论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用论文范文.docx

论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用论文范文.docx

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论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用论文范文

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论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用

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OnApplicationofConversioninEnglish-ChineseTranslation

by

LiuXiao

UndertheSupervisionof

LiWentao

SubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

fortheDegreeofBachelorofArts

SchoolofForeignStudies

ShandongUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

May2012

Acknowledgements

Uponthecompletionofthethesis,firstofall,IwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetomysupervisorProf.LiWentao,forhisenlighteningguidance,incessantencouragementandcarefulmodificationthroughouttheprocessofwritingthisthesis.Withouthispatienceandprudence,Icouldnothavebroughtmythesistoitspresentform.

Besides,IamalsogreatlyindebtedtootherbelovedteachersintheSchoolofForeignStudiesofShandongUniversityofFinanceandEconomics,fortheirvaluableandinformativecourseswhichhavebenefitedmealotduringmycollegeyears.

Lastbutnottheleast,Iamalsomuchobligedtoallmyfriendswhohavehelpedmewithmythesis.

L.X.

（名字的第一个字母）

ABSTRACT

OnApplicationofConversion

inEnglish-ChineseTranslation

LiuXiao

DuetothegreatdifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseingrammarandexpressionstyle,translatorsmayadopttheapproachesofchangingthewordclassesandsentencecomponentsinEnglish-Chinese（E-C）translation.Asafrequently-usedtranslationtechnique,conversionenablestranslatorstoachieveanatural,fluentandaccuratetranslationthatnotonlyconveystheoriginaltext’sinformationbutalsofitstheidiomaticusageofChinese.

Thethesisconsistsofthreechapters.ThefirstchapterexaminestheconversionofwordclassesinE-CtranslationsuchasconversionfromEnglishnounsorprepositionsintoChineseverbs.Theconversionofwordclassesusuallyresultsintheconversionofsentencecomponents,sothesecondchapterdiscussestheconversionofsentencecomponents.ThethirdchapterexplorestheapproachesofhowtoconverttheEnglishperspectivesintothecorrespondingonesconformingtoChinesecultureandthoughtpattern.

Keywords:

conversion;wordclasses;sentencecomponents;perspectives;E-Ctranslation

摘要

论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用

刘潇

由于英汉两种语言在语法或表达习惯上存在巨大差异,在英汉翻译的过程中,译者往往需要改变原文的词类或句子成分。

作为英汉翻译中常用的翻译技巧，转换法可以使译文自然、流畅、准确，既传达原意又符合汉语的表达习惯。

本文共分三章。

第一章介绍了英汉翻译过程中几种常见的词性转换方法，如原文中的名词或介词转换为译文中的动词。

词性的转换通常会引起句子成分的改变，第二章分析了句子成分的转换现象。

第三章讨论了如何将英语思维视角转换为相应的符合汉语文化和思维模式的视角。

关键词：

转换法；词类；句子成分；视角；英译汉

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements…………………………………………………ii

Abstract………………………………………………………….…iii

AbstractinChinese………………………………………………iv

Introduction…………………………………………………………1

ChapterOneConversionofWordClasses…………...…………3

I.ConversionintoChineseVerbs…………………………………3

II.ConversionintoChineseNouns………………………………5

III.ConversionintoChineseAdjectives…………………………6

IV.ConversionintoChineseAdverbs……………………………7

ChapterTwoConversionofSentenceComponents…...………..9

I.ConversionintoChineseSubjects………………………………9

II.ConversionintoChinesePredicates…………………………10

III.ConversionintoChineseObjects……………………………11

IV.ConversionintoChineseAttributes…………………………11

V.ConversionintoChineseComplements…………………12

ChapterThreeConversionofPerspectives……………………14

I.ConversionofEnglishImpersonalSubjects…………………14

II.ConversionfromtheAbstractintotheConcrete…………….17

III.ConversionfromtheStativeintotheDynamic………………17

IV.ConversionfromthePassiveintotheActive………………18

V.ConversionbetweenNegativeandAffirmative………………18

Conclusion…………..……………………………….……………20

WorksCited……………………………………………………..…21

如有三级标题，可以i.ii.iii.iv.编写，为简明，建议目录中尽量不要写三级标题，正文中可有三级标题。

注意各级标题大小写，确保目录中的标题、页码与正文中的标题、页码保持对应。

注意每段的首行缩进、行距、字体、字号等要保持全文一致

Introduction

Intranslationwemaygothroughmanyprocedurestotranslatethetexttomakeitacceptableforthespecificcommunicativesituation.Thetranslatingprocessisexplainedasfollows:

Translationisnotthetranscodingofwordsorsentencesfromonelanguagetoanother,butacomplexformofaction,wherebysomeoneprovidesinformationonatext（sourcelanguagematerial）inanewsituationandunderchangedfunctional,culturalandlinguisticconditions,preservingformalaspectsascloselyaspossible.（Snell-Hornby82）注意引语段格式

Accordingtotheexplanation,intranslating,atranslator’staskistoconveythecontentandspiritofthesourcetextandrearrangethemintothetargettextinasmoothandlogicalwayunderthenewspecificsituationsandconditions.Additionally,weshouldrememberthat“anaturalstyleintranslatingisneverthelessessentialtoproducingintheultimatereceptorsaresponsesimilartothatoftheoriginalreceptors”（MaandMiao17）.Therefore,effectivetranslationmethodsandtechniquesareundoubtedlyindispensableintranslatingactivities.注意文内引文规范。

每个文献须在文末参考书目中出现。

Conversion,asagrammaticalphenomenon,hasbeenahotsubjectinthefieldoflinguisticresearch.Sincesourcelanguageandtargetlanguagearequitedifferentinnatureanduse,andthetargettextshouldconveythemeaningofthesourcetextintheclosestnaturalmanner,conversionbecomesoneofthemosteffectivetechniquestoseekinthetargetlanguagetheequivalentinformationofthesourcelanguage.

Aclearandcorrectexpressionofthesourcetextiswhatreallymattersintranslation,foritiscrucialintranslationtoseekequivalenceincontentorinformation,butnotabsoluteformalcorrespondence.“Formostpeopletheinformativefunctionispredominantlythemajorroleoflanguage”（Hu10）.Agoodtranslatorwillthereforeemployallpossiblemeanstoreproducethethoughtoftheauthorfaithfullyinanotherlanguage.“Conversionhaslongbeenacceptedasoneofthetechniquesessentialtoimprovingthequalityofourversion”（Zhong98）,bywhichthemechanicaltranslationcouldbeavoided;thereforeitenablestranslatorstoachieveanaturalandfaithfultranslationwhichnotonlyoffersinformationofthesourcetextbutalsokeepswiththeexpressionhabitsofthetargetlanguage.Inthisway,contentsofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguageareinaccordancewitheachother,thoughformsmaybesomewhatchanged.

Thethesisarguesthat,becauseofthegreatdifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseingrammarandexpressionstyle,conversionbecomesafrequently-usedtranslationtechnique,whichenablestranslatorstoachieveanatural,fluentandaccuratetranslation.InadditiontoIntroductionandConclusion,thethesisconsistsofthreeparts.ThefirstchapterdiscussestheconversionofwordclassesinEnglish-Chinese（E-C）translation.Thesecondchapterfocusesontheconversionofsentencecomponents,whichisusuallycausedbytheconversionofwordclasses.ThethirdchapterexplorestheapproachesofhowtoconverttheEnglishperspectivesintothecorrespondingonesinChinese.

ChapterOne

ConversionofWordClasses

InE-Ctranslation,itisdifficulttogetanappropriatecorrespondingChinesewordforanEnglishwordofthesameclassallthetime.Ifeachwordinonelanguageisreplacedwithwordsofthesamewordclassesinanother,suchexpressionswouldsoundveryawkwardorevenunintelligibletothereader.Therefore,effectiveuseofwordclassconversioniscrucialandnecessaryinE-Ctranslation.

I.ConversionintoChineseVerbs

BecauseoneofthemostremarkabledifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseliesintheuseoftheverb,conversionintoChineseverbshasbecomethebasicconversiontechniqueusedinE-Ctranslation.

i.ConvertingEnglishNounintoChineseVerb

AsforEnglish,“itseemspossibletoexpressideaswithgreaterprecisionandadequacybymeansofnounsthanbymeansofthemorepictorialverbs”（Jespersen139）.Thatistosay,“EnglishisalanguageinwhichnounsaremorewidelyusedthanthoseinChinese,whileinChineseverbsaremorefrequentlyusedandoccupyadominantposition”（Zhou391）,thereforesomeEnglishnounsareoftenconvertedintoChineseverbsinthepracticaltranslation.注意文内引文规范。

每个文献须在文末参考书目中出现。

Specifically,anEnglishnounwhichpossessesthepropertyofaverborwasderivedfromaverbisoftenconvertedintoaverbwhentranslatedintoChinese.Hereisanexampletoillustratethispoint.

Example1:

Theuseofbacteriologicalweaponsisaclearviolationoftheinternationallaw.

使用细菌武器显然违反国际法。

ii.ConvertingEnglishPrepositionintoChineseVerb

Itisknownthat“thereareabout286prepositionsandprepositionalphrasesinEnglish”（Lian50）.PrepositionsorprepositionalphrasesaresowidelyandfrequentlyusedinEnglishthatEnglishissometimescalledprepositionallanguage.PrepositionsinEnglish,whichareveryrichandflexibleinmeaning,haveagreatpowerofexpression;onthecontrary,theChineselanguageisverb-oriented,soitisnotwithoutreasonthatEnglishprepositionsorprepositionalphrasesareoftenconvertedintoChineseverbsorverbalphrasesinE-Ctranslation.Thereisanexamplebelow.

Example2:

Itisourgoalthatthepeopleintheundevelopedareaswillbefinallyoffpoverty.

我们的目标是使不发达地区的人民最终摆脱贫困。

iii.ConvertingEnglishAdjectiveintoChineseVerb

WhenmeetingwithsuchEnglishadjectivesthatoftenindicatethehumanpsychologyorstateofmind,suchasone’sconsciousness,emotionalactivitiesanddesires,translatorsusuallyconvertthemintoChineseverbs.Hereisanexampletoillustratethepoint.

Exampl