高考阅读理解专项练习原创整理.docx

高考阅读理解专项练习原创整理.docx

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高考阅读理解专项练习原创整理

A

Peeringinto2003

In2002,wehadsomanygreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofscience.Whatsurpriseswillthescientistsbringtousin2003?

AccordingtoScienceMagazine,thebiggestproblemsfacingscientistsin2003willbe:

Whichglaciersmightdisappear?

Scientistswilltrytofindoutwhichoftheworld'sglaciersmaydisappearundertheinfluenceofgreenhousewarming.Mountainglaciersareclearlybecomingsmallerandsmallerandhighmountaintropicalglacierscouldsoondisappear.ButthestatusofgreaticestoresofGreenlandandAntarcticaisuncertain.

Howdoesthesunaffecttheearth'sclimate?

Scientistsarenowbecomingmoreandmoreinterestedintheinfluenceofthesunontheearth'sclimate.Itisreportedthatinthelastcentury,theearth'sdroughtandcoldsnapshadmuchtodowiththesun'sactivities.

Whatarehumanorigins?

Withrapidprogressmadeinthefieldofgenomics,scientistshopetobeabletobetterunderstandlife'smanyevolutionaryrelationships.Also,thestudyonchimpsmayhelptorevealwhatmakesushuman.

WhatweretheconditionsproducingtheBigBang?

Withthehelpofsatellites,scientistswillobservegammaraysfromblackholesandexaminetheheatfromdistantgalaxiesanddustclouds.MaybetheywillgetsomenewideaabouttheBigBang.

Besidestheseproblemsabove,scientistshavetofacethefinancialproblemsandtheproblemswhetherthestudyofantimatterwillhaveabrightfuture.

Astherateofdevelopmentintheworldeconomyslows,theamountofgovernmentandprivatespendingonbasicsciencedecreases,soscientistsindevelopedcountriesareworriedthattheywillnothaveenoughfundsforresearch.Howwillscientistscarryouttheirworkundersuchconditions?

Antimatteronceexistedonlyinthemindofnovelists.Butin2002,somescientistsproducedcold,slow-movingantihydrogenatomsforthefirsttime.Antihydrogenwillbeanimportanttoolforstudyingthedifferencebetweenmatterandantimatter.Scientistsmustfirstgetlargeamountsofantihydrogenbeforetheycanstudyitsproperties.Itmightnothappeninthecomingyearoreveninthenext,butthere'snoquestionthatantihydrogenfuturearebrighterthanever.

1.Accordingtosciencemagazine,howmanybiggestproblemswillthescientistsfacein2003?

A.4B.5C.6D.7

2.Whichstatementiscorrectwhenwetalkabouttheglaciers?

A.Alltheglacierswilldisappearsoon.

B.ItiscertainthatthegreaticestoresofGreenlandandAntarcticawillremainthesame.

C.Itispossiblethatsomehigh-mountaintropicalglacierswillsoondisappear.

D.Noglaciershavechangesundertheinfluenceofgreenhousewarming.

3.Fromthepassage,weknow________.

A.In2003,wehadmanygreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofscience.

B.theamountofgovernmentandprivatespendingonbasicscienceincreases.

C.Littleprogresshasbeenmadeinthefieldofgenomics.

D.Scientistswillknowmoreabouttheantimatter,andtheantihydrogenfuturesarebrighter.

4.Whichstatementiswrongaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thesunaffectstheearth'sclimate.

B.Noteverybodycanexplainwhatantimatteris.

C.TheconditionswhichproducetheBigBanghavebeenknowntosomescientists.

D.Thestudyonchimpsmayhelptorevealwhatmakeshuman.

B

Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformsofphysicalactivities.Itmaybewalking,cyclingorswimming,orinwinter,skatingorskiing.Itmaybeagameofsomekind,football,hockey,golf,ortennis,itmaybemountaineering.

Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardship,andtotakerisksonhighmountains?

Thisastonishmentiscausedprobablybythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheirleisure.

Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderules,asthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereare,ofcourse,rulesofadifferentkind,whichwouldbedangeroustoignore,butitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeople.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.

Ifwecomparemountaineeringwithothermorefamiliarsports,wemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota“game”.Wewouldbemistakeninthisassumption.Thereare,itistrue,no“matches”between“teams”ofclimbers,butwhenclimbersareonarockfacelinkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydepend,thereisaobviouslyteamwork.

Themountainclimberknowsthathemayhavetofightforcesthatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanman.Hehastofighttheforcesofnature.Hissportrequireshighmentalandphysicalcapacities.

Amountainclimbercontinuestoimproveinskillyearafteryear.Askierisprobablypasthisprimebytheageofthirty,andmostinternationaltennischampionsareintheirearlytwenties.ButitisnotunusualforamanoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsintheAlps.Theymaytakemoretimethanyoungmen.Buttheyprobablyclimbwithmoreskillandlesswastedeffort,andtheycertainlyexperienceequalenjoyment.

