四川大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题.docx

四川大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题.docx

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四川大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题

四川大学2013年博士研究生入学考试英语真题

PartI:

ReadingComprehension（30%）

Direction：

Readthefollowingsixpassages.Answerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosing

A，B，CorD.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

Passage1

Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.，Canada,andEuropehavereceiveda

greatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolved

mysteries.TheseincludeUFOsaswellassightingsandencounterswith“nonhumancrea-

turessuchasBigfootandtheLochNessmonster.OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabegun

toreceivesomeattentionaswell.AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andInca

civilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunu-

sual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.

TheNazca“lines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Theselinesaredeeply

carvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchas

birds,amonkey,andalizard.Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenseless

mess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1，000feel—

meaningfromanaircraft.Yettherewerenoaircraftin300B.C.，whenitisjudgedthe

designsweremade.Norweretherethen,oraretherenow，anynearbymountainranges

fromwhichtoviewthem.SohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofNazcacreatethese

marvelousdesigns?

Oneanswerappearedin1969,whentheGermanresearcherandwrit-

erErichvonDanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfor

theiraircraft.Thescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvon

Daniken’stheory.Overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehas

beenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.

TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.Itisdirectresultof

thecreationoftheInternet.Currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtothismysteryfrom

LatinAmerica^past,andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-

mailandchatrooms.

WilltheInternethelpexplaintheseunsolvedmysteries?

Perhapsitisastepintheright

direction.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.LatinAmericahaslongreceivedattentionforunusualphenomena.

巳.PublicattentionisnowdirectedtowardscountrieslikePeru.

0.PublicinterestusuallyfocusesonNorthAmericaandEurope.

D.Someancientcivilizationshaveunsolvedmysteries.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theNazcalineswerefound.

A.inmountains巳.PinstonesC.onanimalsD.onaplain

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthehigherthelinesareseen,thethe

imagestheypresent.

A.smaller巳.largerC.clearerD.brighter

4.TherehasbeenincreasinginterestintheNazcalinesmainlybecause

of.

A.theparticipationofscientists

B.theemergenceoftheInternet

0.thebirthofnewtheories

D.theinterestintheInternet

5.TheauthorisabouttheroleoftheInternetinsolvingmysteries.

A.cautious.B.pessimistic0.uncertainD.optimistic

Passage2

SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’s

voices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,

andsubordinate.Atthebeginningof17thcentury,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalab-

solutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLaw

ofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron；bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthe

supremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthe

husbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherand

thentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofall

ChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynist

sermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,

rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.

Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheEliza-

bethanera（1558——1603）theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovided

animpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Eliza-

bethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtrans-

lation.Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteorigi-

naltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovided

byfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefe-

malefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne（KingJames’consort）andheroftenop-

positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadarea-

sonablygoodeducation（modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasion-

allyLatin）andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsfor

imaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharacters

inliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocial

constructofwomen’snatureandrole.

Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistence

oneveryChristian’simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhis

orherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhere

intheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts（notably

Galatians3:

28）inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality:

“ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfe-

male:

foryearealloneinJesusChrist.”Suchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthe

supportofGodthesupremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedto

standtowardtheminhisstead.

Thereisalsothegaporslippagebetweenideologyandcommonexperience.English

womenthroughoutthe17thcenturyexercisedagooddealofactualpower；asmanagersof

estatesintheirhusbands’absencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmissions；as

membersofguilds；aswivesandmotherswhosometimesdominatedtheirmenbysheer

forceofpersonalityoroutrightdefiance.TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglish

CivilWarandInterregnum（1640—60）astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdis-

ruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreachers,asproph-

etesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpolitical

tracts.

6.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Women’sPositioninthe17thCentury.

巳.Women’sSubjectiontoPatriarchy.

C.SocialCircumstancesinthe17thCentury.

D.Women’sObjectioninthe17thCentury.

7.WhatdidtheQueenElizabethdoforthewomeninculture?

A.Shesetanimpressivefemaleexampletofollow.

巳.Shedominatedtheculture.

C.Shedidlittle.

D.Sheallowedwomentotranslatesomething.

8.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasareasontoenablewomentooriginal

texts?

A.Femalecommunitiesprovidedsomecounterweighttopatriarchy.

B.QueenAnne’spoliticalactivities.

C.Mostwomenhadagoodeducation.

D.QueenElizabeth’spoliticalactivities.

9.Whatdidthereligiondoforthewomen?

A.Itdidnothing.

B.Ittooaskedwomentobeobedientexceptsometexts.

C.Itsupportedwomen.

D.ItappealedtotheGod.

10.Whatdoestheword“apex”meaninthelastparagraph?

A.thelowestpointB.theendC.ultimateD.summit

Passage3

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotired

that,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme；it

istherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.

Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.She

movedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblack

hairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethree

silkribbons,blue,green，andwhite.Theyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirl-

friendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”，soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthree

fingersagainstmyhead；Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“Beautiful.”Sheloweredher

eyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme（Idon’tspeakLaotianvery

well）.

Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsinthem:

squaresandtrianglesand

circlesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,

andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaos

bargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.

Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.Shewaspleasedbythefewwords

iwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatI

understoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindis-

agreementovertheprice；then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanother

shakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferI

made.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousand

wouldn’tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidfor

allthreeatthepriceset；thatwayiwasabletopayherthreetimesasmuchbeforeshe

hadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,for

thefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritl