武汉大学硕士真题二外英语.docx

武汉大学硕士真题二外英语.docx

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武汉大学硕士真题二外英语武汉大学硕士真题二外英语武汉大学2011年二外英语考研真题PartI#ReadingComprehension（220=40）Directions:

Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTasceaieBarnerisbeingwooedbyUCLA,butshehasothersuitors.Anadditionalfourschoolsarevyingforherattention,andastheMay1decisiondayapproaches,itseemsasifherphoneneverstopsringing.Themailbringsinvitationstocampusvisitsandparties.Andthentheresthecash,includinga$20,000scholarship.“Ifeelspecial,”shebeams,“likeImamongtheelite.”IsBanneraviolinprodigyoranOlympicskater?

No.Barnerisblack,andshehasa4.0grade-pointaverage.InCaliforniathesedays,thatmakesheravaluablecommodity.Thisspringhasbeenatryingoneforeducators.TheUniversityofCaliforniacampusesaccepted18percentfewerblackstudentsand7percentfewerHispanicsthanlastyear.Thatsnothingcomparedwithwhatshappenedatthemostselectivecampuses.AtBerkeley,66percentfewerblackstudentswereaccepted,alongwith52.6percentfewerHispanics,raisingthespecterofanalmostentirelywhiteandAsiancampus.Thepanicmaybepremature.AfteralleveryblackandHispanicstudentwitharankinthetop12.5percentofthehigh-schoolclasshasbeenadmitted.Butwithracenowexcludedasafactor,theyrealotlesslikelytowalkontothecampusoftheirownchoice.SowhiletopschoolslikeBerkeleyandUCLAaretryinghardtokeeptheirminorityenrollmentclosetoitscurrentlevel,lessselectivecampusesatSantaCruzandRiversideactuallyexpecttoenrollmoreminoritystudents.Proponentsofthenewsysteminsistthatthisisbetterthanhavingstudentsatschoolstheyarentqualifiedtoattend.“Iveseenthedoubtintheireyes,”saysWardConnerby.“Iveseenthestudentstryingtofigureoutwhethertheygotinontheirown.Nowtheycanwalkonthosecampuseswiththeirheadshigh.”Someminoritystudentsagree.“ImproudIdiditonmyown,”saysEsmereldaOlivares,whosheadedforSantaCruz.ButadministratorsworrythatminoritystudentswhomighthavechosenstateschoolswillnowthinktheUCsystemdoesntvaluediversity.AndtheyfearthatstudentswhodontgetintoBerkeleyorUCLAaremorelikelytochooseaprivateschoolthananotherUCcampus.“Itcouldbelikethe1950sand1960swhenseeingablackstudentoncampuswasacauseforcelebration,”saysprofessorSaragoza.1.WhatmadeTasceaieBarnerfeelspecial?

A.Shehadobtainedavaluablecommodity.B.Shehadmanyyoungsuitorsvyingforherattention.C.ShewasgoingtocompeteintheOlympicGames.D.Severaluniversitiesarereadytogiveheradmission.2.Whatislikelytohappenwiththenewsystemofcollegeenrollmentinplace?

A.Racialdiscriminationmayrevive.B.Enrollmentofminoritystudentsinuniversitieswilldrop.C.TopuniversitieswillhavedifficultyenrollingblackandHispanicstudents.D.TheUniversityofCaliforniacampuseswillnolongervaluediversity.3.WecaninferfromthepassagethatbeforethenewsystemofenrollmentwasinstalledinCalifornia,beingblackwas.A.adisadvantageB.anadvantageC.aguaranteeofadmissionD.acausefordiscrimination4.Proponentsofthenewsystemholdthat.A.allstudentsshouldbeadmittedontheirownmeritsB.blackstudentsshouldgetpreferentialtreatmentC.publicschoolsshouldadmitmoreminoritystudentsD.topuniversitieshavenoneedfordiversity5.Judgingfromthepassage,whichgroupofminoritystudentsisleastaffectedunderthenewsystem？

A.AsianstudentsB.Blackstudents.C.Hispanicstudents.D.Indianstudents.PassageTwoOnThursdayAmericanAirlinesandUSAirwaysannouncedanalliancetopooltheirfrequent-flierprograms,givingcustomersaddedincentivestoflyoneanothersskies.ThenonFridayDeltaandUniteddeliveredwordofasort-of-but-not-quitecoupling.Thesedealsthrustinthemuchscrutinizedairlineindustryevenmoreintothepublicspotlight.Airlineprofitsareatnewhighs.Businessfaresareclimbingintothestratosphere,up16percentlastyearalone.Nowcomestheconsolidationsweepingtheindustry.Thequestioniswhetherthesedealswillmeanmorechoiceandmoreconvenience,astheairlinesargue,orlesscompetitionorevenhigherprices.Clearlyconsumerscanbenefitfromthesetie-ups.PassengersflyingAmericanorUSAirways,forinstance,cannowuseeithercarriersnetworkof72worldwideclubsandlounges.Theycancombinetheirfrequent-flierawards,allowingthemnotonlytobuildupredeemablemilesmorequicklybutalsocashthemintomoredestinations.AmericancanplugintoUSAirwaysdeeperwebofconnectionsupanddowntheEasternSeaboard;USAirways,withfewerroutestoSouthAmerica,theCaribbeanandEurope,willbeabletoofferagreaterarrayofinternationalflights.Intime,AmericanandUSAirwayshopetocreatethemoreambitiouspartnershipaso-calledcode-sharingagreementthatwouldallowthetwocarrierstocoordinateflightscheduleswithoutenteringafull-fledgedmerger.Thegoalis“seamlessservice”frequentflights,easyconnections,greaterchoicesofflyingtimesanddestinationswithouthavingtochangeairlines.Priceisawildcardinthesealliances.Consumergroupsworrythattheywillreducecompetition,translatinginturnintohigherfares.Theycouldberight.Giventherapidtrendtowardconsolidation,manyanalystsforeseeadaywhenmostmajor“hub”airportswillbedominatedbyasingleairlineorconsortium.AreportlastyearbytheGeneralAccountingOfficefoundthatticketprices,insuchcases,rangedfrom45to65percenthigherthanatcitieswheretwoormorecarrierscompeted.AndjustlastweektheTransportationDepartmentannounceditwasinvestigatingallegationsofprice-fixingbythemajorairlinesaimedatkeepingsmallerdiscount-carriersfromintrudingontheirturf-andtheJusticeDepartmenthasbegunsimilarprobes.Themessage?

