aps电气复习final英文资料.docx

aps电气复习final英文资料.docx

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aps电气复习final英文资料

1.高等数学（AdvancedMathematics）

It’snotonlytellushowtoadd,subtract,multiply,anddividewholenumbers,fractions,decimals,andpercentages,actually,Mathematicsisastudyofpatternsandrelationships;ascienceandawayofthinking;anart,characterizedbyorderandinternalconsistency;alanguage,usingcarefullydefinedtermsandsymbols

2.大学生思想修养（MoralCultivationofcollegestudents）

Thiscoursemainlytalkedaboutmoraleducationandvalueeducationtothecollegestudent,alotofrealitystoriesaretoldintheclasstomakeusconsciousofrightthingsandthewrong,inaword,It’saimistoteachustobegoodpeople.

3.体育（P.E）（1,2,3）

Inourschool,youcanchose1kindofsporttolearneachyear,IlearnedtennisballinmyfroshyearandIlikeditverymuch,bythemay,nadirismyfavouritesportsstars.Then,kickboxingismychoiceinthesecondyear,youknow,IwanttobemorestrongsoIcanprotectmyselfandthepeopleIcareaboutwhensomethingbadhappened,hehe.

4.计算机文化基础（SoftwareTechniqueFoundationDesign）

Ilearnedsomebasicideasaboutcomputerinthiscourse,normally,personalcomputeriscomposedofHardwareandSoftware.Hardware:

case,powersupply,,motherboard,processor,heatsink,harddrive,memorycard,opticaldrive,videocard,soundcard,netwotkcard,however,nowadays,mostmotherboardshaveon-boardsound,videoandnetworkcard,soyoudon’tneedtobuythemwhendiyacomputerunlessyoupursuehighperformance.Software:

Systemsoftware---MacOs,DOS,Windows.Applicationsoftware:

----MicrosoftOffice,mainlylearnedwordprocessing,spreadsheet,--excelpowerpoint

5.普通物理学（GeneralPhysics）

Introducebasicconceptions,laws,theoriesaboutnaturalthings

6.程序设计（programming）

Cwasdesignedforimplementingsystemsoftware,itisalsowidelyusedfordevelopingapplicationsoftware.

Datastructures:

Pointers,Arrays

Memorymanagement

e.g.

#includemath.h

#includestdio.h

main（）

{

doublex,s;

printf（"inputnumber:

\n"）;

scanf（"%lf",&x）;

s=sin（x）;

printf（"sineof%lfis%lf\n",x,s）;

}

7.法律基础（LawBasis）

Mainlyaboutthelawinchina,includinginternationallaw,constitutionalandadministrativelaw,criminallaw,tortlaw,propertylaw,labourlaw,familylaw,commerciallaw,……manymany,inaword,inthiscoursewelearnedtobea

8.普通物理实验（GeneralPhysicsExperiment）

Basicoperationskillsofampmeter,voltagemeter,power,frequency,resistancetabletoproperlytesttherequiredvariables.

9.电路理论基础（ElectricCircuitTheories）

Explainbasictheories,lawsconceptionandbasicanalyzingmethodofelectricalcircuit.Suchas

thecurrentandvoltagelawofkirchhoff,ohm’slaw,FaradyandBranchCurrentMethod

Anelectricalcircuitiscomposedofelementssuchasresistors,inductors,andcapacitorsconnectedtogetherinsomemanner.

Ohm’slaw:

statesthatthevoltageacrosstheresistorisequaltothecurrentthroughtheresistormultipliedbythevalueoftheresistance.U=IR

Farady;s:

thevoltageacrosstheinductorisproportionaltotherateofchangewithtimeofthecurrentthroughtheinductor.U=Ldi/dtdi/dt:

therateofchangeofcurrent

Capacitor;ThevoltagedevelopedacrossacapacitorisproportionaltotheelectricchargeqaccumulatingontheplatesofthecapacitorU=1/C

Kirchhoff:

---KVL:

Thealgebraicsumofthevoltagesaroundaclosedloopiszero.

KCL:

Thealgebraicsumofthecurrentsenteringandexitinganodeequalszero.

BranchCurrentMethod:

First,assumethedirectionofcurrentsinanetwork,thenwriteequationsdescribingtheirrelationshipstoeachotherthroughkichhoff;sandohm;slaw

threephaseciucuit

10.电工实习（ElectronicProcessesInternship）

Basicideasandimportantnotesaboutelectronicproductionprocess,thenuseelectricirontomakeasmallelectronicepuipment,andImadeasmallchargerwhichIuseduntilnow,hehe,wondertful.

First:

followthecircuitdiagramtoplacetheelectroniccomponentsuchascapacitor,resistor,sourceline

Second:

welding,weldingworkwasessential,solderjointrequestmustbestrong,sleek,weldingtechnologywillhaveadirectimpactonthesuccessofelectronicsmanufacturing.justbecareful!

Last:

makingup,insertthepcbintothecaseandconnectotherouterframecomponent,andthenit’sdone!

!

11.数字技术基础（ElectronicTechnologyFundamentals）

BasicknowledgeofDigitalandAnalogsignal,severallogicgates,booleanequation,truthtableandimportantflip-flop,operationalamplifer

1）Digital&Analog:

therateofchangeoftimeandnumberofavariableisdiscrete,thecircuitworkonthissignalcalleddigitalcircuit.Ontheotherhand,ifthevariablesarecontinuousfunctionsoftime,itcalledanalogsignal,andthecircuitworkonthiscalledanalogcircuit.

2）Logicgate:

AND,ORNOT

TheANDgateisalogicgatethatgivesanoutputof'1'onlywhenallofitsinputsare'1'. 

TheORgateisalogicgatethatgivesanoutputof'0'onlywhenallofitsinputsare'0'.

TheNOTgateisalogicgatethatgivesanoutputthatisoppositethestateofitsinput. alsocalledinverter

A

B

OutputQ

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

1

1

TruthtableofANDGATE

3）Booleanequation:

mathematicallyanalyzetherelationoflogicgate

4）Flip-flop:

S,Rareapairofinputterminals,standingforsetand

reset,repectively,Thefundamental,mostimportant

characteristicofaflip-flopisthatithasa“memory”,

Example:

whens=1,r=0,q=1,（q非）q’=0，whenthesignal

appliedonsdisappear（meanssturnto0）,becauseqstill

equals1,throughtheorgate,theoutputunchanged,1.

5）Op-Amp****笔记***:

anintegratedcircuitthathasmanycomponentspartssuchasresistorsandtransistorsbuiltintothedevice.

Uo=A（U+-U-）

AisthegainofOp-Amp

6）ADAnalogueanddigitalconversions

Analogue-to-digitalconversioninvolvesasampleandholdunitfollowedbyananalogue-todigitalconverter.AN-bitADCoutputsabinarywordwhosewidthisNbits.TheresolutionofaN-bitADCis1/2Nofthefull-scaleinput.ConversiontimespecifythetimeittakesaADCtogenerateadigitalword.

1.SuccessiveapproximationADC

ThistypeofADCismostcommonlyusedform.Thismethodisbasedoncomparingtheinputanaloguevoltagewithanothervoltageuntiltwoareequalorascloseasitispossibletosetthem.

12.电子技术基础实验（ElectronicTechnologyfundamentalExperiment）

Introducesomebasictestingtechnology,tovoltage,frequency,current,time,resistanceandsoon,alsodebuggingtechnologyofbothdigitalandanalogciucuit

13.电磁场（ElectromagneticField）

IntroducesomebasicknowledgeofElectromagneticfield,PointisMaxwellequationsanditslinearrelation.

IntegralLinearrelation:

B=H,D=EJ=E

,,aremagneticpermeability,

Dielectricpermittivity,andconductivity

Respectively.

Differential

14.自动控制理论（AutomationControlTheory）

***笔记****

Introducebasicknowledgeoftwokindsofcontrolsystems:

Open-loopcontrolsystemsandClosed-loopcontrolsystemandtheirmathematicallyanalysistool---transferfunction

Open-loop:

thecontrolactionisindependentoftheoutput

图：

Closed-loop:

theinputoftheplantissomehowdependentontheactualoutput,theoutputisfeedbackinafunctionalformdeterminedbythenatureofthefeedbackelementsthensubstractedfromtheinput,soit’softenreferredtoasanegativefeedback.

图：

Transferfunction:

Theinput–outputrelationshipinthelaplacedomainiscalledthetransferfunction.Thisfunctioncanbeobtainedbymainlytwoways:

laplacetransformandexperiment.welearnedtheformerone,totakelaplacetransformrequiresthesystemtobelinearandstationary,withcontinuousvariablesandzeroinitialconditions.

alsocanbewrittenin

D（s）iscalledthecharacteristicfunction,itcontainsallthephysicalcharacteristicsofthesystemanddeterminethestabilityofthesystem.（useRouthstabilitycriterion）

N（s）afunctionofhowtheinputentersthesystem.

Foraopenloop,thetransferfunctionisW（S）=C（s）/R（s）=G（s）H（s）

Foraclosedloop:

W（s）=C（s）/R（s）=G（s）H（s）/1+G（s）H（s）

Routh:

example:

15.信号与系统（SignalsandSystems）

Thissubjectpresentsthetheoreticalbasisforsystemanalysisandgivesstudentsskillsinusingthetechniquestodesigncomponentsofrealcontrol/communicationsystems.Thederivationofmodelsfromreal-worlddevicesthroughmeasurementandthecomparisonofmodelpredictionswithexperimentalresultsisemphasisedinthelaboratorycomponentofthecourse.Agroupprojectthatrequiresthedesignandimplementationofpartofacontrol/communicationsystemallowsstudentstoapplytheirknowledgetoareal-lifeproblem.

Topicsinclude:

signaltypesandtheirrepresentationinthetimeandfrequencydomains;modellingsystemswithdifferentialordifferenceequationsandtransformsoftheequations;signaloperationsandprocessing;therelationshipbetweendiscreteandcontinuousquantitiesandthemathematicaltechniquesapplicabletoeach;theeffectsoffeedback;timeandfrequencydomainperformanceofsystems;systemstability;andcontroldesigntechniquesandsimplecommunicationsystems.

16.IntroductoryControl

Theobjectiveofthissubjectistoenablestudentstomodelwithvalidationcontrolsystemsandtoanalyse,designandimplementbothanaloganddigitalcontrollerssothatthecontrolledsystemsconformwithgivenspecifications.Emphasisisplacedonlaboratorywork,thetheoreticalcontentofthesubjectbeingonlythatrequiredtoproducesuccessfuldesigns.Studentsarerequiredtoworkonreducedscalemodelsofactualindustrialprocesses.Theequipmentisbaseduponexperiencegainedwithauthenticcontrolapplicationsandissuitablymodifiedforstudentuse.Studentsfollowtheusualsequenceadoptedinindustry,