Studentsmustalsodescribetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofmetalrecyclingdoneintheexperiment.

（2）DensityofSolidsandLiquids:

Measurements&SignificantFigures:

Studentsmustcalibrateavolumetricpipetteandgraduatedcylinderusingtemperatureanddensityofwaterdata.Theymustthenfindthedensityofanunknownliquid,regularlyshapedsolidandanirregularlyshapedsolid.

（3）SeparationoftheComponentsofaMixtureBasedonPhysicalProperties:

Afterseparatingamixturebasedonsolubility,meltingpointsandboilingpoints,studentsmustdeterminethemasspercentofeachcomponentofthemixture.

Chapter2:

Atoms,MoleculesandIons（1week）

HistoryofAtomicTheory

DiscoveryofAtomicStructure

Isotopes

FormulasandNomenclatureofMolecules,IonicCompoundsandAcids

Chapter6:

ElectronicStructureofAtoms（2weeks）

NatureofLightandElectromagneticRadiation

PhotonsandthePhotoelectricEffect

Bohr’sModeloftheHydrogenAtom

Calculationsinvolvingtherelationshipsbetweenelectronenergy,orbit,theRydbergconstant,andenergychangesduetochangeinprincipalquantumnumber

DeBroglie’sequation

TheHeisenbergUncertaintyPrinciple

ThePauliExclusionPrincipleandHund’sRule

OrbitalDiagrams&ElectronConfigurations

QuantumNumbers

Labs

（1）FlameTests:

Thestudentswilltesttheflameproducedbyvariousmetalnitratesandsodiumchloride.Studentswillhavetotakeintoaccounttheprobablecontaminationofsodiuminothermetalsandtheuseofcobaltglass.

Chapter7:

PeriodicProperties（2weeks）

HistoryandDevelopmentofPeriodicTable

Periodicityconcerningthefollowingtopicswithrequiredexplanationofreasonforobserved

trend:

atomicsize,bondingatomicradii,ionizationenergyandelectronaffinity

ComparisonofPropertiesofmetals,nonmetalsandmetalloids

TrendswiththeActiveMetals

TrendswithNonmetals,includinghydrogen,theoxygengroup,thehalogensandthenoblegases

Labs

（1）AnActivitySeries:

Studentswillhavetotestthereactionsofseveralmetalsandthehalidesandarrangethemintoanactivityseriesbasedontheresults.Thislabalsointroducesthemtotheconceptsofoxidation/reduction&standardreductionpotentials.

Chapter8:

BasicConceptsofChemicalBonding（3weeks）

LewisStructuresandtheOctetRulewithrelationshiptoionization

EnergeticsofIonicBondFormation,withcalculationsoflatticeenergy

InvestigationoftheBorn-HaberCycle

FormationandsizeofIons（bothmonatomicandpolyatomic）

IsoelectronicSeries

LewisStructuresofCovalentMolecules（includesexceptionstooctetrule）

Electronegativity,PolarityandDipoleMoments

CalculationofFormalChargeUsingLewisStructures

ResonanceStructures

CalculationofBond&ReactionEnthalpywithrelationshiptobondlength

Lab

（1）Energy&Entropy:

PhaseChanges:

Studentswilldeterminethefreezingandmeltingpointofsodiumthiosulfatepentahydrate.Afterthedatahasbeengathered,studentsmustplottheirresultsandusethegraphtocomparetheirquantitativeresultswiththeentropyofthesubstance.

Chapter9:

MolecularGeometryandBondingTheories（2weeks）

MolecularShapeandVSEPRTheory

EffectsofLonePairsandMultipleBondsonBondAngles

ExpandedValenceShells

SigmaandPiBonds

Hybridization

MultipleBondsandDelocalizedPiBondingwithemphasisonbenzene

BondOrder

ParamagnetismandDiamagnetism

Lab

（1）MolecularModels:

LewisDotFormulas,VSEPRTheoryandValenceBondTheory:

StudentswillusethechemicalformulaofacompoundtodeterminetheLewisdotstructure,electronicgeometry,model,moleculargeometry,symmetryandpolarity.

（2）WaterofCrystallizationandFormulaofaHydrate:

Studentswilldeterminetheamountofwaterinabariumchloridehydrateafterthewaterhasbeendrivenoff.Usingthemassoftheanhydrouscompound,studentsmustcalculatethenumberofmolesofwaterlostinthereaction.Oncethenumberofmolesofwaterhasbeendetermined,theempiricalformulaofthehydratecanbedetermined.

Chapter3:

Stoichiometry:

CalculationswithChemicalFormulasandEquations

（2weeks）

LawofConservationofMass

ChemicalEquations

TypesofChemicalReactions

ReactionPrediction

AverageAtomicMass&PercentageCompositioncalculations

MolarMassandAvogadro’sNumberwithinterconversioncalculations

CalculationofEmpiricalandMolecularFormulasgivenpercentcomposition

ReactionStoichiometry

LimitingReactantswithcalculationstodetermineamountofproductcreatedandexcessreactantremaining

TheoreticalYield

Labs

（1）FindingtheRatioofMolesofReactantsinaChemicalReaction:

ThestudentswillmixasodiumhypochloritesolutionwithaSolutionB（thereare3differentchoices）andmeasurethetemperaturechangesduringthereaction.Theymustrepeattheexperimentatleast3timeswithdifferentrati