英语语言学试题精粹10套.docx
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英语语言学试题精粹10套
英语语言学试题精粹（10套）
第一部分选择题
I.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.Decide
whichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputthe
letterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.（2%×10=20%）
1、Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeople
actuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor"correct"linguisticbehavior,
itissaidtobe___.
A、prescriptive
B、sociolinguistic
C、descriptive
D、psycholinguistic
2、Ofallthespeechorgans,the___is/arethemostflexible.
A、mouth
B、lips
C、tongue
D、vocalcords
3、Themorpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television"isa（n）___.
A、boundmorpheme
B、boundform
C、inflectionalmorpheme
D、freemorpheme
4、A___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthat
introducestheembeddedclause.
A、coordinator
B、particle
C、preposition
D、subordinator
5、"CanIborrowyourbike?
"___"Youhaveabike."
A、issynonymouswith
B、isinconsistentwith
C、entails
D、presupposes
6、Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencestheway
speakersinterpretsentencesiscalled___.
A、semantics
B、pragmatics
C、sociolinguistics
D、psycholinguistics
7、Grammaticalchangesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,
whichare___orgeneralization.
A、elaboration
B、simplification
C、externalborrowing
D、internalborrowing
8、___referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsand
straightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.
A、Linguafranca
B、Creole
C、Pidgin
D、Standardlanguage
9、Psychologists,neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,in
additiontothemotorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulation
ofutterances,threeareasoftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,
namely,___.
A、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandtheangulargyrus
B、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandcerebralcortex
C、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandneurons
D、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandExner'sarea
10、AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconcious
developmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyin
dailycommunicativesituations.
A、learning
B、competence
C、performance
D、acquisition
第二部分非选择题
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswith
oneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.Notethat
youaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethe
lettergiven.（1%×10=10%）
11、Chomskydefines"competence"astheidealuser'skoftherulesof
hislanguage.
12、Thefoursounds/p/,/b/,/m/and/w/haveonefeatureincommon,i.e,
theyareallb.
13、Misabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureof
wordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.
14、Asisastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesa
numberofwordstoformacompletestatement,questionorcommand.
15、Synonymsthataremutuallysubstitutableunderallcircumstancesare
calledcsynonyms.
16、Theillocutionarypointofristocommitthespeakerto
something'sbeingthecase,tothetruthofwhathasbeensaid.
17、Wordsarecreatedoutrighttofitsomepurpose.Suchamethodof
enlargingthevocabularyisknownaswordc.
18、Whereverthestandardlanguagecanuseacontraction（he+is→he's）,
BlackEnglishcandtheformof"be".
19、Thebasicessentialsofthefirstlanguageareacquiredintheshort
periodfromaboutagetwotopuberty,whichiscalledthecperiodfor
firstlanguageacquisition.
20、Asatypeoflinguisticsystemin12learning,iisaproductofL2
training,mothertongueintereference,overgeneralizationofthetarget
languagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeach
statement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyou
thinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2%×10=20%）
（）21、Inmodernlinguisticstudies,thewrittenformoflanguageisgiven
moreemphasisthanthespokenformforanumberofreasons.
（）22、Voicingisaphonologicalfeaturethatdistinguishesmeaninginboth
ChineseandEnglish.
（）23、Thecompoundword"bookstore"istheplacewherebooksaresold.This
indicatesthatthemeaningofacompoundisthesumtotalofthemeanings
ofitscomponents.
（）24、Syntacticcategoriesrefertosentences（S）andclauses（C）only.
（）25、Dialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialects
suchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefoundwithin
thevarietyitself,forexample,withinBritishEnglishorAmerican
English.
（）26、OnlywhenamaximunderCooperativePrincipleisblatantlyviolated
andthehearerknowsthatitisbeingviolateddoconversational
implicaturesarise.
（）27、TheterritoryinwhichtheIndo-Europeanlanguagesaremainlyspoken
todayalsoincludeslanguagesthatarenotIndo-European.
（）28、Inmostbilingualcommunities,twolanguageshavethesameinspeech
situationsknownasdomains.
（）29、AccordingtothestrongversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,
speakers'perceptionsdeterminelanguageandpatterntheirwayoflife.
（）30、Allnormalchildrenhaveequalabilitytoacquiretheirfirst
language.
IV.Directions:
Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesfor
illustration.（3%×10=30%）
31、duality
32、diachroniclinguistics
33、broadtranscription
34、morphologicalrules
35、phrasestructurerule
36、relationalopposites
37、componentialanalysis
38、context
39、euphemism
40、brainlateralization
V.Answerthefollowingquestions.（10%×2=20%）
41、Explainhowtheinventoryofsoundscanchange,givingsomeexamplesin
Englishforillustration.
42、Brieflydiscusstheindividualfactorswhichaffecttheacquisitionof
asecondlanguage.
主题：
英语语言学试题精粹（10套）
第一部分选择题
I.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.Decide
whichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputthe
letterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.（2%×10=20%）
1、Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeople
actuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor"correct"linguisticbehavior,
itissaidtobe___.
A、prescriptive
B、sociolinguistic
C、descriptive
D、psycholinguistic
2、Ofallthespeechorgans,the___is/arethemostflexible.
A、mouth
B、lips
C、tongue
D、vocalcords
3、Themorpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television"isa（n）___.
A、boundmorpheme
B、boundform
C、inflectionalmorpheme
D、freemorpheme
4、A___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthat
introducestheembeddedclause.
A、coordinator
B、particle
C、preposition
D、subordinator
5、"CanIborrowyourbike?
"___"Youhaveabike."
A、issynonymouswith
B、isinconsistentwith
C、entails
D、presupposes
6、Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencestheway
speakersinterpretsentencesiscalled___.
A、semantics
B、pragmatics
C、sociolinguistics
D、psycholinguistics
7、Grammaticalchangesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,
whichare___orgeneralization.
A、elaboration
B、simplification
C、externalborrowing
D、internalborrowing
8、___referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsand
straightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.
A、Linguafranca
B、Creole
C、Pidgin
D、Standardlanguage
9、Psychologists,neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,in
additiontothemotorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulation
ofutterances,threeareasoftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,
namely,___.
A、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandtheangulargyrus
B、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandcerebralcortex
C、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandneurons
D、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandExner'sarea
10、AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconcious
developmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyin
dailycommunicativesituations.
A、learning
B、competence
C、performance
D、acquisition
第二部分非选择题
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswith
oneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.Notethat
youaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethe
lettergiven.（1%×10=10%）
11、Chomskydefines"competence"astheidealuser'skoftherulesof
hislanguage.
12、Thefoursounds/p/,/b/,/m/and/w/haveonefeatureincommon,i.e,
theyareallb.
13、Misabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureof
wordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.
14、Asisastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesa
numberofwordstoformacompletestatement,questionorcommand.
15、Synonymsthataremutuallysubstitutableunderallcircumstancesare
calledcsynonyms.
16、Theillocutionarypointofristocommitthespeakerto
something'sbeingthecase,tothetruthofwhathasbeensaid.
17、Wordsarecreatedoutrighttofitsomepurpose.Suchamethodof
enlargingthevocabularyisknownaswordc.
18、Whereverthestandardlanguagecanuseacontraction（he+is→he's）,
BlackEnglishcandtheformof"be".
19、Thebasicessentialsofthefirstlanguageareacquiredintheshort
periodfromaboutagetwotopuberty,whichiscalledthecperiodfor
firstlanguageacquisition.
20、Asatypeoflinguisticsystemin12learning,iisaproductofL2
training,mothertongueintereference,overgeneralizationofthetarget
languagerules,andlearningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefo
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