小升初英语总结1.docx

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小升初英语总结1

名词

一、知识要点

知识要点

核心内容

注意要领

 

可数名词

和不可数名词

 

可数

名词

单数

名词单数就是该词本身,用在句子中时,在其前加a/an

 

对可数名词的数量提问用howmany;对不可数名词的数量提问用howmuch

 

复数

1.可数名词复数的规则变化

1)一般情况直接在词尾加s.

2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词在词尾加es.

3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名次,变y为i加es.

4)以元音加y结尾的名词,直接加s

5)以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v再加es.

6)以o结尾的名词,加s(个别加es)

2.可数名词不规则的变化

1)单复数同行

Sheep-sheep,fish-fish,deer-deer,people-people,English-English,Chinese-Chinese

2)改变单词中的元音字母

Man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese

3)词尾加en或ren

Child-children

4)特殊变化mouse-mice

3.复合名词前面的词是man,woman,

1)变复数时,构成复合名词的两个名词都要变成复数形式;如是其他词,变复数,只变后面的名词

manteacher-menteachers

Boystudent-boystudents

2)man,woman构成的合成名词,则只需把man,woamn变成复数

Policeman-policemen

Postman-postwomen

 

不可数名词

不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法:

1.可用much,alotof,alittle,little,lotsof,plentyof,some等表示不可数名词的量

2.可用量词表示不可数名词的量

数词+量词+of+不可数名词

Acupoftea-twocupsoftea

Aglassofwater-twoglassesofwater

名词所有格

 

名词+’s

构成方法:

1.一般在名词后加’s

Jim’scomputer

2.以s结尾的复数名词,只加’

teachers’books

3.词尾不是以s结尾的复数名词,加‘s

children’sbooks

4.几个人共同拥有某物时,在最后一个人名后加’s

LilyandLucy’sroom

5.每个人分别拥有某物时,在每个人名后各加’s

Lily’sandLucy’srooms

6.名词所有格加在人名或职位后面时,可以表示某人的家或店铺。

TheWhite’s

7.有些指时间或距离的短语,也可以用’s构成所有格

10minutes’walk

由of短语构成的所有格

1.无生命的名词一般用of短语构成名词所有格,表示所有关系

Thenameoftheboy

Thedooroftheroom

2.双重所有格

活学活用

1.写出下列单词的复数形式

1)Bag_____Baby______Woman______

2)Knife_____People______Tomato______

3)Mouse_____Box______Child______

4)Sheep______Boy______year______

2.单项选择

()1.I’mthirsty.Iwanttobuysome______.

A.watersB.waterC.bread

()2.I’dlike_____ofapplejuice.

A.glassB.twoglassC.aglass

()3.Howmany_____arethereinyourschool?

A.studentB.studentsC.studentes

()4.Myfatherhas_____forbreakfast.

A.twopieceofbread

B.twooiecesofbread

C.twopieceofbreads

()5.Iusuallybushmy____inthemorning.

A.toothB.toothsC.teeth

()6.Weseemany____and____onthehill

A.horse;sheepB.horsses;sheepsC.horses;sheep

()7.Thepostofficeisabitfarfromhere.It’sabout_____.

A.thirstyminutes’swalk

B.thirstyminute’swalk

C.thirstyminutes’walk

D.thirstyminuteswalk

()8.Thefootballunderthebedis_____.

A.LucyandLily’s

B.Lucy’sandLily’s

C.Lucy’sandLily

D.LucyandLily

()9.--whoseroomisit?

--It’s_____.

A.LiMingB.LiMing’sC.LiMings

()10.Shetoldme____newslastweek.

A.aB.apieceofC.apiece

3.翻译

1)教师的门____________________

2)那位老人的雨伞____________________

3)汤姆和安的手表____________________

4)王英和海伦的桌子____________________

5)他们的椅子____________________

6)这鞋子的颜色____________________

7)我哥哥的电脑____________________

8)飞机场的飞机____________________

9)图书馆的书____________________

10)我妈妈的朋友____________________

 

常考名词分类

1.颜色

red

blue

yellow

orange

green

pink

black

white

brown

gray

purple

询问颜色

Whatcolour...?

what’syourfavouritecolour?

whatcolourisyourfavourite?

