词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练.docx
《词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-1/26/7540b624-e33d-4141-bafe-0b8d638cd84c/7540b624-e33d-4141-bafe-0b8d638cd84c1.gif)
词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练
词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练
撰稿:
王俊宏 审稿:
牛新革 责编:
陈玉莲
高考词汇表重点词汇讲解
inside
prep.在……的里面adv.在/向里面adj.里面的n.内部
Shehasmanysecretsinsideherheart.
Let’sgoinside.
aninsidestory内情
theinsideofthebuilding建筑物的内部
insist
v.坚持;坚决要求
Iinsistonanimmediateanswer.(后接on/uponsth/doingsth)
Heinsistedongoingtherealone.
Expertsinsistthatsteps(should)betakentoprepareforthefuture.(后接从句时,从句中使用should形式的虚拟语气,should可以省略)
Heinsistedthathehadnotdoneanythingwrong.(insist表示“坚持说/认为”时从句中不使用虚拟语气)
Youmaygowithusifyouinsist.(insist可以用作不及物动词)
扩展:
insistencen.坚持
inspect
vt.检查;视察,检阅
Thevisitingpresidentinspectedthetroops.
辨析:
inspect视察(通常指上级对下级)
examine检查(侧重其目的是发现问题)
detect检查(侧重探查难以发现的细微之处)
inspire
vt.鼓舞;激发;赋予灵感
Alltheaudiencewereinspiredbyherstory.
Hisspeechinspiredustotryourbesttomakeachangetotheworld.(inspiresbtodo)
Whatheplayedwasapieceofmusicinspiredbydolphinsounds.
扩展:
inspiringadj.鼓舞人的
inspiredadj.受到鼓舞的
inspirationn.鼓舞人的人或事;灵感
instant
adj.即刻的;速食的n.时刻
aninstantreply快速回复
instantnoodles方便面
Icouldn’tanswerforaninstant.我一时答不上来。
用法:
theinstant…一……就(用作连词,引导时间状语从句,=assoonas)。
e.g.
Theinstanthearrived,themeetingbegan.
instead
adv.替代;反而;却
Hedidn’tgotherebybus.Hewentonfootinstead.
Shedidn’tanswer.Instead,sheturnedandwalkedaway.
用法:
insteadof(接名词、动名词或介词短语)。
E.g.
TomwillgothereinsteadofLucy.
Hewentthereonfootinsteadofbybus.
Insteadofmakingbigmoney,heendedupowingalot.
instruct
vt.指示;教育
Instructthemtowaitatthegate.(instructsbtodo)
Theyhaven’tbeeninstructedwhentostartthework.
Sheinstructstheyoungmennotonlyinwordsbutalsobydeeds.
扩展:
instructionn.指示;命令;教育;操作指南(常用复数)e.g.
followtheteacher’sinstructions按老师的说明去做
instructiveadj.教育性的
intend
vt.打算,想要
Iintendnoharm.我没有恶意。
Sheintendedthenewsreportasteachingmaterial.(intend…as打算把……当作)
Theyintendtostudy/studyingabroadnextyear.(intendtodo/intenddoing)
Iintendyoutogowithme.(intendsbtodo)
Theyintendthebuildingtobeaguesthouse.
Iintendthatyoushouldbeinvited.(后接从句使用should式的虚拟语气)
词组:
beintendedfor给……用的e.g.Thisbookisintendedforbeginners.
扩展:
intentionn.意图
intentionaladj.故意的
interest
n.兴趣;感兴趣的事;利益;利息vt.使感兴趣
Helostinterestinlearningphysics.(后接介词in)
Tomshows/feels/takes/hasno/notmuch/agreatinterestinpolitics.
Weshouldputtheinterestsoftheworkersbeforeeverythingelse.
我们应该把工人的利益放在首位。
Historyinterestshim.
词组:
aplaceofinterest名胜
takeaninterestin对……感兴趣
扩展:
interestedadj.有兴趣的(接in或不定式)e.g.Helookedinterestedinit.
interestingadj.有趣的e.g.Thatsoundsinterestingtous.
interrupt
vt.打断;中断
Don’tinterruptthespeaker.
