aps电气复习final英文资料.docx
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aps电气复习final英文资料
1.高等数学(AdvancedMathematics)
It’snotonlytellushowtoadd,subtract,multiply,anddividewholenumbers,fractions,decimals,andpercentages,actually,Mathematicsisastudyofpatternsandrelationships;ascienceandawayofthinking;anart,characterizedbyorderandinternalconsistency;alanguage,usingcarefullydefinedtermsandsymbols
2.大学生思想修养(MoralCultivationofcollegestudents)
Thiscoursemainlytalkedaboutmoraleducationandvalueeducationtothecollegestudent,alotofrealitystoriesaretoldintheclasstomakeusconsciousofrightthingsandthewrong,inaword,It’saimistoteachustobegoodpeople.
3.体育(P.E)(1,2,3)
Inourschool,youcanchose1kindofsporttolearneachyear,IlearnedtennisballinmyfroshyearandIlikeditverymuch,bythemay,nadirismyfavouritesportsstars.Then,kickboxingismychoiceinthesecondyear,youknow,IwanttobemorestrongsoIcanprotectmyselfandthepeopleIcareaboutwhensomethingbadhappened,hehe.
4.计算机文化基础(SoftwareTechniqueFoundationDesign)
Ilearnedsomebasicideasaboutcomputerinthiscourse,normally,personalcomputeriscomposedofHardwareandSoftware.Hardware:
case,powersupply,,motherboard,processor,heatsink,harddrive,memorycard,opticaldrive,videocard,soundcard,netwotkcard,however,nowadays,mostmotherboardshaveon-boardsound,videoandnetworkcard,soyoudon’tneedtobuythemwhendiyacomputerunlessyoupursuehighperformance.Software:
Systemsoftware---MacOs,DOS,Windows.Applicationsoftware:
----MicrosoftOffice,mainlylearnedwordprocessing,spreadsheet,--excelpowerpoint
5.普通物理学(GeneralPhysics)
Introducebasicconceptions,laws,theoriesaboutnaturalthings
6.程序设计(programming)
Cwasdesignedforimplementingsystemsoftware,itisalsowidelyusedfordevelopingapplicationsoftware.
Datastructures:
Pointers,Arrays
Memorymanagement
e.g.
#includemath.h
#includestdio.h
main()
{
doublex,s;
printf("inputnumber:
\n");
scanf("%lf",&x);
s=sin(x);
printf("sineof%lfis%lf\n",x,s);
}
7.法律基础(LawBasis)
Mainlyaboutthelawinchina,includinginternationallaw,constitutionalandadministrativelaw,criminallaw,tortlaw,propertylaw,labourlaw,familylaw,commerciallaw,……manymany,inaword,inthiscoursewelearnedtobea
8.普通物理实验(GeneralPhysicsExperiment)
Basicoperationskillsofampmeter,voltagemeter,power,frequency,resistancetabletoproperlytesttherequiredvariables.
9.电路理论基础(ElectricCircuitTheories)
Explainbasictheories,lawsconceptionandbasicanalyzingmethodofelectricalcircuit.Suchas
thecurrentandvoltagelawofkirchhoff,ohm’slaw,FaradyandBranchCurrentMethod
Anelectricalcircuitiscomposedofelementssuchasresistors,inductors,andcapacitorsconnectedtogetherinsomemanner.
Ohm’slaw:
statesthatthevoltageacrosstheresistorisequaltothecurrentthroughtheresistormultipliedbythevalueoftheresistance.U=IR
Farady;s:
thevoltageacrosstheinductorisproportionaltotherateofchangewithtimeofthecurrentthroughtheinductor.U=Ldi/dtdi/dt:
therateofchangeofcurrent
Capacitor;ThevoltagedevelopedacrossacapacitorisproportionaltotheelectricchargeqaccumulatingontheplatesofthecapacitorU=1/C
Kirchhoff:
---KVL:
Thealgebraicsumofthevoltagesaroundaclosedloopiszero.
KCL:
Thealgebraicsumofthecurrentsenteringandexitinganodeequalszero.
BranchCurrentMethod:
First,assumethedirectionofcurrentsinanetwork,thenwriteequationsdescribingtheirrelationshipstoeachotherthroughkichhoff;sandohm;slaw
threephaseciucuit
10.电工实习(ElectronicProcessesInternship)
Basicideasandimportantnotesaboutelectronicproductionprocess,thenuseelectricirontomakeasmallelectronicepuipment,andImadeasmallchargerwhichIuseduntilnow,hehe,wondertful.
First:
followthecircuitdiagramtoplacetheelectroniccomponentsuchascapacitor,resistor,sourceline
Second:
welding,weldingworkwasessential,solderjointrequestmustbestrong,sleek,weldingtechnologywillhaveadirectimpactonthesuccessofelectronicsmanufacturing.justbecareful!
Last:
makingup,insertthepcbintothecaseandconnectotherouterframecomponent,andthenit’sdone!
!
11.数字技术基础(ElectronicTechnologyFundamentals)
BasicknowledgeofDigitalandAnalogsignal,severallogicgates,booleanequation,truthtableandimportantflip-flop,operationalamplifer
1)Digital&Analog:
therateofchangeoftimeandnumberofavariableisdiscrete,thecircuitworkonthissignalcalleddigitalcircuit.Ontheotherhand,ifthevariablesarecontinuousfunctionsoftime,itcalledanalogsignal,andthecircuitworkonthiscalledanalogcircuit.