同:

color/colour

例:

(1)whatcolourisyourschoolbag?

(2)Mybikeisred(对划线部分提问)

2.动物

cat

dog

monkey

panda

rabbit

duck

pig

bird

mouse

tiger

lion

snake

cow

hen

bear

elephant

dragon

giraffe

zebra

sheep

goat

变复数:

cat-

snake-

sheep-

monkey-

giraffe

例:

1)Therearemany___(duck)inthezoo.

2)Therearetwo___(sheep)andone___(zebra).

3)weseemany___and___onthehill

A.horse;sheepB.horses;sheepsC.horses;sheep

3.球体类

basketball

golf

football

rugby

tennis

baseball

volleyball

hockey

tabletennis

handball

考点:

Playbasketball/football

玩某项球类,用动词play,且球类前不要定冠词the

例:

Ioftengotoplay___tennisonMonday

A.aB.theC./

 

4.学习用品

ruler

pencil

eraser

crayon

bag

pen

pencilbox

book

schoolbag

Mathsbook

Englishbook

Chinesebook

storybook

notebook

dictionary

comicbook

wordbook

postcard

magazine

造句:

1)一本英语书

2)我的书在书包里

3)我喜欢故事书

5.三餐、餐具

breakfast

lunch

dinner/supper

plate

bowl

fork

knife

spoon

chopsticks

考:

1)Havebreakfast/lunch/dinner

2)Eatbreakfast/lunch/dinner

3)Forbreakfast/lunch/dinner

4)Makebreakfast/lunch/dinner

5)Bigbreakfast/lunch/dinner

6)Abowlofsoup

7)Knife(复数)

8)Aplateof...

6.身体部位

face

ear

eye

nose

mouth

arm

hand

head

body

leg

foot

tail

foot

tooth

stomach

考:

1)Handinhand_________

2)Facetoface_________

3)foot(复数)_________

4)tooth(复数)_________

5)头疼________

6)牙疼________

7)胃疼________

8)耳朵疼________

9)感冒________

10)发烧________

11)咳嗽________

句型:

What’swrongwithyou?

What’sthematterwithyou?

What’swrongwithyourwatch?

7.食物

bread

egg

cake

fish

rice

candy

beef

chicken

noodles

soup

vegetables

sandwich

salad

hamburger

icecream

chocolate

sushi

pizza

mooncake

考:

可数名词:

________________________________________

_______________________________________________

不可数名词:

____________________________________

________________________________________

造句练习:

例:

Iusechopstickstoeatnoodles.

8.饮料

juice

lemonade

water

beer

tea

milk

coffee

考:

1)一杯水

2)一杯咖啡/茶

3)一瓶果汁

句型:

Whatwouldyoulike?

/howaboutajuice?

I’dlikeaglassofwater.

9.水果、蔬菜

pear

apple

tomato

orange

banana

watermelon

strawberry

eggplant

Greenbeans

potato

carrot

onion

考点:

1)tomato(复数)_______

2)potato(复数)_______

10.交通工具

bike

ship

subway

train

plane

car

bus

taxi

boat

考点:

乘坐某样交通工具用介词by,用动词take

1)Bybus-takeabus

2)Busstation/busstop

3)Bytrain-takeatrain

4)Trainstation

5)Bycar/ship/boat/taxi...

句型:

--Howdoyougotoschool?

--Igotoschoolbybike.

注:

步行-onfoot

11.职业

student

teacher

doctor

cook

drive

farmer

nurse

Footballplayer

worker

postman

businessman

Postofficer

fisherman

scientist

pilot

coach

Headteacher

reporter

secretary

Baseballplayer

考点:

询问职业句型:

1)What’syour/her/hisjob?

2)Whatdoyoudo?

/whatdoeshedo?

3)whatjobisyours?

12.人物

boy

girl

friend

family

father

mother

man

woman

sister

brother

grandma/grandmother

grandpa/grandfather

mum

dad

parents

cousin

uncle

aunt

baby

babybrother

kid

robot

grandparent

penpal

Mrs.

Ms.

sir

people

children

snowman

考点:

1.对人提问用疑问词who

--Whoishe?

