成人学士学位英语考试指南完形填空答案.docx
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成人学士学位英语考试指南完形填空答案
练习一
Formanypeopletoday,readingisveryimportant.Inapplyingforajob,theabilitytoreadandcomprehendquicklycanmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusarepoorreaders.Mostofusdeveloppoorreadinghabitsatanearlyage,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiencyliesintheactualstuffoflanguageitself-words.Takenindividually,wordshavelittlemeaninguntiltheyarestrungtogetherintophrases,sentencesandparagraphs.Unfortunately,however,theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordatatime,oftenregressingtorereadwordsorpassages.Regression,thetendencytolookbackoverwhatyouhavejustread,isacommonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabitwhichslowsdownthespeedofreadingisvocalization-soundingeachwordeitherorallyormentallyasonereads.
Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinicsuseadevicecalledanaccelerator,whichmovesabar(orcurtain)downthepageatapredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetataslightlyfasterratethanthereaderfindscomfortable.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,makingword-by-wordreading,regressionandvocalization,practicallyimpossible.Atfirstcomprehensionissacrificedforspeed.Butwhenyoulearntoreadideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,butyourcomprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefoundtheirreadingskilldrasticallyimprovedaftersometraining.
练习二
Thepast20yearshavebeenenormouschangesinthelivesandstructureoffamiliesinBritain.
Thebiggestchangehasbeencousedbydivorce.Asmanyas1outof3marriagesnowendinit,leadingtoasituationwheremanychildrenlivewithoneparent.
Therehasalsobeenahugeriseinthenumberofwomenwithchildrenwhowork.Thelargeriseindivorceshasmeantmanywomenneedtoworktosupportthemselvesandtheirchildren.Evenwherethereisnodivorce,manyfamiliesneedbothparentstoworkinordertosurvive.Thishascausedanincreaseinchildcarefacilities,thoughitisveryexpensiveandcanbedifficulttofindinmanyareas.
Inaddition,womenarenolongerhappytostayathomeraisingchildren,andmanyhavecareersearningasmuchorevenmorethanmen,thetraditionalbreadwinner.
Therehasalsobeenasharpincreaseinthenumberofsinglemothers,particularlyamongteenagers.Somepeoplehaveblamedthisincreasefortheriseincrime.Theyfeelthelackofamalerolemodelhasdamagedthesechildreninsociety.
However,thesechangeshavenothadatotallynegativeeffect.Forwomen,itisnowmucheasiertohaveacareerandgoodsalary.Asforchildrenthemselves,somearguethatmodernchildrengrowupmoreindependentandmaturethaninthepast.
练习三
ThanksgivingDayisthemostturlyAmericanofthenationalHolidaysintheUnitedStates.In1620,SomesettlerssailedtoAmericaontheMayflower,seekingaplacewheretheycouldhavefreedomofworship.Afteratwo-mouthvoyagetheylandedatinicyNovember.
Duringtheirfirstwinter,overhalfofthesettlersdiedofstarvationorepidemics.Thosewhosurvivedbegansowinginthefirstspring.
Allsummertheywaitedfortheharvestswithgreatanxiety,knowingthattheirlivesandthefutureexistenceofthecolonydependedonthecomingharvest.Finallythefieldsproducedayieldrichasexpectations.AndthereforeitwasdecidedthatadayofthanksgivingtotheLordbefixed.Yearslater,PresidentoftheUnitedStatesproclaimedthefourthThursdayofNovemberasThanksgivingDayeveryyear.ThecelebrationofThanksgivingDayhasbeenobservedonthatdateuntiltoday.
ThepatternoftheThanksgivingcelebrationhasneverchangedthroughtheyears.Onthedinnertable,peoplewillfindapples,oranges,chestnuts,grapesandotherspeciesoffood.TheroastturkeyandpumpkinpiehavebeenthemosttraditionalandfavoritefoodonThanksgivingDaythroughouttheyears.
ThanksgivingDayisanationalannualholidayonwhichAmericansofallfaithsandbackgroundsjoinintoexpresstheirthanksfortheyear’sbountyandaskforcontinuedblessings.
练习四
TheBritishgovernmentexpectsthetotalnumberofoverseasstudentstobearound900,000by2020.Now,universitiesinBritainareamagnetforoverseasstudents.
ButwhyistheUKsuchapopulardestinationforuniversitystudents?
Well,thequalityofyourcourseisguaranteed.Allcoursesareassessedbyanindependentsystem,soyoucanbeassuredthatyourcourseisofficiallyapprovedandhaswideinternationalrecognition.
TheBritisheducationsystemisveryflexibleinordertoprovidefortheneedsofamodern,complexsociety.Itisalsocost-effective.Degreecoursesareusually3yearslong,whichisshorterandmoreintensivethaninothercountries.Therearelotsofscholarshipsavailable.Britishuniversitiesofferapersonalizedandindependentapproach.Theemphasisisoncreativeandindependentthought,whichhelpsdeveloptheskillsyouwillneedtocompeteintheglobaljobmarket.
