高中主谓一致习题.docx
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高中主谓一致习题
主谓一致
基本用法及常见考点
在英语中，句中谓语动词必须在人称和数上与主语保持一致，主要遵循以下三个原则：
㈠语法一致原则 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
JaneandMarylookhealthyandstrong.
Helikesreadingstories.
Someofthefurniturehasbeenmovedtoanotherroom.
㈡意义一致原则
Herfamilyareallearlyrisers.
Theoldaretakengoodcareofinourmotherland.
㈢就近一致原则
Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherdoesn’tknowaboutit.
Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.
下面就从名词做主语、代词做主语、数词量词做主语等四个方面进行详细分析。
I.名词作主语:
1．集体名词做主语
1）有些集体名词（如：
family,class,crowd,crew,enemy,team,public,government,club,army,group等）作主语，如果视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数;若就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数。
Myfamilyisabigone..（整体） ThewholefamilyarewatchingTV.（具体成员）
Thevillageisnotfarfromhere.（整体）.Thewholevillageareoutgreetinghim.（具体成员）
2）有些集体名词（如：
people,police,cattle，folk,mankind）只当复数看待,谓语动词用复数。
Thepolicearesearchingforhim. Cattleareonecauseoftheproblem.
3）有些无生命的集体名词（如：
jewellery,poetry,equipment,clothing等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Muchofherjewellrywasmissing. Theequipmentofthelabiscarriedbytwotrucks.
注意：
population用法Thepopulationinourcountryisverylargeandeightypercent ofthepopulationarefarmers.
2.表示时间、金额、度量、距离等复数名词作主语时，作整体看待，谓语动词用单数。
Threeyearshaspassed. Tenthousanddollarsisnotenough.
3.国名、书报名、剧名、山水名、城市名、学科等专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
山脉（theHimalayas）、群岛（thePhilippines）、瀑布（theNigaraFalls）等名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
TheUnitedNationswasfoundedin1945. Mathsseemstobedifficultforme.
TheSelectedPoemsofLiBaiwaspublishedlongago. WalesliestothewestofEngland.
ThePhilippineslietothesoutheastofChina.（群岛）
4.一些由两个部份构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语常用复数形式，如：
clothes,trousers,shoes,shorts,glasses,goods,chopstics（筷子）等，但由apairof, akindof, aseriesof等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。
Hertrousersarebeautifulindeed. Apairofshoeswasonthedesk.
5.单复数同形的名词（如：
means,works,Chinese,Japanese，sheep,deer,fish等），作单数时，谓语用单数;反之谓语用复数。
TheglassworkswasrebuiltinJuly,1979.
The（These）glassworksareneartherailwaystation.
它们前面有a,sucha,this,that，every等修饰时，谓语用单数；有all,such,these,those修饰时，谓语用复数。
Means,nomeans,themeans前无修饰词时，谓语单复数均可。
Everymeanshasbeentried.（每一种办法） Allmeanshavebeentried.（所有办法）
Thereis（are）nomeansofgettingthere.
6.不定代词each,every,no修饰的名词，即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语，谓语的动词仍然用单数形式。
Eachboyandeachgirlwantstoservethepeopleinthefuture.
7.主语由morethanone…或manya…构成，意义复数，谓语动词却用单数。
Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm“Titanic”.
Manyashiphasbeendamagedinthestorm.
但“more+名词复数+thanone”作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
Moreyoungteacthersthanoneareagainstthisplan。
8.thenumberof, a/the/thispair（kind,type）of,either/neitherof+名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数
Iseitherofyourparentsanengineer?
Thereisapairofshoesleftontheshelf.
Thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind（这种书），其谓语用单数；thiskindofmen=menofthiskind,但前者谓语用单数，后者谓语用复数。
Thiskindofmenisdangerous. Menofthiskindaredangerous.
9.主语+aswellas（asmuchas,nolessthan,with,alongwith,togetherwith,ratherthan,like,but,except,besides,including）时，其谓语单复数与主语保持一致。
Theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom.
Nothingbutstampsandenvelopesisforsale.
10.由and,both…and连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数。
Plasticsandrubberneverrot.
Bothmyfatherandmysisterarewriters.
但并列主语表示同一人、同一事物、同一概念，谓语动词用单数。
Thepoetandwriterisgone.
Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabbit.
Aknifeandforkisonthetable.
Breadandbutterisservedforthebreakfast.
Noclothesandnofoodisdifficulttolive.
11.名词所有格之后名词被省略的情况下，动词一般用单数。
Mysister”sisnotfarfromhere.
12．由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,not…but等连接的并列主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则。
Nothisbrothersbuthewantstopayyouavisit.
Neitherwenorsheknowsthestranger.
Tomorhisbrothersarewaitingintheroom.
therebe/herebe结构类似
Thereisanoldwritingdesk,awoodenbedandtwochairsinhisbedroom.
Herearesomeenvelopesandpaperforyou.
13.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.
Thereliesabeautifulsmalltownatthefootofthehill.
II.代词作主语
1.名词型物主代词后的动词，根据所替代的内容决定谓语单复数形式。
Ours（OurParty）isagreatparty.
Yourshoesareblackandminearebrown.
2.Such+be+主语
Suchisourplan. Sucharehiswords.
3.定语从句中关系代词后的谓语形式要同被修饰的代词保持一致。
。
Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.
BobisoneofmyfriendswhoarehelpingmewithEnglish.
