英语中考专项练习动 词.docx
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英语中考专项练习动词
动词
一、动词的种类
1、行为动词
1）及物动词：
后面必须加宾语
Youmustfinishthehomeworktoday.
Wereachedthestationat5:
00yesterday.
2）不及物动词：
后面不加宾语或加上相应介词再加宾语
Hasthetrainarrivedyet?
Listentomecarefully.
常见不及物动词有：
lookat/for/after/like,arrivein/at,talkwith/to/about,agreewith,operateon,laughat,liveon,pointat,runafter,thinkabout/of,worryabout,complainabout,callon,waitfor
2.联系动词
联系动词后往往接形容词
1）be动词+adj.
2）become,get,turn（变得）+adj.
It’sgettingwarmerandwarmer.
Hisfaceturnedredderstill.
3）look,feel,sound,smell,taste,seem+adj
Themusicsoundsveryinteresting
Heseemsveryrich.
Theminutesseemedlikehours.
Ittasteslikesteak.
3.have动词及 therebe动词
1）have/has（got）表示某人拥有某物
I’vegotanewcomputerathome.
Ourschoolhasabigswimmingpool.
2）therebe表示某地方有某物／人
Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool?
What’sonthedesk?
Thereisabookonthedesk.
Therearemanystudentsplayingfootballontheplayground.
Thereusedtobeacinemahere
4.情态动词can,may,must,need,should,及haveto,beableto,oughtto,usedto
1）can
Shecanspeakthreelanguages.（表示能力）
CanIuseyourbike?
（征求对方许可）
Hecan’tbeTom’sbrother.（表示猜测，不可能是）
2）may
MayIleavethetable?
（征求对方许可）
No,youmaynot./No,youmustn’t.
HemaybeTom’sbrother.（表示猜测，也许是）
3）must
MustIgetupearlytomorrow?
（表示有必要）
I’mafraidyoumust./No,youneedn’t.
Thelightison.Hemustbein.（表示猜测，一定是）
Youmustn’tplayfootballinthestreet.（不准，不该）
4）should应该 ，责任，义务
Everyoneshouldobeythesevendon’ts.（表示责任）
5）oughtto=should应该（语气稍重）
WeoughttohaveawordwithTom.
OughtwetohaveawordwithTom?
Yes,yououghtto./No,yououghtnotto.
6）need,haveto需要，不得不
MustIhanditinnow?
No,youneedn’t.
Youneedn’tfinishthehomeworktoday.不必
=Youdon’thavetofinishthehomeworktoday.
Ineedaboxofmatches.
Idon’tneedyourhelp.
7）usedto（过去常常做某事）,hadbetter（最好做某事）,wouldrather（宁愿做某事）
Iusedtogotoworkbybicycle,butnowIgotoworkonfoot.
It’slate,we’dbettergonow.
I’dratherdoitatonce.
5、助动词（无特殊意思，但能表示时态和语态，必须与动词原形或分词一起组成谓语）
be（am,is,are,was,were）,do（does,did）,have（has,had）,will（would）,shall
Don’topenthedoor.
Wendydoesn’tneedmuchsleep.
Didyoudoasurveyabouttheworkersinthefactory?
Wehaven’tmetforalongtime.
AlotofyoungteacherswillbesenttothewestofChina.
二、动词的时态
1、一般现在时
常用的时间状语有：
always,usually,often,sometimes,atnight,onceaday,inspring,twiceaweek,everyday（year,month,year）,inthemorning,inMarch
1）表示客观真理和自然规律；
Thesunrisesintheeast.
2）表示现在的特征或状态．Helovessports.
3）经常性或习惯性的动作．Theygotoworkeveryday.
4）用于当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时if／unless条件状语从句中和when,assoonas,before,after,until,等时间状语从句中
I’llringyouupif/when/assoonasIgettheretomorrow.
2、现在进行时am,is,are+doing
常用的时间now,atthemoment,It’s8:
00o’clock.thesedays，theseyears,atpresent
1）表示此刻正在进行的动作 Iamspeaking.Youarelistening.
2）表示最近阶段主要的行为动作Theyarebuildinganewhighrisethesedays.