ItisverysimpletobecomeaminternationalstudentintheUK.TheBritishCounciloffersafreeandimpartialservicetoanyonewhoisinterestedinstudyingintheUK,andanorganizationcalledUCASassistsyouinfindingacourseandmakinganeffectiveapplication.
练习五
Therearethreekindsofgoals:
short-term,medium-rangeandlong-termgoals.Short-rangegoalsarethosethatusuallydealwithcurrentactivities,whichwecanapplyonadailybasis.Suchgoalscanbeachievedinaweekorless,ortwoweeks,orpossiblymonths.Itshouldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnostrongerthanitsfoundation,ourlong-termgoalscannotamounttoverymuchwithouttheachievementofsolidshort-termgoals.Uponcompletingourshort-termgoals,weshoulddatetheoccasionandthenaddnewshort-rangegoalsthatwillbuildonthosethathavebeencompleted.
Theintermediategoalsbuildonthefoundationoftheshort-rangegoals.Theymightdealwithjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyears,ortheycouldevenextendforseveralyaers.Anytimeyoumoveastepatatime,youshouldneverallowyourselftobecomediscourageoroverwhelmed.Asyoucompleteeachstep,youwillenforcethebeliefinyourabilitytogrowandsucceed.Andasyourlistofcompletiondatesgrow,yourmotivationanddesirewillincrease.
Long-rangegoalsmayberelatedtoourdreamsofthefuture.Theymightcoverfiveyearsormore.Lifeisnotastaticthing.Weshouldneverallowalong-termgoaltolimitusorourcourseofaction.
练习六
Agrowingworldpopulationandthediscoveriesofsciencemayalterthispatternofdistributioninthefuture.Asmenslowlylearntomasterdiseases,controlfloods,preventfamines,andstopwars,fewerpeopledieeveryyear;andinconsequencethepopulationoftheworldissteadilyincreasing.
Whennumbersrisetheextramouthsmustbefed.Newlandsmustbebroughtundercultivation,orlandalreadyfarmedmadetoyieldlargercrops.Insomeareastheaccessiblelandislargelysointensivelycultivatedthatitwillbedifficulttomakeitprovidemorefood.Insomeareasthepopulationissodensethatthelandisparceceledoutinunitstootinytoallowformuchimprovementinfarmingmethods.Werealargerpartofthisfarmingpopulationdrownoffintoindustrialoccupations,thelandmightbefarmedmuchmoreproductivelybymodernmethods.
Thereisnowaraceforscience,technology,andindustrytokeeptheoutputoffoodrisingquickerthanthenumberofpeopletobefed.Newstrainsofcropsarebeingdevelopedwhichwillthriveinunfavorableclimates:
therearenowfarmsbeyondtheArcticCircleinSiberiaandNorthAmerica;damsholdbackthewatersofgreatriverstoensurewaterfotthefieldsinallseasons;industrialchemistryprovidesfertilizerstosuitparticularsoils.Everyyearsomenewmeansisdevisedtoincreaseortoprotectthefoodoftheworld.
练习七
OnlineShoppingisbecomingmoreandmorepopularforanumberofreasons;pricesareoftenloweronline,youdon’thavetoqueueupinbusyshopsandyoucanbuyalmostanyproductimaginablewithjustafewclicksofyourmouse.
ComputertrendsareoftendominatedbymalesbutthisyearwomenareexpectedtodomoreshoppingontheInternet.Itseemswomenarenowmoreattractedtotheconvenienceofonlineshoppingthantheyusedtobe.
AveragespendingonlinethisChristmasbywomenwillriseto£240comparedtotheslightlyloweraverageof£233formen,whiletheaveragespendperpersononthehighstreetisonly£197.
Inthepastalotofpeoplewerereluctanttoshoponline.ManywereworriedaboutthesecurityofenteringtheircarddetailsontheInternetandthereliabilityoftheInternetbutasshoppingonlinehasbecomemorewidespread,theseworrieshavebeguntodisappear.
OnevictimoftheonlineshoppingboomistheUKhighstreet.Manycompaniesareconcernedthatnotenoughshoppersarecomingthroughtheirdoorsintherun-uptoChristmas.Asaresulttherearelotsofspecialoffersintheshops.MostshopstraditionallyhavesalesafterChristmasbutthisyearthepromotionshavecomeearlyinanattempttolureconsumerstospend.
练习八
Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives,butweoftendon’tclearlyunderstandhowwemakefriends.Whilewegetonwellwithanumberofpeople,weareusuallyfriendswithonlyaveryfew.Inallthecasesoffriendlyrelationships,twopeoplelikeoneanotherandenjoybeingtogether,butbeyondthat,thedegreeofintimacybetweenthemandthereasonsfortheirsharedinterestsvaryenormously.Aswegettoknowpeoplewetakeintoaccountthingslikeage,race,economiccondition,socialposition,andintelligence.Althoughthesefactorsarenotofprimeimport