2)Logicgate:
AND,ORNOT
TheANDgateisalogicgatethatgivesanoutputof'1'onlywhenallofitsinputsare'1'.
TheORgateisalogicgatethatgivesanoutputof'0'onlywhenallofitsinputsare'0'.
TheNOTgateisalogicgatethatgivesanoutputthatisoppositethestateofitsinput. alsocalledinverter
A
B
OutputQ
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
TruthtableofANDGATE
3)Booleanequation:
mathematicallyanalyzetherelationoflogicgate
4)Flip-flop:
S,Rareapairofinputterminals,standingforsetand
reset,repectively,Thefundamental,mostimportant
characteristicofaflip-flopisthatithasa“memory”,
Example:
whens=1,r=0,q=1,(q非)q’=0,whenthesignal
appliedonsdisappear(meanssturnto0),becauseqstill
equals1,throughtheorgate,theoutputunchanged,1.
5)Op-Amp****笔记***:
anintegratedcircuitthathasmanycomponentspartssuchasresistorsandtransistorsbuiltintothedevice.
Uo=A(U+-U-)
AisthegainofOp-Amp
6)ADAnalogueanddigitalconversions
Analogue-to-digitalconversioninvolvesasampleandholdunitfollowedbyananalogue-todigitalconverter.AN-bitADCoutputsabinarywordwhosewidthisNbits.TheresolutionofaN-bitADCis1/2Nofthefull-scaleinput.ConversiontimespecifythetimeittakesaADCtogenerateadigitalword.
1.SuccessiveapproximationADC
ThistypeofADCismostcommonlyusedform.Thismethodisbasedoncomparingtheinputanaloguevoltagewithanothervoltageuntiltwoareequalorascloseasitispossibletosetthem.
12.电子技术基础实验(ElectronicTechnologyfundamentalExperiment)
Introducesomebasictestingtechnology,tovoltage,frequency,current,time,resistanceandsoon,alsodebuggingtechnologyofbothdigitalandanalogciucuit
13.电磁场(ElectromagneticField)
IntroducesomebasicknowledgeofElectromagneticfield,PointisMaxwellequationsanditslinearrelation.
IntegralLinearrelation:
B=H,D=EJ=E
,,aremagneticpermeability,
Dielectricpermittivity,andconductivity
Respectively.
Differential
14.自动控制理论(AutomationControlTheory)
***笔记****
Introducebasicknowledgeoftwokindsofcontrolsystems:
Open-loopcontrolsystemsandClosed-loopcontrolsystemandtheirmathematicallyanalysistool---transferfunction
Open-loop:
thecontrolactionisindependentoftheoutput
图:
Closed-loop:
theinputoftheplantissomehowdependentontheactualoutput,theoutputisfeedbackinafunctionalformdeterminedbythenatureofthefeedbackelementsthensubstractedfromtheinput,soit’softenreferredtoasanegativefeedback.
图:
Transferfunction:
Theinput–outputrelationshipinthelaplacedomainiscalledthetransferfunction.Thisfunctioncanbeobtainedbymainlytwoways:
laplacetransformandexperiment.welearnedtheformerone,totakelaplacetransformrequiresthesystemtobelinearandstationary,withcontinuousvariablesandzeroinitialconditions.
alsocanbewrittenin
D(s)iscalledthecharacteristicfunction,itcontainsallthephysicalcharacteristicsofthesystemanddeterminethestabilityofthesystem.(useRouthstabilitycriterion)
N(s)afunctionofhowtheinputentersthesystem.
Foraopenloop,thetransferfunctionisW(S)=C(s)/R(s)=G(s)H(s)
Foraclosedloop:
W(s)=C(s)/R(s)=G(s)H(s)/1+G(s)H(s)
Routh:
example:
15.信号与系统(SignalsandSystems)
Thissubjectpresentsthetheoreticalbasisforsystemanalysisandgivesstudentsskillsinusingthetechniquestodesigncomponentsofrealcontrol/communicationsystems.Thederivationofmodelsfromreal-worlddevicesthroughmeasurementandthecomparisonofmodelpredictionswithexperimentalresultsisemphasisedinthelaboratorycomponentofthecourse.Agroupprojectthatrequiresthedesignandimplementationofpartofacontrol/communicationsystemallowsstudentstoapplytheirknowledgetoareal-lifeproblem.
Topicsinclude:
signaltypesandtheirrepresentationinthetimeandfrequencydomains;modellingsystemswithdifferentialordifferenceequationsandtransformsoftheequations;signaloperationsandprocessing;therelationshipbetweendiscreteandcontinuousquantitiesandthemathematicaltechniquesapplicabletoeach;theeffectsoffeedback;timeandfrequencydomainperformanceofsystems;systemstability;andcontroldesigntechniquesandsimplecommunicationsystems.
16.IntroductoryControl
Theobjectiveofthissubjectistoenablestudentstomodelwithvalidationcontrolsystemsandtoanalyse,designandimplementbothanaloganddigitalcontrollerssothatthecontrolledsystemsconformwithgivenspecifications.Emphasisisplacedonlaboratorywork,thetheoreticalcontentofthesubjectbeingonlythatrequiredtoproducesuccessfuldesigns.Studentsarerequiredtoworkonreducedscalemodelsofactualindustrialprocesses.Theequipmentisbaseduponexperiencegainedwithauthenticcontrolapplicationsandissuitablymodifiedforstudentuse.Studentsfollowtheusualsequenceadoptedinindustry,