词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练.docx

1、词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练词汇表重点词汇讲解与写作训练撰稿：王俊宏 审稿：牛新革 责编：陈玉莲高考词汇表重点词汇讲解insideprep. 在的里面 adv. 在/向里面 adj. 里面的 n. 内部She has many secrets inside her heart.Lets go inside.an inside story 内情the inside of the building 建筑物的内部insistv. 坚持；坚决要求I insist on an immediate answer. （后接on/upon sth/doing sth）He insisted on going

2、there alone.Experts insist that steps (should) be taken to prepare for the future. （后接从句时，从句中使用should形式的虚拟语气，should可以省略）He insisted that he had not done anything wrong. （insist表示“坚持说/认为”时从句中不使用虚拟语气）You may go with us if you insist. （insist可以用作不及物动词）扩展：insistence n. 坚持inspectvt. 检查；视察，检阅The visiting

3、president inspected the troops.辨析：inspect 视察（通常指上级对下级）examine 检查（侧重其目的是发现问题）detect 检查（侧重探查难以发现的细微之处）inspirevt. 鼓舞；激发；赋予灵感All the audience were inspired by her story.His speech inspired us to try our best to make a change to the world. （inspire sb to do）What he played was a piece of music inspired by

4、 dolphin sounds.扩展：inspiring adj. 鼓舞人的inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的inspiration n. 鼓舞人的人或事；灵感instantadj. 即刻的；速食的 n. 时刻an instant reply 快速回复instant noodles 方便面I couldnt answer for an instant. 我一时答不上来。用法：the instant 一就（用作连词，引导时间状语从句,=as soon as）。e.g.The instant he arrived, the meeting began.insteadadv. 替代；反而；却He

5、 didnt go there by bus. He went on foot instead.She didnt answer. Instead, she turned and walked away.用法：instead of （接名词、动名词或介词短语）。E.g.Tom will go there instead of Lucy.He went there on foot instead of by bus.Instead of making big money, he ended up owing a lot.instructvt. 指示；教育Instruct them to wait

6、 at the gate. (instruct sb to do)They havent been instructed when to start the work.She instructs the young men not only in words but also by deeds.扩展：instruction n. 指示；命令；教育；操作指南（常用复数）e.g. follow the teachers instructions 按老师的说明去做instructive adj. 教育性的intendvt. 打算，想要I intend no harm. 我没有恶意。She inten

7、ded the news report as teaching material. (intend as 打算把当作)They intend to study / studying abroad next year. (intend to do / intend doing)I intend you to go with me. (intend sb to do)They intend the building to be a guest house.I intend that you should be invited. （后接从句使用should式的虚拟语气）词组：be intended

8、for 给用的 e.g. This book is intended for beginners.扩展：intention n. 意图intentional adj. 故意的interestn. 兴趣；感兴趣的事；利益；利息 vt. 使感兴趣He lost interest in learning physics. （后接介词in）Tom shows/feels/takes/has no/not much/a great interest in politics.We should put the interests of the workers before everything else.

9、 我们应该把工人的利益放在首位。History interests him. 词组：a place of interest 名胜take an interest in 对感兴趣扩展：interested adj. 有兴趣的（接in或不定式）e.g. He looked interested in it.interesting adj. 有趣的 e.g. That sounds interesting to us.interruptvt. 打断；中断Dont interrupt the speaker.Traffic was interrupt by floods.辨析：interrupt 打断

10、，使中止disturb 打扰，使不安（不一定中断）intoprep. 进入；成为dive into the water 跳到水中work late into the night 工作到深夜translate it into Englishdivide the class into five groups 辨析：into 为动态介词，和动作连用 e.g. He ran into the house.in通常用作状态介词 e.g. He is now in the house.introducevt. 介绍（和to连用）；引入；采用Please allow me to introduce you

11、to some of our new rules here.Coffee was introduced into this country during the 16th century.扩展：introduction n. 介绍；引入 e.g. a letter of introduction 介绍信invitevt. 邀请（和to搭配）He invited us to his wedding.She invited me to spend a month in her town. (invite sb to do)扩展：invitation n. 邀请；请柬 a letter of inv

12、itation 邀请信at the invitation of 应某人邀请visit China on/upon invitation 应邀访问中国inviting adj. 诱人的involvevt. 使卷入；包含The problem involves all of them.The job involves looking after children.词组：be/get involved in 参与；与有牵连；专心于 e.g.I got involved in the quarrel between them.Jane was involved in working out the p

13、lan.itpron. 它Is it a boy?Who is it knocking at the door? （指不明性别的人）It is going to rain. （指天气）It is never too late to learn. （作形式主语）I think it necessary to take the books with us. （作形式宾语）It was she who was wrong. （构成强调句式）joinv. 加入；参加；连接Did he join the club/ the army/ the organization?Where do the two

