大学英语一复习题.docx

大学英语一复习题.docx

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大学英语一复习题

大学英语一复习题

Passageone

ManyvisitorsfindsthefastpaceatwhichAmericanpeoplemoveverytroubling.One'sfirstimpressionislikelytobethateveryoneisinarush.Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoingandareveryimpatientiftheyaredelayedevenforabriefmoment.

Atfirst,thismayseemunfriendlytoyou.Butdriverswillrushyou;storekeeperswillbeinahurryastheyserveyou;peoplewillpushpastyouastheywalkalongthestreet.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversationswithpeopleasyoushopordineawayfromhome.DonotthinkthatbecauseAmericansareinsuchahurrytheyareunfriendly.Often,lifeismuchsloweroutsidethebigcities,asistrueinothercountriesaswell.

AmericanswholiveincitiessuchasNewYork,Chicago,orLosAngeles,oftenthinkthateveryoneisequallyinahurrytogetthingsdone;theyexpectothersto"pushback",justascitypeopledoinTokyo,SingaporeorParis,forexample.Butwhentheydiscoverthatyouareastranger,mostAmericansbecomequitekindlyandwilltakegreatcaretohelpyou.Manyofthemfirstcametothecityasstrangersandtheyrememberhowfrighteninganewcitycanbe.Ifyouneedhelporwanttoaskaquestion,chooseafriendlylookingpersonandsay,"Iamastrangerhere.Canyouhelpme?

"

Mostpeoplewillstop,smileatyou,andhelpyoufindyouwayoransweryourquestions.Butyoumustletthemknowthatyouneedhelp.Otherwisetheyarelikelytopassyouby,notnoticingthatyouarenewtothecityandinneedofhelp.Occasionally,youmayfindsomeonetoobusyorperhapstoorushedtogiveyouaid.Ifthishappens,donotbediscouraged;justasksomeoneelse.MostAmericansenjoyhelpingastranger.

1.ManypeoplewhofirstvisittheUnitedStateswillfindthat_______.

AAmericaisahighlydevelopedcountry

BAmericancitypeopleseemtobealwaysinarush

CthefastpaceinAmericanlifeoftencausesmuchtrouble

DAmericansareimpatientandunfriendlypeople

2.Whentheauthorsays"Youwillmisssmile",hemeans___________.

AyouwillfailtonoticethatAmericansarepleasantandhappy

ByouwillbepuzzledwhyAmericansdonotsmileatyou

CyouwillfeelthatAmericansdonotseemveryfriendly

DyouwillfindthatAmericansdon'thavemuchsenseofhumor

3.Intheauthor'sopinion,___________.

AitistruethatlifeinNewYorkismuchfasterthanthatinanyothercity

Bpeoplelivingoutsidebigcitiesarelazyandmiserable

CmostAmericanpeopleenjoylivinginthesuburbsofbigcities

Dhosewhoarebusyarenotnecessarilyunfriendly

4.TheauthormentionsbigcitiessuchasTokyo,SingaporeandParis___________.

Atoshowthatcitypeopleallovertheworldhavealotincommon

Btolethisreadersbeawarethattheyaresomeoftheworld'sbiggestcities

CtoillustratetheirdifferencefromAmericancities

Dbecausetheyaresomeofthecitiesthatattractvisitorsmost

5.IfyousaytoanAmericanthatyouareastrangerthere,mostprobablybewill_________.

AofferhishelpBstopsmilingatyou

ChelpyoufindthewayDreplythatheispleasedtomeetyou

Passage2

Aroundtheworldtwothirdsofthepeoplearefarmers,Mostofthemengageinsubsistencefarming.Thismeansthattheyraiseplantsandanimalstofurnishtheirfamilieswithfoodandothersupplies.Theyconsumetheirvariedoutputandhavelittletosellortotradeforothergoods.SubsistencefarmswerecommonintheUnitedStatesatonetime,buttherearefewsuchfarmstoday.

TwothirdsofAmericanfarmerspracticecommercialfarming.Commercialfarmsproduceabout97percentofthecountry’sagriculturalgoods.Thesefarmsareoperatedmuchlikeotherindustries.Themembersofthefarmfamilyproducethecommodities（商品）thatwillbesenttothemarket.Theyselltheirproductsandbuythethingstheyneed.

Somecommercialfarmsarebigfactoriesinthefield.Theymaybeownedbyacompanyorbyanindividualasaninvestment.MostAmericanfarms,however,arestilloperatedbyfamilies.Afarmermayownorrenthisland.

InacountryaslargeastheUnitedStates,farmsvarywidelyinclimate,landsurface,soil,watersupply,conveniencetomarket,andothercharacteristics.Differentregionsmayhavedifferentkindsofspecializedfarms.Specializedfarmersconcentrateonthekindoffarmingbestsuitedtothelandandclimate,totheirtechnicalskills,andtothemoneytheyinvestinthefarm.

However,noregionislimitedtoasingletypeoffarm.Indeedfewfarmsarelimitedtoonecroporcommodity.Whereoutputisvariedandnoonekindofcroporcommodityproducesmorethanhalfofafarm’sincome,itisclassifiedasageneralfarm.Thegeneralfarmergrowsvariedcropstousethedifferentkindsofsoilsorsurfacesonhislandandtoemployhistimeandmachinerymostefficiently.