Trafficwasinterruptbyfloods.
辨析:
interrupt打断,使中止
disturb打扰,使不安(不一定中断)
into
prep.进入;成为
diveintothewater跳到水中
worklateintothenight工作到深夜
translateitintoEnglish
dividetheclassintofivegroups
辨析:
into为动态介词,和动作连用e.g.Heranintothehouse.
in通常用作状态介词e.g.Heisnowinthehouse.
introduce
vt.介绍(和to连用);引入;采用
Pleaseallowmetointroduceyoutosomeofournewruleshere.
Coffeewasintroducedintothiscountryduringthe16thcentury.
扩展:
introductionn.介绍;引入e.g.aletterofintroduction介绍信
invite
vt.邀请(和to搭配)
Heinvitedustohiswedding.
Sheinvitedmetospendamonthinhertown.(invitesbtodo)
扩展:
invitationn.邀请;请柬aletterofinvitation邀请信
attheinvitationof应某人邀请
visitChinaon/uponinvitation应邀访问中国
invitingadj.诱人的
involve
vt.使卷入;包含
Theprobleminvolvesallofthem.
Thejobinvolveslookingafterchildren.
词组:
be/getinvolvedin参与;与……有牵连;专心于e.g.
Igotinvolvedinthequarrelbetweenthem.
Janewasinvolvedinworkingouttheplan.
it
pron.它
Isitaboy?
Whoisitknockingatthedoor?
(指不明性别的人)
Itisgoingtorain.(指天气)
Itisnevertoolatetolearn.(作形式主语)
Ithinkitnecessarytotakethebookswithus.(作形式宾语)
Itwasshewhowaswrong.(构成强调句式)
join
v.加入;参加;连接
Didhejointheclub/thearmy/theorganization?
Wheredothetworiversjoin?
注意:
join后接组织、人群;joinin后接活动
词组:
joinsbinsth/doingsth加入某人一起做某事
join…to把……和……连接起来
辨析:
joinin侧重加入正在进行的活动
attend强调出席正式的活动,可以表示上学、听讲座等
takepartin强调积极参与
journey
n.旅行
Thatwasatiringjourney.
词组:
make/takeajourney旅行
go/start/setoutonajourney出发去旅行
辨析:
journey侧重长途旅行
travel侧重指旅行的行为
trip通常指短途旅行
voyage指海上或空中航行
joy
n.欢乐;乐事
Hedancedfor/withjoy.他高兴得手舞足蹈。
Itwasagreatjoytome.
词组:
bewildwithjoy欣喜若狂
toone’sjoy令某人高兴的是e.g.Toourjoywefoundhimalive.
judge
n.法官;裁判v.判决;判断;认为
Iactedasajudgeinthesportsmeeting.
Whowilljudgethecase?
Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.不要以貌取人。
Thecourtjudgedhim(tobe)guilty.法院判决他有罪。
Ican’tjudgewhetherheisrightorwrong.
Youmayjudgeforyourself.你可以自行判断。
词组:
judgeby/from从……判断
judgingfrom据……判断(在句子中用作插入语)e.g.
Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromShandong.
扩展:
judgmentn.判断(力);判决
just
adv.正好;只是;仅仅;刚才(与进行、将来或完成时态连用);尽管;太adj.公正的
It’sjustwhatIwant.
Hestayedjustfortenminutes.
I’mjusttired
I’mjustcallingyou.我正要给你打电话。
Hehasjustcomeback.
Thedishisjustdelicious.
ajustman正直的人
扩展:
justicen.公正
练习:
1.Themaninsisted______ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.
A.find B.tofind C.onfinding D.infinding
2.LastnightMr.Johnsondidn’tcomebackattheusualtime.______,hemetsomefriends
andstayedoutuntilmidnight.
A.Meanwhile B.However C.Instead D.Yet
3.Alwaysreadthe______onthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine.
A.explanations B.instructions C.descriptions D.introductions
4.Tomsoundsverymuch_____inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.
A.interested B.interesting C.interestingly D.interestedly
5.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,veryoutofbreath,sank______achair.
A.on B.off C.into D.to
6.AlexanderGrahamBell______thetelephone.
A.invented B.discovered C.found D.explored
7.Martin______metotheNewYear’spartyandintroducedmetohisfriends.
A.requested B.required C.invited D.demanded
8.Thefactthatshewasforeignmade____difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.
A.so B.much C.that D.it
9.—I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.
—Well,maybe______isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.
A.this B.that C.there D.it
10.______feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.
A.It B.One C.This D.That
11.Everyonethoughhewas______,butinfacthewascompletelyserious.
A.laughing B.joking C.tricking D.careless
12.Ifyoucan’tcometomorrow,we’ll______havetoholdthemeetingnextweek.
A.yet B.even C.rather D.just
13.Ihaveabadtoothache.Iwillhavemyteeth______tomorrow.
A.examined B.inspected C.looked D.checked
14.OurEnglishteacherinsiststhatwe______anEnglishnoveleverymonth.
A.willread B.canread C.shouldread D.mustread
15.______theboysawhismother,hestoppedcrying.
A.Theinstant B.Fortheinstant C.Whentheinstant D.Theinstance
16.Thiscourse______peoplewhowanttoimprovetheirspokenEnglish.
A.isintendedas B.isintendedfor C.isintendedto D.intendfor
17.Youmaytakewithyouwhatever______you.
A.interested B.interesting C.interests D.tointerest
18.Toachieveabetterresultofeducation,theschoolgetsalltheparents_____all
kindsofactivitiescarriedoutbyit.
A.involve B.involvedin C.beinvolved D.involving
19.Forsomereason,thiscountryhasdecidednotto______theOlympicGames.
A.take B.join C.takepartin D.participate
20.______fromtheirclothes,theymustcomefromTibet.
A.Judged B.Tojudge C.Beingjudged D.Judging
答案与解析:
1.Cinsistondoing坚持做某事
2.Cinstead作副词用,表示“却”。
3.Binstructions表示“使用说明;操作指南”。
4.Ainterested表示人“有兴趣的”。
5.C
6.Ainvent发明;discover发现
7.C
8.Dit作形式宾语,forhertogetajob是真正的宾语。
9.Ditis和后面的that构成强调句式。
句意为“或许重要的不是你读了多少,而是你读了什么”。
10.Ait作形式主语,真正的主语是watchingmyselfonTV.
11.Bjoke用作不及物动词,表示“开玩笑”。
12.D
13.Aexamine侧重找到问题。
14.Cinsist后的从句中使用虚拟语气。
15.Atheinstant可以充当连词使用,引导时间状语从句。
16.Bbeintendedfor表示“是为……而设的/准备的”。
17.C从句中缺少谓语动词,interest作动词用,表示“使感兴趣”。
18.Bgetsbinvolvedin表示“让某人参与”。
19.Ctake后接课程、考试时表示参加;joinin接活动;participatein接活动。
20.Djudgingfrom…用作插入语。
写作训练
高考写作句型之定语从句一
一、根据中文提示翻译下列句子,注意定语从句的使用。
1.有些人沉迷于网上冲浪,这对他们的身心健康有害。
Somepeoplemay____________netsurfing,_______theirphysicalandmentalhealth.
2.如图所示,雨下得很大。
_________________________,it’srainingveryhard.
3.不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。
Children____________________________________willgainweightquickly.
4.在中国,一些城市的发展正逐渐被全世界意识到,而这些城市的数量正在增加。
InChina,____________isincreasing_______________isrecognizedacrosstheworld.
5.许多人谈论的一个最严重的问题集中在缺乏足够的居住空间。
Oneofthemostseriousproblems__________________focusesonthelackofadequate
housingspace.
6.他们来到一个里面似乎没有多少鱼的池塘边。
Theycametoapond_________________________