14、rivers join?注意：join 后接组织、人群；join in后接活动词组：join sb in sth/doing sth 加入某人一起做某事join to 把和连接起来辨析：join in侧重加入正在进行的活动attend强调出席正式的活动，可以表示上学、听讲座等take part in 强调积极参与journeyn. 旅行That was a tiring journey.词组：make/take a journey 旅行go/start/set out on a journey 出发去旅行辨析：journey侧重长途旅行travel侧重指旅行的行为trip通常指短途旅行voya

15、ge指海上或空中航行joyn. 欢乐；乐事He danced for/with joy. 他高兴得手舞足蹈。It was a great joy to me.词组：be wild with joy 欣喜若狂to ones joy 令某人高兴的是 e.g. To our joy we found him alive.judgen. 法官；裁判 v. 判决；判断；认为I acted as a judge in the sports meeting.Who will judge the case?Never judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人。The court ju

16、dged him (to be) guilty. 法院判决他有罪。I cant judge whether he is right or wrong.You may judge for yourself. 你可以自行判断。词组：judge by/from 从判断judging from 据判断（在句子中用作插入语）e.g. Judging from his accent, he is from Shandong.扩展：judgment n. 判断（力）；判决 justadv. 正好；只是；仅仅；刚才（与进行、将来或完成时态连用）；尽管；太 adj. 公正的Its just what I wan

17、t.He stayed just for ten minutes.Im just tiredIm just calling you. 我正要给你打电话。He has just come back.The dish is just delicious.a just man 正直的人扩展：justice n. 公正练习：1. The man insisted _ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding2. Last night Mr. Joh

18、nson didnt come back at the usual time. _, he met some friends and stayed out until midnight.A. Meanwhile B. However C. Instead D. Yet3. Always read the _ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions4. Tom sounds very

19、much _ in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it.A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly5. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair.A. on B. off C. into D. to6. Alexander Graham Bell _ the telephone.A. invented B. discovered C. found D. e

20、xplored7. Martin _ me to the New Years party and introduced me to his friends.A. requested B. required C. invited D. demanded8. The fact that she was foreign made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country.A. so B. much C. that D. it 9. Ive read another book this week. Well, maybe _ is not how

21、 much you read but what you read that counts.A. this B. that C. there D. it10. _ felt funny watching myself on TV.A. It B. One C. This D. That11. Everyone though he was _, but in fact he was completely serious.A. laughing B. joking C. tricking D. careless12. If you cant come tomorrow, well _ have to

22、 hold the meeting next week.A. yet B. even C. rather D. just13. I have a bad toothache. I will have my teeth _ tomorrow.A. examined B. inspected C. looked D. checked14. Our English teacher insists that we _ an English novel every month.A. will read B. can read C. should read D. must read15. _ the bo

23、y saw his mother, he stopped crying.A. The instant B. For the instant C. When the instant D. The instance16. This course _ people who want to improve their spoken English.A. is intended as B. is intended for C. is intended to D. intend for17. You may take with you whatever _ you.A. interested B. int

24、eresting C. interests D. to interest18. To achieve a better result of education, the school gets all the parents _ all kinds of activities carried out by it.A. involve B. involved in C. be involved D. involving19. For some reason, this country has decided not to _ the Olympic Games.A. take B. join C

25、. take part in D. participate20. _ from their clothes, they must come from Tibet.A. Judged B. To judge C. Being judged D. Judging答案与解析：1. C insist on doing 坚持做某事2. C instead作副词用，表示“却”。3. B instructions 表示“使用说明；操作指南”。4. A interested 表示人“有兴趣的”。5. C 6. A invent发明；discover发现7. C8. D it作形式宾语，for her to g

26、et a job是真正的宾语。9. D it is和后面的that构成强调句式。句意为“或许重要的不是你读了多少，而是你读了什么”。10. A it作形式主语，真正的主语是watching myself on TV.11. B joke用作不及物动词，表示“开玩笑”。12. D13. A examine侧重找到问题。14. C insist后的从句中使用虚拟语气。15. A the instant可以充当连词使用，引导时间状语从句。16. B be intended for表示“是为而设的/准备的”。17. C 从句中缺少谓语动词，interest作动词用，表示“使感兴趣”。18. B get

27、 sb involved in 表示“让某人参与”。19. C take后接课程、考试时表示参加；join in 接活动；participate in 接活动。20. D judging from 用作插入语。写作训练高考写作句型之定语从句一一、根据中文提示翻译下列句子，注意定语从句的使用。1. 有些人沉迷于网上冲浪，这对他们的身心健康有害。 Some people may _ netsurfing, _ their physical and mental health. 2. 如图所示，雨下得很大。 _, its raining very hard.3. 不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。 Children _ will gain weight quickly. 4. 在中国,一些城市的发展正逐渐被全世界意识到,而这些城市的数量正在增加。 In China, _ is increasing _ is recognized across the world. 5. 许多人谈论的一个最严重的问题集中在缺乏足够的居住空间。 One of the most serious problems _ focuses on the lack of adequate housing space.6. 他们来到一个里面似乎没有多少鱼的池塘边。 They came to a pond _