1高考英语一轮抓纲务本模块6Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworl.docx

1高考英语一轮抓纲务本模块6Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworl.docx

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1高考英语一轮抓纲务本模块6Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworl

Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld

李仕才

一、阅读理解。

Whenit'sfiveo'clock，peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday，formanyworkers，isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclocktellsthemthey'redone.

Thesedays，thetimeiseverywhere：

notjustonclocksorwatches，butoncellphonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing，particularlyatwork.Newresearchshowsthatclockbasedworkscheduleshindermorale（士气）andcreativity.

Clocktimersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample：

ameetingfrom9a．m.to10a．m.，researchfrom10a．m.tonoon，etc.Ontheotherhand，tasktimershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkdownthelist；eachtaskstartswhentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.

What，then，aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways？

Doesonemakeusmoreproductive？

Betteratthetasksathand？

Happier?

InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnneLaureSellier，theyhadparticipantsorganizedifferentactivities—fromprojectplanning，holidayshopping，toyoga—bytimeortodolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder“clocktime”vs.“tasktime”．Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficientbutlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative，butlessproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening，andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.

Theresearchersarguethattaskbasedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandundersupportedinbusinessculture.Smartcompanies，theybelieve，willtrytobakemoretaskbasedplanningintotheirstrategies.

Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice，buttheresearchersarguethatitchallengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy：

workorganizedbyclocktime.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed，andbe，tosomeextent，clocktimers，taskbasedtimingshouldbeusedwhentheyareperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It'llmakethosetaskseasier，andthetaskdoerswillbehappier.

1．Whatisthewaypeopleoftendotheirworkaccordingtotheauthor?

A．Theygiveprioritytothemosturgenttaskonhand.

B．Theysetatimelimitforeachspecifictask.

C．Theycombineclockbasedandtaskbasedplanning.

D．Theyaccomplishtheirtasksonebyone.

2．Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheirexperimentsonclocktimers?

A．Theytendtobemoreproductive.

B．Theyseizeopportunitiesastheycomeup.

C．Theyalwaysgettheirworkdoneintime.

D．Theyhavemorecontrolovertheirlives.

3．Whatistheresearchers'opinionabouttoday'sbusinessculture?

A．Itdoesnotsupportthestrategiesadoptedbysmartcompanies.

B．Itattachesmoreimportancetoworkefficiencythantoworkers'lives.

C．Itaimstobringemployees'potentialandcreativityintofullplay.

D．Itdoesnotlayenoughemphasisontaskbasedpractice.

4．Fromthepassage，wecanconcludethat________.

A．itisimportanttokeepabalancebetweenworkandlife

B．taskbasedtimingispreferredfordoingcreativework

C．performingcreativejobstendstomakeworkershappier

D．ascientificstandardshouldbeadoptedinjobevaluation

【解题导语】本文是一篇对时钟型和任务型两种工作方式的研究报告。

【难句分析】Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed，andbe，tosomeextent，clocktimers，taskbasedtimingshouldbeusedwhentheyareperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.

分析：

本句中While引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”，相当于although；whentheyareperformingajob是when引导的时间状语从句；thatrequiresmorecreativity是一个定语从句，先行词是ajob。

译文：

虽然大多数人仍然很可能在某种程度上需要或者成为时钟计时型的人，但是他们在做需要更多创造力的工作时还是应当使用任务型的时间安排。

1．C　考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning”可知，人们采用了这两种方式的复合型工作方式，因此选项C“他们把时钟型和任务型的计划结合起来”是正确的。

选项A、B和D的信息在文中无处可寻，所以都是错误的。

givepriorityto...意为“给……以优先考虑”；onhand意为“在手边”；setatimelimitfor...意为“给……设定时限”。

2．A　考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficientbutlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative，butlessproductive”可知，采用时钟计时型工作方式的人效率更高，采用任务计时型工作方式的人更开心，但是效率较低。

所以选A。

3．D　考查推理判断。

根据第五段首句“Theresearchersarguethattaskbasedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandundersupportedinbusinessculture”可知，研究人员认为任务型的工作方式在商业文化中往往被低估并且缺乏支持。

故选项D“它（商业文化）没有充分强调任务型的实践”正确。

4．B　考查推理判断。

根据末段中的“taskbasedtimingshouldbeusedwhentheyareperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity”可知，在做需要更多创造力的工作时还是应当使用任务型的工作方式。

故选B项。

根据第四段中的“Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative,butlessproductive”和末段的末句“It'llmakethosetaskseasier,andthetaskdoerswillbehappier”可知，文中讲述的是采用任务计时型工作方式的人更开心，且更有创造力，但并不意味着做有创造力的工作会让人们更开心，所以选项C是错误的；选项A和D的内容在文中没有提及，是主观臆断，因此也是错误的。

二、单项填空

1.Nowadays,fewpeopledevelopthehabitofkeepingasupplyofoil-lampsinthehouseincaseofpower

_______.

A.failureB.absenceC.lackD.drop

【答案】C

【解析】句意：

如今，很少有人为了防能源短缺，养成保存油灯供应的习惯。

lack缺少；failure失败；absence

缺席；d