3）come,go,leave等构成的现在进行时表示将来I’mleavingforParistomorrow.
3、一般将来时
表示现在看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow,tomorrow（morning,afternoon,evening）,thedayaftertomorrow,next（week,month…）,thisevening,tonight,thiscoming（Sunday…）,inthreedays,in2023,inthefuture,someday,soon,soonerorlater等连用.
Nancywillbeadoctorintwoyears.
Therewillbeasupermarketnearourneighbourhood.
Oliverwillhaveanicebikenextweek.
shall（第一人称）+动词原形
will（begoingto）+动词原形
4、一般过去时
常用的时间状语：
yesterday,yesterday（morning,evening…）,thedaybeforeyesterday,（amoment,sixdays,long,long）ago,last（night,week,Friday,winter,year）,once,oneday,theotherday,justnow,twodayslater,thatday,in1919,thosedays,thismorning
1）表示过去发生动作或情况、状态
Jennywasapolicemanmonthsago.
Therewasadirtyriverinfrontofthefactory.
Katehadanicecameraayearago.
2）usedtodo用来表示过去常常（而今不）
Iusedtogotoworkonfoot.（ButnowIgotoworkbycar.）
5、现在完成时have/has+过去分词
1）、表示对从过去一直延续到现在的动作或状态（从过去某一点至今的一段时间：
for10months,since1998,sincethen,sincetwoyearsago,thesedays,thisyear,inthepast/last20years,untilnow.
Samhasbeenanengineerfor30years/since1987
2）表示过去的行为对现在造成的直接影响
Therainhasalreadystopped.Let’sgoforawalk.（常和just,already,yet,ever,never 连用）
3）have/hasgonetosp.去了某地（人已不在）have/hasbeentosp.去过某地（人已回来）
A:
whereisTom?
B:
Hehasgonetothelibrary.
A:
Wherehaveyoubeen,Tom?
B:
I’vebeentothelibrary.
瞬间动词延续动词
joinbeamemberof/bein
diebedead
borrowkeep
buyhave
fallillbeill
catchacoldhaveacold
comeherebehere
comebackbeback
cometoChinabeinChina
leavebeaway
leaveherebeawayfromhere
gotobedsleep
endbeover
beginbeon
begintoworkwork
6、过去进行时
1）表示主语过去某个时刻或某个阶段正在发生的动作常与at8:
00yesterday,thistimeyesterday,atthattime,then,from6to8yesterdaymorning,thewholemorning,allday等时间状语连用
Wewerehavingamathslessonat8:
00yesterday.
Peterwasplayingvideogamesfrom6to12yesterdayevening.
2）.在when,while连接的句子中也常用过去进行时。
WhenIwasdoingshoppingyesterday,Imetafriendofmine.
7、过去将来时
1）should+动词原形
•would+动词原形
•was/weregoingto+动词原形
2）站在过去立场说将来的判断,状态,行为动作等,多用于宾语从句中.
Nancysaidthatshewouldhaveanewjobsoon.
8、过去完成时had+过去分词
站在过去立场上说该立场之前的判断，状态，行为动作等，多用于
1）有by+过去时间的时间状语
Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearnedsixtenses.
2）When,before,after,assoonas,until,bythetime等连接词连接的复合句的主句或从句中
3）原因状语从句中
Kathydidn’tbuythedressbecauseshehadlostherhandbag.
4）宾语从句中
Wendysaidthatshehadreceivedfourlettersthatday.
5）表示追叙的简单句中
（1）Theboyswentouttoplay.Therainhadstopped.Thesunwasshiningbrightly.
（2）IsawKathylastweek.WehadnotseeneachothersincewepartedinParis.
9、答题要点
•找出时间状语，判断用什么时态。
如果试题是复合句或并列句或多句组成，则要考虑上下文决定;
•考虑用主动语态还是被动语态；
•考虑主语与谓语的人称与数的一致；
•知道祈使句，否定句，疑问句，带情态动词以及括号内有副词的时态填空如何答题；
•知道如何做时态填空.
1）.表达客观规律、自然现象、风俗习惯和现在经常反复发生的动作。
这句话出现在宾语从句中，也不受主句时态的限制，一律用一般现在时。
2）宾语从句中的时态：
主句是现在时的，宾语从句就用现在时范畴的各种时态。
主句是过去时的，宾语从句则要用过去时范畴的各种时态。
3）带状语从句的复合句的时态填空：
主句将来时，条件if/unless、时间状语从句when,after,before,until/till,assoonas用一般现在时；
4）带有since引导的时间状语复合句中：
主句用现在完成时，时间状语从句用一般过去时.
中考演练
一、Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）
（）1.---MustIgetupearlytomorrow?
----No,you_____.TomorrowisSunday.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t
（）2.--______Ihavesomechocolatesnow?
---No,you_____.It’stimeforbed.Youcanhavesometomorrow.
A.May,mustn’tB.Must,needn’tC.Must,mustn’tD.May,needn’t
（）3.Afteralongwalk,theoldman_____betirednow.
A.canB.mustC.hastoD.need
（）4.Computers________processdifficultproblemsveryquickly.
A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can
（）5.Cars,busesandbikes_______stopwhenthetrafficlightschangetored.
A.canB.mustC.mayD.need
（）6.We______keepthenewtrafficlawandlearnhowtoprotectourselves.
A.mayB.shouldC.canD.need
（）7.Peoplearetoldthatthey______walkonthegrass.
A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.don’tneedD.maynotto
（）8.IsawMissLiinShanghaiLibraryfiveminutesago.She_____beinYuGardennow.
A.mayB.mustC.mustn’tD.can’t
（）9.John,you_____doyourhomeworktoday.Leaveitfortomorrow.
A.needn’ttoB.don’tneedC.don’tneedtoD.haven’tto
（）10.Students____becarefulwhentheydochemicalexperimentsinthelab.
A.canB.mustC.needD.may
（）11.Afteralongjourney,theeightpandasfromWolongsagely______inBeijing.
A.arrivedB.reachedC.gotD.came
（）12.Look!
Jane’sgrandmother_______withsomeagedpeopleinthepark.
A.dancesB.dancedC.isdancingD.wasdancing
（）13.Kevin_______toworkinhishometownafterhegraduatedfromuniversity.
A.goesB.wentC.willgoD.hadgone
（）14.—MustIreturnthemagazinetoyourightnow,Sandy?
--No,you______.YoumaykeepituntilnextWednesday.
A.needn’tB.can’tC.mustD.may
二、Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（时态填空）
1.Themoon_______（get）itslightfromthesun.
2.Weusually______（have）fourclassesinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.
3.Children______（like）watchingcartoon.
4.Students_______（have）tenminutes’restbetweenclasses.
5._______（notthrow）paperontheground.
6.“Tom,_________afraidofspeakinginpublic.Youarenolongerasmallboy,”saidMum.（notbe）
7.I’llgivethemessagetoherassoonasshe_______（return）.
8.WewillgotoShanghaiZooifit_______（notrain）tomorrow.
9.Wewillhavenowatertodrinkoruseunlesswe______（stop）wastingitnow.
10.Whenspring_____（come）,theanimalswhichsleepinwinterstartwakingup.
11.Tim’smotherworksinthatshoppingcenterandshealways______（do）herbesttoservethecustomers.
12.Itislateatnight.Dad______still______（work）atthedesk.
13.It’ssixo’clocknow.Jack_____（deliver）newspapers.
14.Don’tshout.Ourteachers______（have）animportantmeetinginthenextroom.
15.A:
Whereisyourmonitor?
B:
He______（make）amodelshipintheclassroom.
16.Charliecan’tgowithusbecausehe_____aprofessoraroundourcountry.（show）
17.It’sratherhottoday,buttheweatherreportsaysthetemperature_____（fall）to280Ctomorrow.
18.Whatsubject_____you______（study）nextterm?
19.I______（give）thislettertomyfatherwhenhe_______（come）backfromSingaporetomorrow.
20.We______（help）GrandmaLiwiththehouseworkthiscomingSaturday.
21.TaraisinterestedinChineseculture.She_____ChineseatFudanUniversitynextyear.（study）
22.TongTong______（show）hisunclearoundthenewneighborhood
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