Airlinesmayyearntomerge-butwinningapprovalfromskepticalauthoritiesmightbetougherthantheyexpect.6.Judgingfromthepassage,thefrequent-flierprogramisonebywhichA.peoplewhohavebuiltupacertainnumberofflyingmileswithanairlinewillgetafreeticketB.peoplewhoflyanairlinefrequentlywillgetadiscountC.PeoplewhohavebuiltupacertainnumberofflyingmileswithanairlinewillbetacashawardD.peoplewhoflyanairlinefrequentlywillgetextraservice7.Accordingtothispassage,thefederalgovernmentsattitudetowardsairlinemergersisoneof.A.encouragementB.restrictionC.prohibitionD.Approval8.Theexpression“aWildcard”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.achiefconcernB.animportantfactorC.anunpredictableelementD.anecessaryconsequence9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Airlinemergerswillgiverisetointensecompetition.B.Consumersbenefitfromairlinemergers.C.Tie-upsbetweenairlinesseemtodrawlittlepublicattention.D.Ticketpricestendtobehigherwherethereisonlyonecarrier.10.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe.A.AirlineMergersB.AirTravelC.Frequent-flierAwardsD.MoreChoice,BetterServicePassageThreeAdecadeagoSusieMakinsterlearnedshemighthavealiverproblem.Herdoctorstoldhernottoworry.Soshedidntuntilthreeyearsago,whenshewasastonishedtolearnshehadtestedpositiveforhepatitis（肝炎）C,ablood-bornevirusshehadneverheardof.Makinster,then45,hadbeenlivingwithaninfectionthatwouldlikelystaywithherforlifeandthatcouldeventuallydestroyherliverandcauseherdeath.Yetshehadnoideahoworwhenshehadcontractedthevirus.HepatitisCwasntevendiscovereduntil1989.Todayanestimated3.9millionAmericansareinfected,andmostofthemstilldontknowit.LikeHIVhepatitisCisaslow-actingvirusthatcanbetransmittedbysharedneedlesandbloodtransfusions.Butitisfarmorerampant.Thereisnovaccinetopreventitsspread;andnoreliabletreatment.Some75percentofpeoplewhocontracttheviruswillcarryitforlife;20percentwilldevelopcirrhosisoftheliver.HepatitisCisnowthenationsleadingreasonforlivertransplantation,andthesecondleadingcauseofcirrhosis（afteralcohol）.Itwillkillroughly10,000Americansthisyearandthatnumberisexpectedtotripleoverthenexttwodecades,asmorepastinfectionscometolight.SaysSurgeonGeneralDavidSatcher,“Thisisamajorpublichealthcrisis.”Untiltreatmentislesshit-or-miss,livingwithhepatitisCwillbeamatterofaccommodation.Thoughmostpeoplewhocontractedthevirusbecomechronicallyinfected,manyneverdevelopadvancedliverdisease.Thatspartlyluck,butnotentirely.Givingupalcoholbrightenstheprognosis,andmanysuffererstoutthebenefitsofreducingstressandgettingmorerest.GettingvaccinatedagainsthepatitisAandBisalsoagoodidea,sinceadualinfectioncanaggravatethedisease.Andpreventingfurtherspreadrequiressomeprecautions.Expertsaredividedontheneedtopracticesafesex,sincethevirusisnormallyonlyintheblood.Buttheystresstheimportanceofcoveringopenwoundsandnotsharingrazorsandtoothbrushes.11.Accordingtothepassage,theleadingcauseforlivercirrhosisis.A.toomuchdrinkingB.hepatitisCC.hepatitisAD.hepatitisB12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.NoonewhocontractshepatitisCcanhopetolivelong.B.MorepeoplehavecontractedhepatitisCthanHIV.C.AlcoholisthechiefcauseforhepatitisC.D.HepatitisCissexuallytransmitted.13.ThenumberofpeoplewhowilldieofhepatitisCintwentyyearswillbe.A.20,000B.10,000C.30,000D.40,00014.Theword“accommodation”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.careB.treatmentC.restD.adjustment15.Thispassag