5.Mountaineeringisasportwhichinvolves_________.

A.hardship

B.cold

C.physicalrisks

D.alltheabove

6.Themaindifferencebetweenasportandagameliesinoriginofthe_______.

A.uniform

B.activity

C.rules

D.skills

7.Mountaineeringisalsoateamsportbecause________.

A.itinvolvesrules

B.itinvolvesmatchesbetweenteams

C.itrequiresmentalandphysicalqualities

D.mountaineersdependoneachotherwhileclimbing

8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Mountaineerscompeteagainsteachother.

B.Mountaineerscompeteagainstotherteams.

C.Mountaineerscompeteagainstnature.

D.Mountaineerscompeteagainstinternationalstandard.

C

In1901,H.G.Wells,anEnglishwriter,wroteabookdescribingatriptothemoon.Whentheexplorerslandedonthemoon,theydiscoveredthatthemoonwasfullofundergroundcities.Theyexpressedtheirsurprisetothe“moonpeople”theymet.Inturnthe“moonpeople”expressedtheirsurprise.“Why,”theyasked,“areyoutravelingtoouterspacewhenyoudon’tevenuseyourinnerspace?

”

H.G.wellscouldonlyimaginetraveltothemoon.In1969,humanbeingsreallydidlandonthemoon.Peopletodayknowthattherearenoundergroundcitiesonthemoon.However,thequestionthatthe“moonpeople”askedinstillaninterestingone.Agrowingnumberofscientistsareseriouslythinkingaboutit.

Undergroundsystemarealreadyinplace.Manycitiedhaveundergroundcarparks.Insomecities,suchasTokyo,SeoulandMontreal,therearelargeundergroundshoppingareas.TheChunnel,atunnelconnectingEnglandandFrance,isnowcomplete.

Butwhataboutundergroundcities?

Japan’sTaiseicorporationisdesigninganetworkofundergroundsystems,called“AliceCities”.Thedesignersimagineusingsurfacespaceforpublicparksandusingundergroundspaceforflats,offices,shopping,andsoon.Asolardomewouldcoverthewholecity.

Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwayusetheearth’sspace.Thesurface,theysay,canbeusedforfarms,parks,gardens,andwilderness,H.G.Wells’“moonpeople”wouldagree.Wouldyou?

9.TheexplorersinH.G.Wells’storyweresurprisedtofindthatthe“moonpeople”_____.

A.knewsomuchabouttheearth

B.understoodtheirlanguage

C.liveinsomanyundergroundcities

D.wereaheadoftheminspacetechnology

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?

A.discoveringthemoon’sinnerspace

B.usingtheearth’sinnerspace

C.meetingthe“moonpeople”again

D.travelingtoouterspace

11.Whatsortofundergroundsystemsarealreadyherewithus?

A.offices,shoppingareas,powerstations.

B.Tunnels,carparks,shoppingareas.

C.Gardens,carparks,powerstations.

D.Tunnels,carparks,powerstations.

12.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext

A.AliceCities—CitiesoftheFuture

B.SpaceTravelwithH.G.Wells

C.EnjoyLivingUnderground

D.Buildingdown,notUp

D

Around9p.m.onOctober23,2002,some50heavilyarmedChechenterroristsburstintoatheatreinsoutheastMoscow.Theysetexplosivesandtooktheentireaudienceofmorethan600,plus100actors,ashostages,followingtheBaliexplosioninIndonesiaandtheterroristsattackinZamboanga,thePhilippines.TheChechenterroristssentanultimatumtothegovernment,demandingRussiantroopstokeepoffChechnyaandanendtothewartherewithinsevendays.

Aftera58-hourstandoff,theRussianGovernmentstormedthebuildingduringtheearlyhoursofOctober26,controllingthesituationin40minutes.The50terrorists,headedbyShamilBarayef,wereallkilled.Unfortunately,118hostagesalsodied.Thoughovershadowedbydismayforthehighpricepaid,therescueoperationbyRussianSpecialForceswonapprovalofmorethan85percentofRussiancitizensandwidesupportfromtheinternationalcommunity.

Duringthehostagematter,theRussianGovernmentexpresseditsownposition,launchedtherescueoperationdecisivelyandfinallysucceededinrescuingmosthostages.Itsexperience,withoutadoubt,isofreferencevaluetotheanti-terroristmovement,atatimewhenterrorismconstantlythreatenshumanlifeandsafety.

RussianPresidentVladimirPutindeliveredahardlinespeechearlyinthematter,decidingneithertomeettheterrorists’demandstoendthewar,nortogiveintotheblackmail.IfPutinhadgiveninmdisturbanceswouldhavegrownfurtherinachievingtheirgoalsthroughextrememeans,andseriousside-effectswouldhavebeencausedtointernationalanti-terroristmovement.

TheRussia