Heistheonlyoneoftheofficerswhowasinvitedtotheballhere.
I,whoamwrong,shouldapologizetohim.
4.疑问代词who,what,which作主语时，视情况而定。
Wholivesnextdoor?
ItisXiaoLin.
Wholivenextdoor?
ZhangandLiu.
Whichis（are）yourbook（s）?
5.every-,some-,any-,no-, 等构成的不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Everybodyobeystherules.
I’lltellyopusomethingthatsoundsinteresting.
any,either,neither,none,all,some,more等作主语时，谓语动词有两种情况：
★单独作主语 Allhasbeenchanged. Allarepresent
either,neither单独作主语，谓语用单数。
★后接of短语，of后宾语为不可数名词，动词当然用单数形式，of后宾语为复数名词或代词，动词单复数均可。
Do（es）anyofyouknowhisaddress?
Noneofthemhas（have）seenthefilm.
Allofthewaterisgone.
each单独作主语，动词用单数。
Eachofthestudentshasadictionary.
cf.Theboyandthegirleachhavetheirowntoys.
III.数词、量词等作主语
1.half,themajority,therest,some,most,（a）part,alot,lots,plenty，alargequantity,masses以及分数、百分数+of+ 名词/代词作主语,视情况而定。
Halfoftheworkisleftunfinished.
Halfoftheapplesaregiventothechildren.
Morethan70percentofthesurfaceofourearthiscoveredbywater.
但qunatitiesof…作主语，谓语动词一般用复数。
Quantitiesoffood（nuts）wereonthetable..
2.a （great）numberof,many,afew+可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数；
alittle,much,agreatdealof,+不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。
Anumberofstudentshavegonetothecountryside.
Agreatdealofwasteispouredstraightintotheriver.
3.oneandahalf+复数名词，谓语动词用单数。
Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.
IV.其它作主语
1．the+形容词/过去分词表示一类人，喂语用复数，如：
theblind,thepoor,therich,thebreave,thedead,thewounded,theemployed,theChinese…
TheblindinChinastudyinspecialschool;s.
表示抽象概念用单数。
Thebeautifulisnotalwaysthebeautiful.
3.从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Whetherweshallgotherehasn’tbeendecided.
Whatweneedismoretime. 但 Whatweneedaredoctors.
Whathesaidandwhathedidhavegreatlyencouragedhisbrother.
4.不定式、动名词作主语
Noddingtheheadmeansagreement,whileshakingitmeansdisagreement.
Tocatchwhathehadsaidwasdifficult,buttosayitandtodoitaredifferentthings.
主谓一致练习题
1.Theold____welllookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.
A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.was
2.Thesecretaryandmanager____verybusynow.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
3.Boththesecretaryandthemanager_____agreedtoattendthemeeting.
A.hasB.haveC.areD.was
4.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_____invitedtotheparty.
A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen
5.EitheryouorI_____goingtotheteachers‘officeafterclass.
A.amB.isC.areD.will
6.Mostofhissparetime____spentinreading.
A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeen
7.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthat____appearedthisyear.
A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.have
8.Tenthousanddollars_____quitealargesum.
A.areB.isC.wereD.have
9.About20percentofthework____doneyesterday.
A.areB.isC.wereD.was
10.MrSmith，togetherwithhischildren，____arrived.
A.areB.hasC.isD.have
11.It____Iwho_____leavingforLondon.
A.is…isB.am…isC.is…amD.am…am
12.NotonlyTombutalsohiswife____fondofwatchingtelevision.
A.areB.wereC.beD.is
13.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory____yet.
A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecided
C.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided
14.Althoughthefirstpartofthebookiseasy，therest______.
A.aredifficult
B.hasproveddifficult
C.issupposeddifficult
D.havebeenfounddifficult
15.Thattheywerewronginthesematters_____nowcleartousall.
A.isB.wasC.areD.were
16.Halfofhisgoods____stolentheotherday.
A.areB.wereC.isD.was
17.Mathematics____thelanguageofscience.
A.areB.aregoingtobeC.isD.istobe
18.Eachofthestudents_____aChinese-Englishdictionary.
A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare
19.Theyeach____abeautifulhandkerchief.
A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare
20.Betweenthetworowsoftrees_____theteachingbuilding.
A.standB.standsC.standingD.are
21.Thispairofshoes____madeinNanjing.
A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen
22.Nooneexceptmyparents_____anythingaboutit.
A.knowB.knows
C.isknowingD.haveknown
23.Anumberofstudents_____fromthesouth.
A.areB.isC.haveD.has
24.Thenumberofstudentsfromthenorth____small.
A.areB.isC.haveD.has
25.Writingstoriesandarticles_____whatIenjoymost，
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
26.His“SelectedPoems”_____firstpublishedin1965.
A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.are
27.MissSmithisafriendof______.
A.Mary‘smother’sB.Mary‘smother
C.Mother’sofMaryD.Marymother‘s
28.Agooddealofmoney____spentonbooks.
A.haveB.has
C.havebeenD.hasbeen
29.Onthewall_____twolargeportraits.
A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging
30._____turngreeninspring.
A.LeafB.LeafsC.LeaveD.Leaves
31.Fatherwenttohisdoctorfor____abouthishearttrouble.
A.anadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvices
32.Allbutone____herejustnow.
A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were
33.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_____fifty，butanumberofthem_____absentfordifferentreasons.
A.were；wasB.was；was
C.was；wereD.were；were
34.Theairinbigcities
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