--Heismyfather

13.教学设施及物品

classroom

window

blackboard

light

picture

door

teacher’sdesk

computer

fan

wall

floor

firstfloor

secondfloor

office

playground

artroom

musicroom

dininghall

gym

class

hall

14.房间及物品

bedroom

Livingroom

study

kitchen

bathroom

bed

phone

table

sofa

fridge

umbrella

bottle

Waterbottle

key

TV

clock

lamp

考点:

1.“某处有某物”--therebe句型

Thereisabedroomnexttothetable.

Therearesomebottlesonthetable

2.介词

1)On

2)In

3)Nextto

4)Between...And...

5)Under

6)Above

7)Over

8)Below

9)Near

15.服饰

pants

hat

dress

skirt

coat

sweater

socks

jacket

cap

shirt

glove

scarf

glasses

sunglasses

考点:

1.“Apairof...”一双...;一对....

Apairofshoes/pants

2.Scarf(复数)_______

3.Dress(复数)_______

16.星期

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

weekend

week

考点:

1.“星期前用介词on”

OnMonday:

在周一

2.Whatdayisittoday?

3.OnMonday/onMondays

17.日期

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

month

year

考点:

1.“在月份前用介词in”

InJanuary

2.在具体的某一天用介词on

OnJanuary1st

3.Whichmonthisit?

18.时间

season

spring

summer

Fall/autumn

winter

hour

day

today

evening

morning

afternoon

night

考点:

1.“季节前用介词in”

Inspring

2.Inthemorning/afternoon/evening

3.OnSundaymorning

19.节日

Thanksgiving

Christmas

NationalDay

LabourDay

Mid-Autumn

SportsDay

Easter

20.地点

school

zoo

museum

Postoffice

bookstore

cinema

park

hospital

crossing

restaurant

supermarket

factory

garden

hotel

university

club

cave

island

street

countryside

考点:

1.Gotoschool/atschool

21.景物

forest

river

lake

mountain

hill

bridge

building

beach

house

star

nature

snow

moon

sea

22.植物

plant

tree

flower

grass

bamboo

jasmine

leaf

考点:

1.Leaf(复数)_____

2.Bamboo(复数)_____

3.Onthetree/inthetree

23.患病

fever

hurt

cold

toothache

headache

stomachache

Sorethroat

caught

考点:

“...怎么了?

1.What’sthematterwith+名词+代词(宾格)

2.What’swrongwith+名词+代词(宾格)

24.方位

left

right

考点:

1.Ontheleft/right

2.Turnright/left

24.其他

job

clothes

country

fruit

food

medicine

animal

map

toy

box

kite

way

weather

degree

world

size

dollar

sale

sport

schedule

song

party

email

play

letter

vacation

holiday

thing

game

fool

diary

noise

fur

turn

exhibition

feature

helmet

traffic

film

trip

space

travel

half

price

poem

puzzle

hobby

idea

mud

meter

kilogram

gift

basket

part

cooking

exercise

picnic

meet

contest

attention

breath

Internet

shadow

dream

lesson

 

形容词和副词

一、知识要点

知识要点

核心内容

注意要领

 

形容词

 

形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化

构成

原级

比较级

最高级

 

形容词用来修饰名词,一般放在所修饰名词之前,也可以放在be动词之后

单音节词末尾加er或est

tall

taller

tallest

单音节词如果以e结尾,只加er或est.

late

later

latest

重读闭音节如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,需双写这个字母,再加er或est

big

bigger

biggest

双音节或多音节词形容词变比较级时,在词前加more或most

careful

morecareful

mostcareful

形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化

Good-better-best

Bad/ill-worse-worst

Many/much-more-most

Far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

 

形容词比较级的基本结构及用法

1.用法:

在两者进行比较时,用形容词比较级

2.构成:

A+be+形容机比较级+than+B

A比B更...

3.形容词的原级:

1)用于两个人或事物的比较在某种程度上是相等的。

2)构成:

肯定结构:

as+原级+as,”...和...一样”

否定结构:

not+as/so+原级+as,“...不如...”

形容词最高级

1.最高级用于三者或三者以上进行比较。

构成“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”“...最....”

1.形容人或物

thin

fat

tall

short

low

high

long

small

big

heavy

strong

deep

beautiful

cute

smart

old

young

new

little

funny

kind

strict

friendly

busy

polite

Hard-working

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