英语专四真题及参考答案.docx

英语专四真题及参考答案.docx

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英语专四真题及参考答案

2021英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案

PARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE

Therearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefouroptionsmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceoranswersthequestion.MarkhouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

11.TheBentPyramidoutsideCairoancientEgypt'firstattempttobuildasmooth-sided

pyramid.

A.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeen

B.wasbelievedtobe

C.isbelievedtohavebeen

D.isbelievedtobe

12.U.S.Newsrankingsofcollegessinee1983.Theyareaverypopularresourcefor

studentslookingtoapplytouniversitycampus.

A.maintains

B.ismaintaining

C.maintained

D.hasbeenmaintaining

13.Hewasluredintoacrimehewouldnothavecommitted.

A.actually

B.accidentally

C.otherwise

D.seldom

14.Shewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof

mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.

A.bluehazyVirginia

B.hazyblueVirginia

C.Virginiahazyblue

D.Virginiabluehazy

15.Ilongtoalleviate,butIcannot.

A.theevil

B.evil

C.evils

D.anevil

16.Indeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming

A.war

B.arewar

C.ofwar

D.areofwar

17.At,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialis

alteredwhenexposedtolight.

A.itsmostbasic

B.itsbasic

C.themostbasic

D.thebasic

18.Shehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.

Theinfinitiveverbphrase6nlytolearn"isused.

A.toexpressanintendedpurpose

B.toindicateahighdegreeofpossibility

C.torevealanundesirableconsequenee

D.todramatizeastatedfact

19.WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?

A.Iwonderwhat'behindthischangeofplan.

B.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.

C.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I'mgettingterriblybehind.

D.IsupposeI'mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.

20.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudof

whathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses.

A.ahypothesis

B.asuggestion

C.acontradiction

D.asurprise

21.WhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto,

theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevideneeagainsttheprosecution.

A.justice

B.testimony

C.trial

D.verdict

22.,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.

A.Questionably

B.Arguably

C.Contentiously

D.

Debatably

C.offer

D.

ofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyone

offset

24.Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshehasnotoproceedwithadivorce.〞

A.recommendation

B.recording

C.recollection

D.recognition

25.Whatactually

agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatwe

considerbeautiful.

A.consists

B.constitutes

C.composes

D.constructs

26.Theschoolisgoingthemiletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoits

uniquedevelopmentprogram.

A.final

B.further

C.supplementary

D.extra

27.Theteachers'unionalawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairingdeplorable〞

schoolconditions.

A.fired

B.filed

C.fined

D.filled

28.LastMarchtheofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwater

archaeologicalteam.

A.debris

B.ruins

C.remains

D.wreck

29.

occasionsfromredcarpetstomoviepremieres.

She'swornhisdesignson

A.countless

B.countable

C.numerical

D.numeral

30.Aleading

intelligeneeandoperationscompanyhasreleaseditsanalysisof

worldwidereportedincidentsofpiracyandcrimeagainstmariners.

A.oceangoing

B.oceanic

C.marine

D.maritime

PARTIVCLOZE

Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.Marktheletterforeachwordon

ANSWERSHEET.

A.accompanies

B.automatically

C.couple

D.goes

E.indebtedness

F.kind

G.manner

H.mercifully

I.one

J.obey

K.renowned

L.subscribe

M.unknown

N.virtue

O.widespread

AFewyearsago,auniversityprofessortriedalittleexperiment.HesentChristmascardstoasampleofperfectstrangers.Althoughheexpectedsomereaction,theresponse

hereceivedwasamazing—holidaycardsaddressedtohimcamepouringbackfromthepeoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim.Thegreatmajorityofthosewhoreturnedacardneverinquiredintotheidentityoftheunknownprofessor.Theyreceivedhisholidaygreetingcard,andtheyautomaticallysentoneinreturn.Thisstudyshowstheactionofoneofthemostpowerfuloftheweaponsofinflueneearoundus—theruleforreciprocation.Therulesaysthatweshouldtrytorepay,inkind,whatanotherpersonhasprovidedus.Ifawomandoesusafavor,weshoulddoheroneinreturn;ifamansendsusabirthdaypresent,weshouldrememberhisbirthdaywithagiftofourown;ifacoupleinvitesustoaparty,weshouldbesuretoinvitethemtooneofours.Byvirtueofthereciprocityrule,then,weareobligatedtothefuturerepaymentoffavors,gifts,invitations,andthelike.Sotypicalisitforindebtednesstoaccompanythereceiptofsuchthingsthatatermlike“muchobliged〞hasbecomeasynonymfor“thankyou,〞n

intheEnglishIanguagebutinothersaswell.

Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleforreciprocationandthesenseofobligationthatgoeswithitisitspervasivenessinhumanculture.Itissowidespreadthatafterintensivestudy,sociologistssuchasAlvinGoldenercanreportthatthereisnohumansocietythatdoesnotsubscribetotherule.

PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION

SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS

Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

PASSAGEONE

（1）TheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcoloniesthatwerefreefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priestsandchurches,noblemenandaristocrats.ThehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmericancharacter.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformalaristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.IndividualfreedomisprobablythemostbasicofalltheAmericanvalues.Byfreedom,Americansmeanthedesireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontroltheirowndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnobleclass,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority.

（2）Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:

self-relianee.ItmeansthatAmericansbelievetheyshouldstandontheirownfeet,aehievingbothfinaneialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,usuallybyage18or21.

（3）AsecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnitedStatesisthebeliefthateveryonehasaequalchaneetoenteraraceandsucceedinthegame.BecausetitlesofnobilitywereforbiddenintheConstitution,noformalclasssystemdevelopedintheU.S.

（4）Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisequalityofopportunity:

competition.Ifmuch

oflifeisseenasrace,thenapersonmustruntheraceinordertosucceed;apersonmustcompetewithothers.ThepressuresofcompetitioninthelifeofanAmericanbegininchildhoodandcontinueuntilretirementfromwork.Infact,anygroupofpeoplewhodoesnotcompetesuccessfullydoesnotfitintothemainstreamofAmericanlifeaswellasthosewhodo.

（5）AthirdreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallycometotheUnitedStatesistohaveabetterlife.Becauseofitsabundantnaturalresources,theUnitedStatesappearedtobea“andofplentywheremillionscouldcometoseektheirfortunes.Thephrase©oingfromragstoriches〞becameasloganfortheAmericandream.Manypeopledidachievematerialsuccess.MaterialwealthbecameavaluetotheAmericanpeople,anditalsobecameanacceptedmeasureofsocialstatus.

（6）Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:

hardwork.Hardworkhasbeen

bothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Insomeways,material

possessionsareseenasevideneeofpeoplesabilities.BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidencyin1964,saidthatmostpoorpeoplearepoorbecausetheydeservetobe.MostAmericanswouldfindthisaharshstatement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.

（7）ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.Rather,theyshouldbethoughtofasthemes,aswecontinuetoexploremorefacetsoftheAmericancharacterandhowitaffectslifeintheUnitedStates.

41.Para.4seemstosuggestthat.

A.Americansarebornwithasenseofcompetition

B.thepressureofcompetitionbeginswhenonestartswork

C.successfulcompetitionisessentialinAmericansociety

D.competitionresultsinequalityofopportunities

42.WhichofthefollowingmethodsdoestheauthormainlyuseinexplainingAmericanvalues?

A.Comparison

D.Causeandeffect

C.Definition

D.Processanalysis

PASSAGETWO

（1）TheNobelsaretheoriginals,ofcourse.AlfredNobel,themanwhoinventeddeadlyexplosives,decidedt