6．Subsistencefarmers______

Agrowcropsfortheirfamilies'ownuse

Bsellalotoftheirproductsformoney

Ctradetheirvariedoutputforothergoods

Dusetheiragriculturalproductsascommodities

7．Subsistencefarms______.

AareverypopularintheUnitedStatesnow

Barestillcommoninmanypartsoftheworld

Cconsistoftwothirdsofthetotalnumberofthefarmsintheworldtoday

Dusedtobethemajorformoffarmingintheworld

8．Americancommercialfarms______.

Afurnishthecountrywithtwothirdsofthefooditspeopleneed

Bareruninmuchthesamewayasotherindustries

Careallownedbydifferentcompanies

Dneverrenttheirlandforfarming

9．Aspecializedfarmischaracterizedby______.

Aitsespeciallylargesize

Bitsindependenceofthemarket

Citsconcentrationonasingletypeoffarming

Ditsspecialwayofoperation

10．Afarmisclassifiedasgeneralif______.

Amorethanhalfofitsincomecomesfromvariedcrops

Bitislimitedtoasingletypeoffarm

Citemploysdifferentkindsofmachines

Dthesoilsorsurfacesofitslandareusedmostefficiently

Passage3

EveryoneknowsthatthefavoritefoodintheUnitedStatesisthehamburger.Itseemsimpossible,butpeopleeat34billionhamburgersayear.Thisisenoughtomakealineofhamburgersaroundtheworldfourtimes.

Thefavoriteplacetobuyahamburgerisafast-foodrestaurant.Intheserestaurants,peopleordertheirfood,waitjustafewminutes,andcarryittotheirtablesthemselves.Theycaneatitintherestaurantortakethefoodoutandeatitathome,atwork,orinapark.Atsomerestaurantspeoplecandriveupbesideawindow.Theyorderthefood,andaworkerhandsittothemthroughthewindow.Thentheyeatintheircars.

Hamburgersarenottheonlykindoffoodthatfast-foodrestaurantserve.Someservefish,chicken,beefsandwiches,orMexicanfood.Theyalsoservefries（Frenchfriedpotatoes）,shakes（adrinkmadefrommilkandicecream）,softdrinks,andcoffee.

Fast-foodrestaurantsareverypopularbecausetheserviceisfastandthefoodisinexpensive.Formanypeople,thisismoreimportantthanqualityofthefood.Theserestaurantsarealsopopularbecausethefoodisalwaysthesame.Peopleknowthatiftheyeatatacompany’srestaurantinthenorthorsouthofthecity,thefoodwillbethesame.IftheyeatinNewYorkorSanFrancisco,itwillstillbethesame.

FastserviceandlowcostareimportantintheUnitedStates.Onereasonisthatabout50percentofallmarriedwomenwithchildrenworkoutsidethehome.Theyaretoobusyandtootiredtocookdinnereverynight.

Isthefoodatfast-foodrestaurantsfoodforyou？

Ingeneral,itisallright,exceptthatithastoomuchfatandsalt.

Onethingissure.Peoplewillcontinuetoeatfastfoods.Infact,nowtherearefast-foodrestaurantsincountriesallovertheworld.

11.Inafast-foodrestaurant,people________.

AstanduptoeatBareservedattable

CeatinahurryDservethemselves

12.Usuallyfastfoodisrichin________.

AsugarandmilkBsaltandfat

CmeatandsaltDbeefandfish

13.Fast-foodrestaurantsarepopularbecause________.

Apeoplearefreetoordertheirfood

Bthequalityofthefoodisgood

Citischeaperandfastertohavemealsthere

Dpeoplecanfindfastfoodrestaurantseverywhere

14.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnotcorrect?

ATheserviceisfastandthefoodischeapinfast-foodrestaurants.

BMorepeoplelikeeatingfastfood.

CPeoplecanfindthesamefoodinalltherestaurants.

DPeoplecantakefastfoodout.

15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

AAmericanseatenoughhamburgerstomakealineaboundtheworldfourtimes.

BFast-foodrestaurantsarepopularintheUnitedStates.

CSomepeoplecaneatfastfoodinparks.

DMotherswhoworkoutsidehomeoftenhavemealsinfast-foodrestaurants.

Passage4

Nooneknowsforsurewhybirdsmigrate（定期迁徙）.OnetheoryofmigrationsaysthatancientbirdsofthenorthernpartoftheearthwereforcedsouthwardduringtheIceAge,whenicecoveredlargepartsofEurope,AsiaandNorthAmerica.Astheicemelted,thebirdscamebacktotheirhomelands,spentthesummer,andthenwentsouthagaininwinter.Gradually,thesecomingsandgoingsbecamehabits,andbirdsnowmigratethoughmuchoftheicehasgone.

Anothertheoryproposesthattheancienthomeofallmodernbirdswasthetropicareas.Theretheylivedsowellthattheregionbecameovercrowded.Manyspecieshadtomovenorthward.Duringthesummer,thesebirdsfoundplentyofroomandfood.Inwinter,however,foodbecamescarceandtheyhadtoreturntothesouth.

Anewertheoryisthatincreasingdaylightstimulatescertainglands（腺）inthebird'sbodyandpreparesitformigration.Onescientistisabletomakebirdsmig